Vicksburg is a historic city in Warren County,Mississippi,United States. It is the county seat. The population was 21,573 at the 2020 census. Located on a high bluff on the east bank of the Mississippi River across from Louisiana,Vicksburg was built by French colonists in 1719. The outpost withstood an attack from the native Natchez people. It was incorporated as Vicksburg in 1825 after Methodist missionary Newitt Vick. The area that is now Vicksburg was long occupied by the Natchez Native Americans as part of their historical territory along the Mississippi. The first Europeans who settled the area were French colonists who built Fort Saint Pierre in 1719 on the high bluffs overlooking the Yazoo River at present-day Redwood. They conducted fur trading with the Natchez and others,and started plantations. During the American Civil War,it was a key Confederate river-port,and its July 1863 surrender to Ulysses S. Grant,along with the concurrent Battle of Gettysburg,marked the turning-point of the war.
The Mississippi Plan of 1874–1875 was developed by white Southern Democrats as part of the white insurgency during the Reconstruction era in the Southern United States. It was devised by the Democratic Party in that state to overthrow the Republican Party in Mississippi by means of organized threats of violence and voter suppression against African American citizens and white Republican supporters. Democrats sought to regain political control of the state legislature and governor's office 'peaceably if we can,forcibly if we must.' Their justifications were articulated on a basis of discontent with governor Adelbert Ames' Republican administration,including spurious charges of corruption and high taxes. However,the violence that followed was centred on the desire to return white supremacy to the state. The success of the campaign led to similar plans being adopted by white Democrats in South Carolina and other majority-black states across the South.
Solomon Soladin "S. S." Calhoon was an American judge and attorney. He was a justice of the Supreme Court of Mississippi from 1900 to 1908.
George Washington Gayles was an American Baptist minister and state legislator in Mississippi. He served in the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1872 until 1875 and in the Mississippi Senate from 1878 until 1886. He was a candidate for the United States House of Representatives in 1892,but received only 6% of the vote due to the voter suppression laws of that period. He was also a noted Baptist minister and was known as the "Father of the Convention" of African American Baptists in Mississippi.
Henry Minor Faser was an American academic administrator,life insurance business executive and political activist. He was the founding dean of the University of Mississippi School of Pharmacy,the vice president of the Lamar Life Insurance Company,and a supporter of the States' Rights Democratic Party's 1948 presidential campaign.
Douglas William Shanks was an American college baseball coach. He was a city commissioner of Jackson,Mississippi and was on their city council. He served as the head coach of the Mississippi Valley State Devils (2001–2014).
Hannibal Caesar Carter was the Secretary of State of Mississippi from September 1 to October 20,1873,and from November 13,1873,to January 4,1874,serving the first term after being appointed when Hiram R. Revels resigned. He also served two non-consecutive terms representing Warren County in the Mississippi House of Representatives,the first from 1872 to 1873 the second from 1876 to 1877,both times as a Republican. In later years he changed his affiliation to Democratic. He was one of several African Americans to serve as Mississippi Secretary of State during the Reconstruction era.
James Hill was a Republican politician and government official in the U.S. state of Mississippi. He served in the Mississippi House of Representatives,including as Sergeant at Arms and as Speaker,and was Secretary of State of Mississippi during the Reconstruction era.
Joseph Withers Power was a Mississippi politician and the Secretary of State of Mississippi from 1901 to 1926.
Barry W. Benson was the Mississippi Secretary of State from 1835 to 1839. He was a Democrat.
George Morgan Govan was an American military officer and Democratic politician from Mississippi. He was the 27th Secretary of State of Mississippi,serving from 1886 to 1896.
Samuel Stamps was an American Democratic politician. He was the 9th Secretary of State of Mississippi,serving from 1847 until his death.
Hillrie Marshall Quin was an American politician. He was the speaker of the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1912 to 1916.
Calvin Brooks Vance was an American planter and Democratic politician. He was a member of the Mississippi State Senate,from Panola County,from 1878 to 1882,from 1908 to 1912,and from 1916 to 1920.
George Anderson was an American politician. He served in both houses of the Mississippi Legislature in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
William Beauregard Roberts was an American Democratic politician,lawyer,planter,and banker. A resident of Rosedale,Mississippi,he represented Bolivar County in the Mississippi State Senate for six consecutive terms,from 1920 to his death in 1940. He was the Senate's President Pro Tempore for two stints in 1931 and 1940 and also served as the Acting Governor of Mississippi in December 1931.
Nannie Herndon Rice was an American suffragist,writer,and college librarian,based in Mississippi. She worked at the Mississippi State University library from 1916 to 1957,and was president of the Mississippi Library Association.
Peter Crosby,was an American sheriff,tax collector,military officer,and businessperson. In 1873 during the Reconstruction-era,Crosby was the first African American to be elected as sheriff in Warren County,Mississippi. Crosby was forcibly removed from his office in December 1874 by an angry mob of White militia,the event is often referred to as the Vicksburg massacre.
Albert Clarence Anderson was an American politician and newspaper publisher. He represented the 36th district in the Mississippi State Senate from 1912 to 1916,and was the Senate's President Pro Tempore during that term. He also served in the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1900 to 1904,from 1908 to 1912,and from 1924 to 1928.
