2025 United States state legislative elections

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2025 United States state legislative elections
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←  2024 November 4, 2025 2026  →
2 legislative chambers
2 states
 
Party Republican Democratic Coalition
Current chambers57 [a] 39 [a] 2 [b]
2025 state legislative upper house elections.svg
Map of upper house elections:
     Special elections held or to be held
     No regularly-scheduled elections
2025 state legislative lower house elections.svg
Map of lower house elections:
     Democratic-controlled chamber up
     Special elections held or to be held
     No regularly-scheduled elections

The 2025 United States state legislative elections will be held on November 4, 2025, for two state legislative chambers in two states. Across the fifty states, 3 percent of all lower house seats will be up for election, with no upper house having regularly scheduled elections. These elections take place concurrently with several other state and local elections, including the 2025 gubernatorial elections.

Contents

Background

The 2025 state legislative elections are the first held during the second presidency of Donald Trump following his victory in the 2024 presidential election. Republicans saw very modest coattails in the concurrent legislative elections, flipping a net of just over 50 seats from the Democrats and breaking Democratic trifectas in two states, but establishing no new trifectas of their own. Entering 2025, Republicans fully control 23 state governments, Democrats control 15, with 12 states under split control. Only two states are holding regularly scheduled legislative elections in 2025: New Jersey, which Democrats fully control, and Virginia, where Democrats control the legislature but not the governorship. [2]

Party switching

Five incumbent state legislators have switched political parties during 2025, two leaving the Democratic Party and three leaving the Republican Party. In March, Daniel Thatcher, a moderate Republican Utah Senator left the party and joined the Utah Forward Party. [3] Florida Senate Democratic leader Jason Pizzo announced he was leaving the Democratic Party to become an Independent in April 2025, citing the party's recent decline in power the state. [4] He later announced an Independent run for governor of Florida. [5] In May, Robin L. Webb, the last remaining rural Democratic member of the Kentucky Senate, left the party and joined the Republican supermajority. [6] In June, Maine state senator Rick Bennett left the Republican Party and became an Independent, while simultaneously announcing a bid for governor of the state. [7] In September, Republican Oregon State Representative Cyrus Javadi switched political parties and joined the Democratic supermajority. [8]

StateChamberDistrictLegislatorOld partyNew partySource
Florida Senate 37 Jason Pizzo DemocraticIndependent [4]
Kentucky Senate 18 Robin L. Webb DemocraticRepublican [6]
Maine Senate 18 Rick Bennett RepublicanIndependent [7]
Oregon House 32 Cyrus Javadi RepublicanDemocratic [8]
Utah Senate 11 Daniel Thatcher RepublicanForward [3]

Summary table

Regularly scheduled elections are to be held in two of the 99 state legislative chambers in the United States. Nationwide, regularly scheduled elections are to be held for 180 of the 7,383 legislative seats. This table only covers regularly scheduled elections; additional special elections will take place concurrently with these regularly scheduled elections.

StateLower house
Seats upTotal% upTerm
New Jersey 80801004
Virginia 1001001002

Election predictions

State summaries

New Jersey

All of the seats of the New Jersey General Assembly are up for election in 2025. The New Jersey General Assembly has been controlled by the Democratic Party since 2002.

New Jersey General Assembly
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Craig Coughlin 52
Republican John DiMaio 28
Total8080Steady2.svg

Virginia

All of the seats of the Virginia House of Delegates are up for election in 2025. The Virginia House of Delegates has been controlled by the Democratic Party since 2024.

