Mississippi House of Representatives | |
---|---|
Mississippi Legislature | |
Type | |
Type | |
Term limits | None |
History | |
New session started | January 2, 2024 |
Leadership | |
Speaker | |
Speaker pro tempore | |
Minority Leader | |
Structure | |
Seats | 122 |
Political groups |
|
Length of term | 4 years |
Authority | Article IV, Mississippi Constitution |
Salary | $10,000/year + per diem |
Elections | |
Last election | November 7, 2023 (122 seats) |
Next election | November 2, 2027 (122 seats) |
Redistricting | Legislative Control |
Meeting place | |
House of Representatives Chamber Mississippi State Capitol Jackson, Mississippi | |
Website | |
Mississippi House of Representatives | |
Rules | |
House of Representatives Rules |
The Mississippi House of Representatives is the lower house of the Mississippi Legislature, the lawmaking body of the U.S. state of Mississippi. According to the state constitution of 1890, it is to comprise no more than 122 members elected for four-year terms. To qualify as a member of the House candidates must be at least 21 years old, a resident of Mississippi for at least four years, and a resident in the district for at least two years. Elections are held the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.
Article 4, Section 36 of the Mississippi Constitution specifies that the state legislature must meet for 125 days every four years and 90 days in other years. The Mississippi House of Representatives has the authority to determine rules of its own proceedings, punish its members for disorderly behavior, and expel a member with a two-thirds vote of its membership. [1] Bills must undergo three readings in each house, unless two-thirds of the house dispenses with the rules. [1] They cannot be amended to a new purpose. [1] Amendments to bills must be approved by both houses. [1]
The governor has the power to veto legislation, but legislators can override the veto with a two-thirds decision. [1] From 1890 to 2020, State representatives were authorized under the Mississippi Constitution to elect the Governor of Mississippi if no candidate had received 62 of the 122 electoral votes (one per district) and more than 50% of the popular vote. This occurred only once, in 1999, when Ronnie Musgrove had the most votes statewide, but was one electoral vote and 2936 votes (0.38%) shy of a majority: Musgrove was elected on the first ballot. [2]
The permanent position of Speaker pro tempore was established in a House vote on January 9, 1987. [3] (It had been previously used in temporary situations if the Speaker was not available.) [4] The Speaker Pro Tempore acts as Speaker in the Speaker's absence. [5] The Speaker Pro Tempore also serves ex officio as the Chair of the House Management Committee and as a member of the House Rules Committee. [5] The current Speaker pro tempore is Republican Manly Barton. [6]
State representatives earn $23,500 per year. [7]
The following composition reflects the balance of power after the 2023 elections. Republicans secured a majority for the fourth time since 2011, the first year when Republicans won the majority of seats in the State House since 1870. [8] [9] The 2023 elections were marked by new leadership, as the past speaker Phillip Gunn retired, allowing his chief lieutenant, then-Speaker Pro Tempore Jason White to become the new speaker. [9] The 2023 elections saw the seating of 25 new members. [9]
State representatives are elected every four years by the qualified electors of the district for which they are running. [10] Candidates are required to be at least 21 years of age and a resident of the state and district for which they are campaigning. [11]
Affiliation | Party (Shading indicates majority caucus) | Total | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Republican | Independent | Vacant | ||
