Mississippi House of Representatives

Last updated

Mississippi House of Representatives
Mississippi Legislature
Seal of Mississippi 2014.svg
Type
Type
Term limits
None
History
New session started
January 2, 2024
Leadership
Speaker
Jason White (R)
since January 2, 2024
Speaker pro tempore
Manly Barton (R)
since January 2, 2024
Minority Leader
Robert Johnson III (D)
since January 7, 2020
Structure
Seats122
MS Legislature 2024 Apportionment.svg
Political groups
  •   Republican (79)
  •   Democratic (41)
  •   Independent (2)
Length of term
4 years
AuthorityArticle IV, Mississippi Constitution
Salary$10,000/year + per diem
Elections
Last election
November 7, 2023
(122 seats)
Next election
November 2, 2027
(122 seats)
RedistrictingLegislative Control
Meeting place
Mississippi State Capitol building in Jackson.jpg
House of Representatives Chamber
Mississippi State Capitol
Jackson, Mississippi
Website
Mississippi House of Representatives
Rules
House of Representatives Rules

The Mississippi House of Representatives is the lower house of the Mississippi Legislature, the lawmaking body of the U.S. state of Mississippi. According to the state constitution of 1890, it is to comprise no more than 122 members elected for four-year terms. To qualify as a member of the House candidates must be at least 21 years old, a resident of Mississippi for at least four years, and a resident in the district for at least two years. Elections are held the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.

Contents

Membership, qualifications, and apportionment

Article 4, Section 36 of the Mississippi Constitution specifies that the state legislature must meet for 125 days every four years and 90 days in other years. The Mississippi House of Representatives has the authority to determine rules of its own proceedings, punish its members for disorderly behavior, and expel a member with a two-thirds vote of its membership. [1] Bills must undergo three readings in each house, unless two-thirds of the house dispenses with the rules. [1] They cannot be amended to a new purpose. [1] Amendments to bills must be approved by both houses. [1]

The governor has the power to veto legislation, but legislators can override the veto with a two-thirds decision. [1] From 1890 to 2020, State representatives were authorized under the Mississippi Constitution to elect the Governor of Mississippi if no candidate had received 62 of the 122 electoral votes (one per district) and more than 50% of the popular vote. This occurred only once, in 1999, when Ronnie Musgrove had the most votes statewide, but was one electoral vote and 2936 votes (0.38%) shy of a majority: Musgrove was elected on the first ballot. [2]

Leadership

The permanent position of Speaker pro tempore was established in a House vote on January 9, 1987. [3] (It had been previously used in temporary situations if the Speaker was not available.) [4] The Speaker Pro Tempore acts as Speaker in the Speaker's absence. [5] The Speaker Pro Tempore also serves ex officio as the Chair of the House Management Committee and as a member of the House Rules Committee. [5] The current Speaker pro tempore is Republican Manly Barton. [6]

Salary

State representatives earn $23,500 per year. [7]

Current composition

The following composition reflects the balance of power after the 2023 elections. Republicans secured a majority for the fourth time since 2011, the first year when Republicans won the majority of seats in the State House since 1870. [8] [9] The 2023 elections were marked by new leadership, as the past speaker Phillip Gunn retired, allowing his chief lieutenant, then-Speaker Pro Tempore Jason White to become the new speaker. [9] The 2023 elections saw the seating of 25 new members. [9]

State representatives are elected every four years by the qualified electors of the district for which they are running. [10] Candidates are required to be at least 21 years of age and a resident of the state and district for which they are campaigning. [11]

AffiliationParty
(Shading indicates majority caucus)
Total
Democratic Republican Independent Vacant
End of previous legislature (2023)407631193
Start of current legislature (2024)417921220
Latest voting share

List of members

List of speakers

The House has elected a speaker 63 times since 1817: [12] [a]

NameParty County/DistrictTermSession
1 Blank.gif Thomas Barnes Claiborne October 6, 1817

February 8, 1818

1st
2 Blank.gif Edward Turner Adams January 4, 1819

February 1819

2nd
Adams (Natchez)January 3, 1820

February 12, 1820

3rd
3 Blank.gif Beverly R. Grayson Adams January 1, 1821

February 12, 1821

4th
4 CowlesMeadPortrait.png Cowles Mead Jefferson November 5, 1821

June 30, 1822

5th
5 Gerard Chittocque Brandon.jpg Gerard C. Brandon Wilkinson December 23, 1822

January 21, 1823

6th
6 CowlesMeadPortrait.png Cowles Mead Jefferson December 22, 1823

January 23, 1824

7th
January 3, 1825

February 4, 1825

8th
7 Blank.gif Isaac R. Nicholson Copiah January 2, 1826

January 31, 1826

9th
January 1, 1827

February 8, 1827

10th
8 Blank.gif Charles B. Green [13] Adams January 7, 1828

February 16, 1828

11th
9 William L. Sharkey portrait..jpg William L. Sharkey Warren January 5, 1829