Virginia House of Delegates
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Don Scott 51
Republican Terry Kilgore 49
Total100100Steady2.svg

Special elections

Total net change in legislative seats due to special elections as of August 2025 .mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}} .mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{} +1 Dem seat +2 Dem seats +1 Rep seat 2025 legislative special election gains.svg
Total net change in legislative seats due to special elections as of August 2025

There are currently 104 state and territorial legislative special elections scheduled for 2025. [9] More than half of all states have procedures for special state legislative elections. [10] As of July 2025, only four seats have flipped parties. Iowa's 1st and 35th Senate District and Pennsylvania's 36th Senate District went from Republican to Democrat. [11] [12] [13] Mississippi's 82nd House District went from Democrat to Republican. Most Democratic special election candidates have outperformed Kamala Harris' 2024 performance in their respective districts, often by 10 percentage points or more, but almost all featured turnout less than half of that of the 2024 election. [14]

Democrats have additionally maintained their narrow control of the Minnesota Senate, Pennsylvania House of Representatives, Virginia Senate, and Virginia House of Delegates, through special election victories, as well as reaffirming the tie in the Minnesota House of Representatives. [15] [16] [17] Their gains in the Iowa Senate also allowed them to break the Republican supermajority in the chamber. [13]

Alabama

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected		ResultsCandidates
Senate 5 Greg Reed Republican 2010 Incumbent resigned January 1, 2025, to join Governor Kay Ivey's administration. [18]
New member elected June 24, 2025.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Green check.svgY Matt Woods (Republican) 86.0%
  • ▌Ryan Cagle (Democratic) 13.8%
  • ▌Write-in 0.2% [19]
House 11 Randall Shedd Republican2013 (special)Incumbent resigned February 17, 2025, to become director of constituent affairs for Senate President Pro Tempore Garlan Gudger. [20]
New member elected August 26, 2025. [21]
Republican hold.
House 12 Corey Harbison Republican 2014 Incumbent resigned April 16, 2025, to focus on time with his family. [23]
New member to be elected October 28, 2025.
  • ▌Matthew Glover (Democratic) [24]
  • ▌Cindy Myrex (Republican) [25]

Arkansas

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected		ResultsCandidates
Senate 26 Gary Stubblefield Republican2012Incumbent died September 2, 2025, of complications during surgery. [26]
New member to be elected TBD.		TBD

California

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected		ResultsCandidates
Assembly 32 Vince Fong Republican 2016 Incumbent resigned May 24, 2024, to become a U.S. representative. [c]
New member elected February 25, 2025.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Green check.svgY Stan Ellis (Republican) 64.6%
  • ▌Chris Cruz-Boone (Democratic) 28.7%
  • ▌Holli Willibey (Republican) 4.4%
  • ▌William Brown (Libertarian) 2.3% [28]
Senate 36 Janet Nguyen Republican 2022 Incumbent resigned November 30, 2024, to join the Orange County Board of Supervisors. [29]
New member elected February 25, 2025.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Green check.svgY Tony Strickland (Republican) 51.3%
  • ▌Jimmy Pham (Democratic) 27.7%
  • ▌Julie Diep (Democratic) 14.3%
  • ▌John Briscoe (Republican) 6.7% [30]
Assembly 63 Bill Essayli Republican 2022 Incumbent resigned April 1, 2025, to become U.S. attorney for the Central District of California. [31]
New member elected August 26, 2025, after no one received over 50% of the vote on June 24, 2025.
Republican hold.
  • Primary:
  • ▌Orange check.svgY Natasha Johnson (Republican) 46.2%
  • ▌Orange check.svgYChris Shoults (Democratic) 44.1%
  • ▌Vincent Romo (Republican) 8.4%
  • ▌Zachary T. Consalvo (Libertarian) 1.3% [32]
  • General:
  • ▌Green check.svgY Natasha Johnson (Republican) 53.5%
  • ▌Chris Shoults (Democratic) 46.5% [33]

Connecticut

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected		ResultsCandidates
House 40 Christine Conley Democratic2016Incumbent resigned January 7, 2025, after being nominated to the Workers' Compensation Commission. [34]
New member elected February 25, 2025.
Democratic hold.
Senate 21 Kevin C. Kelly Republican 2010 Incumbent resigned January 8, 2025, after being nominated to the Connecticut Superior Court. [36]
New member elected February 25, 2025.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Green check.svgY Jason Perillo (Republican) 53.5%
  • ▌Tony Afriyie (Democratic) 46.5%
  • ▌Write-in 0.0% [37]
House 113 Jason Perillo Republican2007
(special)		Incumbent resigned February 28, 2025 to join the State Senate. [38]
New member elected April 22, 2025.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Green check.svgY Amy Romano (Republican) 52.5%
  • ▌Michael Duncan (Democratic) 47.5% [39]