End of previous legislature (2023) | 40 | 76 | 3 | 119 | 3 |
Start of current legislature (2024) | 41 | 79 | 2 | 122 | 0 |
Latest voting share | 33.6% | 64.8% | 1.6% |
The House has elected a speaker 63 times since 1817: [12] [a]
Name | Party | County/District | Term | Session | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Thomas Barnes | Claiborne | October 6, 1817 – February 8, 1818 | 1st | ||
2 | Edward Turner | Adams | January 4, 1819 – February 1819 | 2nd | ||
Adams (Natchez) | January 3, 1820 – February 12, 1820 | 3rd | ||||
3 | Beverly R. Grayson | Adams | January 1, 1821 – February 12, 1821 | 4th | ||
4 | Cowles Mead | Jefferson | November 5, 1821 – June 30, 1822 | 5th | ||
5 | Gerard C. Brandon | Wilkinson | December 23, 1822 – January 21, 1823 | 6th | ||
6 | Cowles Mead | Jefferson | December 22, 1823 – January 23, 1824 | 7th | ||
January 3, 1825 – February 4, 1825 | 8th | |||||
7 | Isaac R. Nicholson | Copiah | January 2, 1826 – January 31, 1826 | 9th | ||
January 1, 1827 – February 8, 1827 | 10th | |||||
8 | Charles B. Green [13] | Adams | January 7, 1828 – February 16, 1828 | 11th | ||
9 | William L. Sharkey | Warren | January 5, 1829 – February 6, 1829 | 12th | ||
10 | Joseph Dunbar | Jefferson | January 4, 1830 – February 13, 1830 | 13th | ||
11 | M. F. Degrafenreid | Wilkinson | 1832–1833 | |||
12 | David Pembel | Adams | 1833–1834 | |||
13 | A. L. Bingaman | Adams | 1834–1836 | |||
14 | John Irvin | Carroll | 1836–1837 | |||
15 | William Vannerson | Lawrence | 1837–1838 | |||
16 | J. W. King | Rankin | 1838–1840 | |||
17 | Jesse Speight | Democratic | Lowndes | 1840–1841 | ||
18 | James A. Ventress | Wilkinson | 1841–1842 | |||
19 | Robert W. Roberts | Democratic | Scott | 1842–1844 | ||
20 | J. L. Totten | Democratic | Marshall | 1844–1846 | ||
21 | James Whitfield | Democratic | Lowndes | 1846–1848 | ||
22 | John J. McRae | Democratic | Clarke | 1848–1852 | ||
23 | William S. Patton | Lauderdale | 1852–1854 | |||
24 | Hiram Cassedy | Franklin | 1854–1856 | |||
25 | William S. Barry | Democratic | Lowndes | 1856–1858 | ||
26 | James L. Autry | Marshall | 1858–1859 | |||
27 | J. A. P. Campbell | Attala | 1859–1861 | |||
28 | William A. Lake | Warren | 1861–1862 | |||
29 | J. P. Scales | Democratic | Carroll | 1862–1863 | ||
30 | Lock E. Houston | Monroe | 1863–1865 | |||
31 | Samuel J. Gholson | Democratic | Monroe | 1865–1866 | ||
32 | Freeman E. Franklin | Republican | Yazoo | 1870 | ||
33 | Henry Waterman Warren | Republican | Leake | 1871–1872 | ||
34 | John R. Lynch | Republican | Adams | 1872–1873 | ||
35 | Hugh M. Street | Democratic | Prentiss | 1873–1874 | ||
36 | Isaac D. Shadd | Warren | 1874–1876 | |||
37 | Hugh M. Street | Democratic | Prentiss | 1876–1878 | ||
38 | William A. Percy | Democratic | Washington | 1878–1880 | ||
39 | Benjamin F. Johns | Democratic | Amite | 1880–1882 | ||
40 | W. H. H. Tison | Democratic | Lee | 1882 | ||
41 | William M. Inge | Democratic | Alcorn | 1884–1886 | ||
42 | Jacob H. Sharp | Lowndes | 1886–1888 | |||
43 | Charles B. Mitchell | Democratic | Pontotoc | 1888–1890 | ||
44 | James S. Madison | Democratic | Noxubee | 1890–1892 | ||
45 | Hugh M. Street | Democratic | Lauderdale | January 5, 1892 – January 2, 1894 | 1892–1896 | |
46 | J. K. Vardaman | Democratic | Leflore | January 2, 1894 – February 10, 1894 | ||
47 | James F. McCool | Democratic | Attala | January 7, 1896 – February 11, 1898 | 1896–1900 | |
48 | A. J. Russell | Democratic | Lauderdale | January 2, 1900 – March 5, 1902 | 1900–1904 | |
49 | Emmet Thomas | Democratic | Washington | 1904–1908 | ||
50 | Hugh M. Street | Democratic | Lauderdale | 1908–1912 | ||
51 | Hillrie M. Quin | Democratic | Hinds | 1912–1916 | ||
52 | Mike Conner | Democratic | Covington | January 1916 – March 1918 | 1916–1920 | |