– February 6, 1829

12th
10 Blank.gif Joseph Dunbar Jefferson January 4, 1830

– February 13, 1830

13th
11 Blank.gif M. F. Degrafenreid Wilkinson1832–1833
12 Blank.gif David Pembel Adams1833–1834
13 Adam Lewis Bingaman.jpg A. L. Bingaman Adams1834–1836
14 Blank.gif John Irvin Carroll1836–1837
15 Blank.gif William Vannerson Lawrence1837–1838
16 Blank.gif J. W. King Rankin1838–1840
17 JSpeight2.jpg Jesse Speight DemocraticLowndes1840–1841
18 James Alexander Ventress.png James A. Ventress Wilkinson1841–1842
19 Blank.gif Robert W. Roberts DemocraticScott1842–1844
20 Blank.gif J. L. Totten DemocraticMarshall1844–1846
21 James whitfield Gov.jpg James Whitfield DemocraticLowndes1846–1848
22 John J. McRae portrait..jpg John J. McRae DemocraticClarke1848–1852
23 Blank.gif William S. Patton Lauderdale1852–1854
24 Blank.gif Hiram Cassedy Franklin1854–1856
25 William S. Barry.png William S. Barry DemocraticLowndes1856–1858
26 James Lockhart Autry.jpg James L. Autry Marshall1858–1859
27 Josiah Abigail Patterson Campbell.jpg J. A. P. Campbell Attala1859–1861
28 Blank.gif William A. Lake Warren1861–1862
29 Blank.gif J. P. Scales DemocraticCarroll1862–1863
30 Blank.gif Lock E. Houston Monroe1863–1865
31 Samuel J. Gholson.jpg Samuel J. Gholson DemocraticMonroe1865–1866
32 Blank.gif Freeman E. Franklin RepublicanYazoo1870
33 Henry Waterman Warren 1914 (cropped).png Henry Waterman Warren RepublicanLeake1871–1872
34 John R. Lynch.jpg John R. Lynch RepublicanAdams1872–1873
35 H M Street.jpg Hugh M. Street DemocraticPrentiss1873–1874
36 Isaac D. Shadd, publisher, legislator, abolitionist.png Isaac D. Shadd Warren1874–1876
37 H M Street.jpg Hugh M. Street DemocraticPrentiss1876–1878
38 W A Percy.jpg William A. Percy DemocraticWashington1878–1880
39 Benjamin F. Johns.png Benjamin F. Johns DemocraticAmite1880–1882
40 W H H Tison.png W. H. H. Tison Democratic Lee 1882
41 W M Inge.png William M. Inge DemocraticAlcorn1884–1886
42 Portrait of Gen. Jacob Hunter Sharp.jpg Jacob H. Sharp Lowndes1886–1888
43 C B Mitchell.png Charles B. Mitchell DemocraticPontotoc1888–1890
44 Blank.gif James S. Madison DemocraticNoxubee1890–1892
45 H M Street.jpg Hugh M. Street Democratic Lauderdale January 5, 1892

January 2, 1894

1892–1896
46 James Kimble Vardaman.jpg J. K. Vardaman Democratic Leflore January 2, 1894

February 10, 1894

47 James McCool.jpg James F. McCool Democratic Attala January 7, 1896

February 11, 1898

1896–1900
48 Blank.gif A. J. Russell Democratic Lauderdale January 2, 1900

March 5, 1902

1900–1904
49 Emmet Thomas.jpg Emmet Thomas DemocraticWashington1904–1908
50 H M Street.jpg Hugh M. Street DemocraticLauderdale1908–1912
51 Hillrie Quin.jpg Hillrie M. Quin DemocraticHinds1912–1916
52 Governor Martin S. Conner, Jan. 19, 1932 to Jan. 21, 1936 (14123298914).jpg Mike Conner Democratic Covington January 1916

March 1918

1916–1920
1920–1924
53 Governor Thomas L. Bailey, Jan. 18, 1944 to Nov. 2, 1946 (13936315729).jpg Thomas L. Bailey Democratic1924–1936
54 Horace Stansel.jpg Horace Stansel DemocraticSunflower1936–1936
55 Fielding L. Wright, 1948.jpg Fielding L. Wright Democratic1936–1940
56 Sam Lumpkin.jpg Samuel Lumpkin DemocraticLee1940–1944
57 Walter Sillers.jpg Walter Sillers Jr. DemocraticBolivar1944–1966
58 Speaker Junkin.jpg John R. Junkin DemocraticAdams1966–1976
59 Buddie Newman.jpg Buddie Newman Democratic1976–1988
60 Timothy Alan Ford.png Tim Ford Democratic18January 5, 1988

December 20, 1991

1988–1992
1992–2004
61 House Speaker Billy McCoy.jpg William J. McCoy Democratic3January 6, 2004

May 18, 2007

2004–2008
2008–2012
62 Mississippi House Speaker Philip Gunn - 2019 (cropped).jpg Philip Gunn Republican56January 3, 2012

April 5, 2015

2012–2016
2016–2020
56January 2, 2020

April 2, 2023

2020–2024
63 Jason White, House Speaker, 2024.jpg Jason White Republican48January 2, 2024