Delaware

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected		ResultsCandidates
Senate 1 Sarah McBride Democratic 2020 Incumbent resigned January 2, 2025, to become a U.S. representative. [40]
New member elected February 15, 2025.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Green check.svgY Dan Cruce (Democratic) 77.1%
  • ▌Steve Washington (Republican) 20.9%
  • ▌Liv Figliola (Nonpartisan) 1.9%
  • ▌Write-in 0.1% [41]
Senate 5 Kyle Evans Gay Democratic 2020 Incumbent resigned January 21, 2025, to become Lieutenant Governor of Delaware. [40]
New member elected February 15, 2025.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Green check.svgY Ray Seigfried (Democratic) 65.1%
  • ▌Brent Burdge (Republican) 34.7%
  • ▌Write-in 0.2% [42]
House 20 Stell Parker Selby Democratic 2022 Incumbent resigned June 24, 2025, due to long-term absence following a stroke. [43]
New member elected August 5, 2025.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Green check.svgY Alonna Berry (Democratic) 50.6%
  • ▌Nikki Miller (Republican) 49.3%
  • ▌Write-in 0.1% [44]

Florida

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected		ResultsCandidates
House 3 Joel Rudman Republican 2022 Incumbent resigned January 1, 2025, to run for U.S. House. [45]
New member elected June 10, 2025.
Republican hold.
House 32 Debbie Mayfield Republican 2024 Incumbent resigned June 9, 2025, to run for State Senate. [47]
New member elected June 10, 2025.
Republican hold.
Senate 19 Randy Fine Republican 2024 Incumbent resigned March 31, 2025, to run for U.S. House. [49]
New member elected June 10, 2025.
Republican hold.
House 40 LaVon Bracy Davis Democratic 2022 Incumbent resigned September 1, 2025, to run for State Senate. [50]
New member elected September 2, 2025.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Green check.svgY RaShon Young (Democratic) 75.0%
  • ▌Tuan Le (Republican) 24.9%
  • ▌Write-in 0.1% [51]
Senate 15 Geraldine Thompson Democratic 2022 Incumbent died February 13, 2025, after complications from knee surgery. [52]
New member elected September 2, 2025.
Democratic hold.
House 90 Joseph Casello Democratic 2018 Incumbent died July 18, 2025, of a heart attack. [53]
New member to be elected December 9, 2025.
  • ▌Rob Long (Democratic) [54]
  • ▌Bill Reicherter (Republican) [55]
  • ▌Maria Zack (Republican) [55]
  • ▌Karen Yeh (Independent) [55]
Senate 11 Blaise Ingoglia Republican 2022 Incumbent resigned July 21, 2025, to become the Chief Financial Officer of Florida. [56]
New member to be elected December 9, 2025.
House 52 John Temple Republican 2022 Incumbent resigning TBD, to become the President of Lake–Sumter State College. [60]
New member to be elected TBD.		TBD
House 87 Mike Caruso Republican 2018 Incumbent resigned August 18, 2025, to become the Clerk of the Circuit Court & Comptroller of Palm Beach County. [61]
New member to be elected TBD.		TBD
Senate 14 Jay Collins Republican 2022 Incumbent resigned August 12, 2025, to become the Lieutenant Governor of Florida. [62]
New member to be elected TBD.
  • ▌Brian Nathan (Democratic) [63]