1920–1924 | ||||||
53 | Thomas L. Bailey | Democratic | 1924–1936 | |||
54 | Horace Stansel | Democratic | Sunflower | 1936–1936 | ||
55 | Fielding L. Wright | Democratic | 1936–1940 | |||
56 | Samuel Lumpkin | Democratic | Lee | 1940–1944 | ||
57 | Walter Sillers Jr. | Democratic | Bolivar | 1944–1966 | ||
58 | John R. Junkin | Democratic | Adams | 1966–1976 | ||
59 | Buddie Newman | Democratic | 1976–1988 | |||
60 | Tim Ford | Democratic | 18 | January 5, 1988 – December 20, 1991 | 1988–1992 | |
1992–2004 | ||||||
61 | William J. McCoy | Democratic | 3 | January 6, 2004 – May 18, 2007 | 2004–2008 | |
2008–2012 | ||||||
62 | Philip Gunn | Republican | 56 | January 3, 2012 – April 5, 2015 | 2012–2016 | |
2016–2020 | ||||||
56 | January 2, 2020 – April 2, 2023 | 2020–2024 | ||||
63 | Jason White | Republican | 48 | January 2, 2024 – Present | 2024–2028 |
Source for session dates: [5]
Before the position was made permanent, Buddie Newman served as Speaker pro tempore in three different stints between 1974 and 1975. [14] [15]
Name | Party | County/District | Term | Session | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st | Cecil L. Simmons | Democratic | 37th [16] [17] | January 14, 1987 [18] [16] – August 29, 1987 | 1984–1988 | |
January 5, 1988 – December 20, 1991 | 1988–1992 | |||||
2nd | Robert G. Clark Jr. [19] [20] [21] | Democratic | 47th [22] | January 7, 1992 – September 16, 1992 | 1992 | |
January 5, 1993 – April 11, 1995 | 1993–1996 | |||||
January 2, 1996 – July 22, 1999 | 1996–2000 | |||||
January 4, 2000 – April 16, 2003 | 2000–2004 | |||||
3rd | J. P. Compretta [23] [5] | Republican | 122nd | January 6, 2004 – May 18, 2007 | 2004–2008 | |
January 8, 2008 – 2012 | 2008–2012 | |||||
4th | Greg Snowden [24] [25] | Republican | 83rd | January 3, 2012 – April 5, 2015 | 2012–2016 | |
2016 – 2020 | 2016–2020 | |||||
5th | Jason White [26] | Republican | 48th | January 2, 2020 – April 2, 2023 | 2020–2024 | |
6th | Manly Barton | Republican | 109th [6] | January 2, 2024 – Present | 2024–2028 |
The Florida Legislature is the legislature of the U.S. state of Florida. It is organized as a bicameral body composed of an upper chamber, the Senate, and a lower chamber, the House of Representatives. Article III, Section 1 of the Florida Constitution, adopted in 1968, defines the role of the legislature and how it is to be constituted. The legislature is composed of 160 state legislators. The primary purpose of the legislature is to enact new laws and amend or repeal existing laws. It meets in the Florida State Capitol building in Tallahassee.
The Mississippi State Senate is the upper house of the Mississippi Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The Senate, along with the lower Mississippi House of Representatives, convenes at the Mississippi State Capitol in Jackson. The Lieutenant Governor of Mississippi serves as President of the Senate.
The Mississippi Legislature is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The bicameral Legislature is composed of the lower Mississippi House of Representatives, with 122 members, and the upper Mississippi State Senate, with 52 members. Both representatives and senators serve four-year terms without term limits. The Legislature convenes at the Mississippi State Capitol in Jackson.
The Mississippi Republican Party is the Mississippi state affiliate of the United States Republican Party. The party chairman is Frank Bordeaux, and the party is based in Jackson, Mississippi. The original Republican Party of Mississippi was founded following the American Civil War, and the current incarnation of the Mississippi Republican Party was founded in 1956. The party would grow in popularity after the 1964 Civil Rights Act and is currently the dominant party in the state.