Present

2024–2028

List of speakers pro tempore

Source for session dates: [5]

Before the position was made permanent, Buddie Newman served as Speaker pro tempore in three different stints between 1974 and 1975. [14] [15]

NameParty County/DistrictTermSession
1st C L Simmons.png Cecil L. Simmons Democratic37th [16] [17] January 14, 1987 [18] [16]

August 29, 1987

1984–1988
January 5, 1988

December 20, 1991

1988–1992
2nd Robert G. Clark.jpg Robert G. Clark Jr. [19] [20] [21] Democratic47th [22] January 7, 1992

September 16, 1992

1992
January 5, 1993

April 11, 1995

1993–1996
January 2, 1996

July 22, 1999

1996–2000
January 4, 2000

April 16, 2003

2000–2004
3rd J. P. Compretta 2010.jpg J. P. Compretta [23] [5] Republican122ndJanuary 6, 2004

May 18, 2007

2004–2008
January 8, 2008

2012

2008–2012
4th Blank.gif Greg Snowden [24] [25] Republican83rdJanuary 3, 2012

April 5, 2015

2012–2016
2016

2020

2016–2020
5th Jason White.png Jason White [26] Republican48thJanuary 2, 2020

April 2, 2023

2020–2024
6th Blank.gif Manly Barton Republican109th [6] January 2, 2024

Present

2024–2028

Past composition of the House of Representatives

See also

Notes

  1. It is 62 speakers with the most recent election of Jason White.

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Constitutional Provisions The Legislature And Legislation Rules of Procedure, Mississippi Legislature (accessed May 31, 2013)
  2. Breen, Dallas (January 6, 2021). "Mississippi Voted Out Its Electoral College-Like Election Process". Mississippi Free Press. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  3. "House vote trims speaker's power". Newspapers.com. January 10, 1987. Retrieved November 26, 2024.
  4. "Three times in 2 years". Newspapers.com. May 11, 1975. Retrieved November 26, 2024.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Delbert Hosemann, State of Mississippi (2012). Mississippi Official and Statistical Register Blue Book 2008-2012. pp. 104, 147–148.
  6. 1 2 https://billstatus.ls.state.ms.us/members/house/Barton.xml
  7. "Comparison of state legislative salaries". Ballotpedia. Retrieved August 31, 2021.
  8. Wilkinson, Kaija (November 10, 2011). "GOP takes House; Busby leads Jones as of last count, but margin still very thin". gulflive.com. The Press-Register. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  9. 1 2 3 Corder, Frank (January 2, 2024). "Mississippi Legislature Gavels in for New Term". Magnolia Tribune. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  10. Article 4, Section 34, Mississippi Constitution (accessed May 31, 2013)
  11. Article 4, Section 41 Archived June 23, 2012, at the Wayback Machine , Mississippi Constitution (accessed May 31, 2013)
  12. Watson, Michael (2021). "Historical and Statistical Information" (PDF). 2020-2024 Statistical Register. Mississippi Secretary of State.
  13. "Journal of the House of Representatives of the state of Mississippi". Journal of the House of Representatives of the state of Mississippi. Jan 1828 11th Sess. January 1828 via LLMC Digital.
  14. Mississippi. Legislature (January 1, 1980). "Hand book : biographical data of members of Senate and House, personnel of standing committees [1980]". Mississippi Legislature Hand Books.
  15. "Three times in 2 years". Newspapers.com. May 11, 1975. Retrieved November 26, 2024.
  16. 1 2 Mississippi Legislature 1988 Handbook. 1988. p. 27.
  17. "house/1984-88.tif - House of Representatives (1948-2016)". da.mdah.ms.gov. Retrieved November 26, 2024.
  18. "Past week very eventful with rules changes, Allain's eventful speech". Newspapers.com. January 21, 1987. Retrieved November 26, 2024.
  19. Eric Clark, State of Mississippi (2004). Mississippi Official and Statistical Register Blue Book 2000-2004. p. 61.
  20. "Clark". web.archive.org. June 6, 2000. Retrieved November 26, 2024.
  21. "house/1992-96.tif - House of Representatives (1948-2016)". da.mdah.ms.gov. Retrieved November 26, 2024.
  22. "1992 MS Legislature". Newspapers.com. November 6, 1991. Retrieved November 26, 2024.
  23. Eric Clark, State of Mississippi (2008). Mississippi Official and Statistical Register Blue Book 2004-2008. p. 102.
  24. Delbert Hosemann, State of Mississippi (2014). Mississippi Official and Statistical Register Blue Book 2012-2016. p. 105.
  25. Delbert Hosemann, State of Mississippi (2017). Mississippi Official and Statistical Register Blue Book 2016-2020. p. 121.
  26. "2020-2024 Mississippi Blue Book | Michael Watson Secretary of state". sos.ms.gov. Retrieved November 25, 2024.

32°18′14″N90°10′55″W / 32.303889°N 90.182047°W / 32.303889; -90.182047