Georgia

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected		ResultsCandidates
Senate 21 Brandon Beach Republican2012Incumbent resigned May 6, 2025, to become Treasurer of the United States. [64]
New member to be elected September 23, 2025, after no one received over 50% of the vote on August 26, 2025.
  • First round:
  • ▌Orange check.svgYDebra Shigley (Democratic) 39.5%
  • ▌Orange check.svgYJason Dickerson (Republican) 17.4%
  • ▌Steve West (Republican) 17.1%
  • ▌Brian Will (Republican) 10.3%
  • ▌Brice Futch (Republican) 8.2%
  • ▌Lance Calvert (Republican) 6.7%
  • ▌Stephanie Donegan (Republican) 1.0% [65]
  • Runoff:
  • ▌Jason Dickerson (Republican)
  • ▌Debra Shigley (Democratic)
House 106 Shelly Hutchinson Democratic 2018 Incumbent resigned September 4, 2025, to take a caregiver role for an ailing family member. [66] [67]
New member to be elected November 4, 2025. [68]
  • ▌Akbar Ali (Democratic) [69]
  • ▌Marqus Cole (Democratic) [69]
Senate 35 Jason Esteves Democratic 2022 Incumbent resigned September 10, 2025, to focus on his run for governor. [70]
New member to be elected TBD.		TBD

Iowa

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected		ResultsCandidates
Senate 35 Chris Cournoyer Republican 2018 Incumbent resigned December 16, 2024, to become Lieutenant Governor of Iowa. [71]
New member elected January 28, 2025.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌Green check.svgY Mike Zimmer (Democratic) 51.7%
  • ▌Katie Whittington (Republican) 48.1%
  • ▌Write-in 0.2% [72]
House 100 Martin Graber Republican 2020 Incumbent died January 31, 2025. [73]
New member elected March 11, 2025.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Green check.svgY Blaine Watkins (Republican) 51.5%
  • ▌Nannette Griffin (Democratic) 48.2%
  • ▌Write-in 0.2% [74]
House 78 Sami Scheetz Democratic 2022 Incumbent resigned April 1, 2025, to join the Linn County Board of Supervisors. [75]
New member elected April 29, 2025.
Democratic hold.
Senate 1 Rocky De Witt Republican 2022 Incumbent died June 25, 2025, of pancreatic cancer. [77]
New member elected August 26, 2025.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌Green check.svgY Catelin Drey (Democratic) 55.2%
  • ▌Christopher Prosch (Republican) 44.8% [78]

Louisiana

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected		ResultsCandidates
Senate 14 Cleo Fields Democratic 2019 Incumbent resigned December 31, 2024, to become a U.S. representative. [79]
New member elected February 15, 2025.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Green check.svgY Larry Selders (Democratic) 62.4%
  • ▌Carolyn Hill (Democratic) 20.4%
  • ▌Quentin Anderson (Democratic) 17.3% [80]
Senate 23 Jean-Paul Coussan Republican 2023 Incumbent resigned December 31, 2024, to join the Louisiana Public Service Commission. [81]
New member elected February 15, 2025.
Republican hold.
House 45 Brach Myers Republican 2023 Incumbent resigned March 11, 2025, after being elected to the State Senate. [82]
New member elected outright after the May 3, 2025, special election was cancelled.
Republican hold.
House 67 Larry Selders Democratic2019Incumbent resigned March 11, 2025, after being elected to the State Senate. [84]
New member elected May 3, 2025.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Green check.svgY Terry Landry Jr. (Democratic) 51.8%
  • ▌Malcolm Myer (Democratic) 42.2%
  • ▌"Sonny" Marchbanks (Democratic) 6.0% [85]
Senate 3 Joseph Bouie Democratic 2019 Incumbent resigning TBD to become chancellor of Southern University at New Orleans. [86]
New member to be elected TBD.		TBD

Maine

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected		ResultsCandidates
House 24 Joe Perry Democratic2019
(special)		Incumbent resigned December 4, 2024, to become the Maine State Treasurer. [87]
New member elected February 25, 2025.
Democratic hold.