The lieutenant governor of Mississippi is the second-highest ranking elected executive officer in the U.S. state of Mississippi, below the governor of Mississippi, and is the only official in the state to be a member of two branches of state government. The office of lieutenant governor was established when Mississippi became a state in 1817, abolished for a few decades in the first half of the 19th century, and restored later in the century. The lieutenant governor serves a four-year term with a two consecutive term limit. The current lieutenant governor is Delbert Hosemann, a Republican, who has held the office since 2020.
A general election was held in Mississippi on November 6, 2007, to elect to four-year terms for all members of the Mississippi State Legislature, the offices of Governor of Mississippi, Lieutenant Governor, Secretary of State, Attorney General, State Auditor, State Treasurer, Commissioner of Agriculture and Commerce, and Commissioner of Insurance, plus all three members of the Mississippi Transportation Commission and Mississippi Public Service Commission.
The Louisiana House of Representatives is the lower house in the Louisiana State Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Louisiana. This chamber is composed of 105 representatives, each of whom represents approximately 42,500 people. Members serve four-year terms with a term limit of three terms. The House is one of the five state legislative lower houses that has a four-year term, as opposed to the near-universal two-year term.
Charles Delbert Hosemann Jr. is an American politician and attorney who has been the lieutenant governor of Mississippi since January 2020. From 2008 to 2020, he served as the secretary of state of Mississippi.
The Speaker of the Wisconsin State Assembly is the presiding officer of the Wisconsin State Assembly, the lower house of the Wisconsin Legislature. Article IV of the Constitution of Wisconsin, ratified in 1848, establishes the legislature and specifies the election of officers. The role and responsibilities of the speaker are defined in the Assembly Rules, originally in Rule 1, and also, under the present rules, Rule 3.
Eric Charles Clark is an American politician and academic who served as the Secretary of State of Mississippi from 1996 to 2008.
Jason Mark White is an American politician. He is the Speaker of the Mississippi House of Representatives, being elected in 2024. He represents the 48th district, being first elected in 2011. He is a member of the Republican party.
Manly George Barton is an American politician. He is a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives from the 109th District, being first elected in 2011. He was elected Speaker pro tempore in 2024. He is a member of the Republican party.
The 2020 Mississippi flag referendum was a legislatively referred state statute appearing on the November 3, 2020 general election ballot in Mississippi. Voters were asked whether the design proposed by the Commission to Redesign the Mississippi State Flag, which does not contain the Confederate battle flag and includes the words "In God We Trust", should be adopted as the new official flag of Mississippi. The referendum passed by a 72.98% to 27.02% margin on November 3, 2020. Voters were not given the option to retain the old, Confederate-based flag. Voters were asked whether the design proposed by the commission to Redesign the Mississippi State Flag, which does not contain the Confederate battle flag and includes the words "In God We Trust", should be adopted as the new official flag of Mississippi. The referendum passed by a 72.98% to 27.02% margin on November 3, 2020.
Hugh McQueen Street was an American businessman and Democratic Party politician. He served in the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1870 to 1880, 1890 to 1894, and from 1908 to 1912. He was its Speaker in four different stints.
The 1892–1896 Mississippi Legislature was a legislative term in the United States composed of the Mississippi State Senate and the Mississippi House of Representatives that met in two sessions in 1892 and 1894.
The 1900–1904 Mississippi Legislature was convened in two sessions: a regular session that lasted from January 2, 1900 to March 12, 1900, and a special session that lasted from January 7, 1902, to March 5, 1902.
The 1988–1992 Mississippi Legislature met in eight sessions between January 5, 1988 and January 7, 1992.
The 2024–2028 Mississippi Legislature first met in January 2024. It is composed of the Mississippi State Senate and the Mississippi House of Representatives.
The 2020–2024 Mississippi Legislature was composed of the Mississippi State Senate and the Mississippi House of Representatives.
Cecil Lamar Simmons is an American politician, lawyer, and entomologist. He served in the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1972 to 1998 and was its first Speaker Pro tempore, serving from 1987 to 1992. Simmons became a leader in House reform and in 1987 led a coalition of House members to curtail the Speaker's powers, creating the position of Speaker pro tempore in the process. He then led opposition to the increasing power of the new speaker Tim Ford.