Massachusetts

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected		ResultsCandidates
House Essex 6 Jerry Parisella Democratic2010Incumbent resigned January 1, 2025, to become a District Court judge. [89]
New member elected May 13, 2025.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Green check.svgY Hannah Bowen (Democratic) 73.4%
  • ▌Medley Long III (Republican) 26.1%
  • ▌Write-in 0.5% [90] [91]
House Bristol 3 Carol Doherty Democratic2020
(special)		Incumbent died February 15, 2025, of pancreatic cancer. [92]
New member elected June 10, 2025.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Green check.svgY Lisa Field (Democratic) 50.1%
  • ▌Larry Quintal (Republican) 49.8%
  • ▌Write-in 0.2% [93] [94]

Minnesota

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected		ResultsCandidates
Senate 60 Kari Dziedzic DFL 2012
(special)		Incumbent died December 27, 2024, of ovarian cancer. [95]
New member elected January 28, 2025.
Democratic (DFL) hold.
  • ▌Green check.svgY Doron Clark (DFL) 90.9%
  • ▌Abigail Wolters (Republican) 8.7%
  • ▌Write-in 0.4% [96]
House 40B Jamie Becker-Finn DFL 2016 Incumbent's term expired January 14, 2025. Representative-elect Curtis Johnson was ruled ineligible to serve for violating Minnesota's residency requirement. [97]
New member elected March 11, 2025. [d]
Democratic (DFL) hold.
Senate 6 Justin Eichorn Republican 2016 Incumbent resigned March 20, 2025, after being arrested for soliciting a minor for sex. [100]
New member elected April 29, 2025.
Republican hold.
House 34B Melissa Hortman DFL 2004 Incumbent assassinated June 14, 2025. [102]
New member elected September 16, 2025. [103] Democratic (DFL) hold. [104]
  • ▌Green check.svgY Xp Lee (DFL) 60.8%
  • ▌Ruth Bittner (Republican) 39.1%
  • ▌ Write-in 0.1% [104]
Senate 29 Bruce Anderson Republican 2012 Incumbent died July 21, 2025. [105]
New member to be elected November 4, 2025.
  • ▌Michael Holmstrom Jr. (Republican) [106]
  • ▌Louis McNutt (DFL) [106]
Senate 47 Nicole Mitchell DFL 2022 Incumbent resigned July 25, 2025, after being convicted of burglary. [107]
New member to be elected November 4, 2025.

Mississippi

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected		ResultsCandidates
House 23 Andy Stepp Republican 2023 Incumbent died December 5, 2024. [108]
New member elected April 22, 2025 after no one received over 50% of the vote on March 25, 2025.
Republican hold.
  • First round:
  • ▌Orange check.svgY Perry Van Bailey (Nonpartisan) 40.8%
  • ▌Orange check.svgYColby Bollinger (Nonpartisan) 32.2%
  • ▌Travis Wright (Nonpartisan) 20.0%
  • ▌Andy Clark (Nonpartisan) 6.0%
  • ▌Danny Lampley (Nonpartisan) 1.0% [109]
  • Runoff:
  • ▌Green check.svgY Perry Van Bailey (Nonpartisan) 50.6%
  • ▌Colby Bollinger (Nonpartisan) 49.4% [110]
House 82 Charles Young Jr. Democratic2011Incumbent died December 19, 2024. [111]
New member elected April 22, 2025 after no one received over 50% of the vote on March 25, 2025.
Republican gain.
  • First round:
  • ▌Orange check.svgY Gregory Elliott (Nonpartisan) 40.3%
  • ▌Orange check.svgYJoe Norwood (Nonpartisan) 30.0%
  • ▌Joseph Denson (Nonpartisan) 29.7% [109]
  • Runoff:
  • ▌Green check.svgY Gregory Elliott (Nonpartisan) 65.5%
  • ▌Joe Norwood (Nonpartisan) 34.5% [110]
Senate 18 Jenifer Branning Republican2015Incumbent resigned January 6, 2025, to join the Mississippi Supreme Court. [112]
New member elected April 15, 2025.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Green check.svgY Lane Taylor (Nonpartisan) 56.9%
  • ▌Mark Forsman (Nonpartisan) 26.1%
  • ▌Lindsey Kidd (Nonpartisan) 10.9%
  • ▌Ike Melton (Nonpartisan) 3.9%
  • ▌Marty Sistrunk (Nonpartisan) 2.1% [113]
House 26 Orlando Paden Democratic2015Incumbent resigned June 30, 2025, after being elected mayor of Clarksdale. [114]
New member to be elected November 4, 2025.		TBD
Senate 24 David Lee Jordan Democratic1993Incumbent resigned June 30, 2025, to spend time with his family. [115]
New member to be elected November 4, 2025.		TBD
Senate 26 John Horhn Democratic1992Incumbent resigned June 30, 2025, after being elected mayor of Jackson. [116]
New member to be elected November 4, 2025.		TBD

Redistricting elections

Ten special elections for the Mississippi Senate and five for the Mississippi House of Representatives will be held on November 4, 2025. These special elections were called as a result of redistricting mandated by a federal court designed to increase the number of majority-Black districts in both chambers to comply with the Voting Rights Act. [117] [118]

Mississippi State Senate
PartyBeforeUpWonAfterChange
Republican 368
Democratic 162
Total52101052Steady2.svg
Mississippi House of Representatives
PartyBeforeUpWonAfterChange
Republican 772
Democratic 423
Independent 20
Total12255122Steady2.svg

Missouri

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected		ResultsCandidates
House 95 Michael O'Donnell Republican2018Incumbent resigned January 15, 2025, to become Missouri Commissioner of Securities. [119]
New member to be elected TBD.		TBD
House 114 Ken Waller Republican 2022 Incumbent died August 24, 2025. [120]
New member to be elected TBD.		TBD
House 149 Donnie Brown Republican 2022 Incumbent resigned August 21, 2025, after being appointed Southeast District Engineer at the Missouri Department of Transportation. [121]
New member to be elected TBD.		TBD
House 160 Ben Baker Republican2018Incumbent resigned May 4, 2025, to become Missouri director for USDA Rural Development. [122]
New member to be elected TBD.		TBD

New Hampshire

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected		ResultsCandidates
House Strafford 12Dawn EvansDemocratic 2024 Representative-elect resigned December 2, 2024, after moving out of her district. [123]
New member elected June 24, 2025.
Democratic hold.
House Coos 5 Brian Valerino Republican 2024 Incumbent resigned June 19, 2025, after being appointed warden of the Northern New Hampshire Correctional Facility. [125]
New member to be elected November 4, 2025. [126] [e]
House Hillsborough 24 Donald Bouchard Democratic 2022 Incumbent resigned July 21, 2025. [125]
New member to be elected TBD.		TBD

New Jersey

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected		ResultsCandidates
Senate 35 Nellie Pou Democratic 2011 Incumbent resigned January 3, 2025, to become a U.S. representative. [128]
New member to be elected November 4, 2025. [f]

New York

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected		ResultsCandidates
Senate 22 Simcha Felder Democratic 2012 Incumbent resigned April 9, 2025, to join the New York City Council. [132]
New member elected May 20, 2025.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Green check.svgY Sam Sutton (Democratic) 66.8%
  • ▌▌Nachman Caller (Republican) 32.1%
  • ▌Write-in 1.1% [133]
Assembly 115 Billy Jones Democratic 2016 Incumbent resigned August 29, 2025, for personal reasons. [134]
New member to be elected November 4, 2025.
  • ▌Michael Cashman (Democratic) [135]
  • ▌Brent Davison (Republican) [136]
  • ▌Andrea Dumas (Republican) [135]
  • ▌Bridie Farrell (Democratic) [137]

Oklahoma

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected		ResultsCandidates
Senate 8 Roger Thompson Republican2014Incumbent resigned November 1, 2024. [138]
New member elected May 13, 2025.
Republican hold.
  • ▌Green check.svgY Bryan Logan (Republican) 61.6%
  • ▌Nathan Brewer (Democratic) 29.7%
  • ▌Steve Sanford (Independent) 8.7% [139]
House 71 Amanda Swope Democratic 2022 Incumbent resigned January 28, 2025, to become director of the Tulsa Office of Tribal Policy and Partnerships. [140]
New member elected June 10, 2025.
Democratic hold.
House 74 Mark Vancuren Republican 2018 Incumbent resigned January 1, 2025, to become a Deputy Tulsa County Commissioner. [142]
New member elected June 10, 2025.
Republican hold.
House 97 Jason Lowe Democratic2016Incumbent resigned April 7, 2025, to become an Oklahoma County commissioner. [144]
New member elected June 10, 2025, after the general election was cancelled.
Democratic hold.
House 35 Ty Burns Republican 2018 Incumbent resigning October 1, 2025, after being convicted of domestic abuse. [146]
New member to be elected TBD.		TBD

Pennsylvania

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected		ResultsCandidates
House 35 Matthew Gergely Democratic 2023
(special) 		Incumbent died January 19, 2025, after suffering a medical emergency. [147]
New member elected March 25, 2025.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Green check.svgY Dan Goughnour (Democratic) 63.4%
  • ▌Charles Davis (Republican) 35.0%
  • ▌Adam Kitta (Libertarian) 1.6% [148]
Senate 36 Ryan Aument Republican 2014 Incumbent resigned December 31, 2024, to become state director for U.S. Senator Dave McCormick. [149]
New member elected March 25, 2025.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌Green check.svgY James Malone (Democratic) 50.0%
  • ▌Josh Parsons (Republican) 49.1%
  • ▌Zachary Moore (Libertarian) 0.9% [150]

Puerto Rico

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected		ResultsCandidates
House 31 Vimarie Peña Dávila New Progressive Party 2024 Incumbent resigned August 18, 2025, after being elected mayor of Gurabo. [151]
New member to be elected September 28, 2025. [152]
  • ▌Roberto López (New Progressive)
  • ▌José Cabán (New Progressive)
  • ▌Alberto Fradera (New Progressive)
  • ▌Ana Margarita Ruíz Ramos (New Progressive)
  • ▌Michael López Saldaña (New Progressive) [153]

Rhode Island

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.SenatorPartyFirst
elected		ResultsCandidates
Senate 4 Dominick J. Ruggerio Democratic1984Incumbent died April 21, 2025, of cancer. [154]
New member elected August 5, 2025.
Democratic hold.

South Carolina

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected		ResultsCandidates
House 113 Marvin R. Pendarvis Democratic2017
(special)		Incumbent resigned September 16, 2024, after having his law license suspended. [156]
New member elected March 25, 2025.
Democratic hold.
House 50 Will Wheeler Democratic2017
(special)		Incumbent resigned January 17, 2025, to run for the South Carolina Circuit Court. [158]
New member elected June 3, 2025.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Green check.svgY Keishan Scott (Democratic) 70.6%
  • ▌Bill Oden (Republican) 29.3%
  • ▌Write-in 0.1% [159]
House 21 Bobby Cox Republican 2018 Incumbent resigning in January 2026, to run for State Senate. [160] [g]
New member to be elected December 23, 2025.
  • ▌Reggy Baston (Republican) [162]
  • ▌Dianne Mitchell (Republican) [162]
  • ▌Steve Nail (Republican) [162]
  • ▌Jack Stott (Republican) [162]
House 88 RJ May Republican 2020 Incumbent resigned August 11, 2025, after being indicted for possessing and distributing child sexual abuse material.
New member to be elected December 23, 2025. [163]
  • ▌Brian Duncan (Republican) [163]
  • ▌Lorelei Graye (Republican) [164]
  • ▌Chuck Hightower (Democratic) [164]
  • ▌John Lastinger (Republican) [164]
  • ▌Darren Rogers Sr. (Republican) [164]
Senate 12 Roger Nutt Republican 2024 Incumbent resigning in January 2026, after being diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. [160]
New member to be elected December 23, 2025.
  • ▌Hope Blackley (Republican) [165]
  • ▌Justin Bradley (Republican) [162]
  • ▌ Lee Bright (Republican) [160]
  • ▌Sundra Proctor Smith (Democratic) [162]

Texas

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected		ResultsCandidates
Senate 9 Kelly Hancock Republican 2012 Incumbent resigned June 19, 2025, to become chief clerk of the Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts office. [166]
New member to be elected November 4, 2025. [167]
Senate 4 Brandon Creighton Republican2014
(special)		Incumbent resigning TBD, to become chancellor of Texas Tech University. [168]
New member to be elected TBD.		TBD

Virginia

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected		ResultsCandidates
House 26 Kannan Srinivasan Democratic 2023 Incumbent resigned January 7, 2025, to run for State Senate. [169]
New member elected January 7, 2025.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌Green check.svgY JJ Singh (Democratic) 62.3%
  • ▌Ram Venkatachalam (Republican) 37.5% [170]
Senate 10 John McGuire Republican 2023 Incumbent resigned December 11, 2024, to become a U.S. representative. [171]
New member elected January 7, 2025.
Republican hold.
Senate 32 Suhas Subramanyam Democratic 2023 Incumbent resigned November 11, 2024, to become a U.S. representative. [172]
New member elected January 7, 2025.
Democratic hold.
House 33 Todd Gilbert Republican 2005 Incumbent resigned July 14, 2025, after being appointed as interim U.S. attorney for the Western District of Virginia. [173]
New member to be elected TBD.		TBD

Washington

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected		ResultsCandidates
House 33
Position 1		 Tina Orwall Democratic 2008 Incumbent resigned December 10, 2024, after being appointed to the State Senate. [174]
New member to be elected November 4, 2025. [h]
Democratic hold.
House 34
Position 1		 Emily Alvarado Democratic 2022 Incumbent resigned January 21, 2025, after being appointed to the State Senate. [176]
New member to be elected November 4, 2025. [i]
Democratic hold.
House 41
Position 1		 Tana Senn Democratic2013
(appointed)		Incumbent resigned January 15, 2025, to lead the Washington Department of Children, Youth, and Families. [178]
New member to be elected November 4, 2025. [j]
House 48
Position 1		 Vandana Slatter Democratic2017
(appointed)		Incumbent resigned January 7, 2025, after being appointed to the State Senate. [180]
New member to be elected November 4, 2025. [k]
Senate 5 Bill Ramos Democratic 2024 Incumbent died April 19, 2025. [181]
New member to be elected November 4, 2025. [l]
Senate 26 Emily Randall Democratic 2018 Incumbent resigned December 8, 2024, to become a U.S. representative. [183]
New member to be elected November 4, 2025. [m]
Senate 33 Karen Keiser Democratic2001
(appointed)		Incumbent resigned December 10, 2024. [183]
New member to be elected November 4, 2025. [n]
Democratic hold.
Senate 34 Joe Nguyen Democratic 2018 Incumbent resigned January 15, 2025, to lead the Washington State Department of Commerce. [185]
New member to be elected November 4, 2025. [o]
Democratic hold.
Senate 48 Patty Kuderer Democratic2017
(appointed)		Incumbent resigned January 7, 2025, after being elected as Washington State Insurance Commissioner. [183]
New member to be elected November 4, 2025. [p]
Democratic hold.

Notes

  1. 1 2 The Minnesota House of Representatives is tied, so it is not counted towards either total.
  2. ↑ A coalition of 14 Democrats, 5 Independents, and 2 Republicans controls the Alaska House of Representatives. A coalition of 9 Democrats and 5 Republicans controls the Alaska Senate. [1]
  3. ↑ In the 2024 election, Fong filed to run for re-election to his Assembly seat and also filed to run for U.S. House. He resigned his Assembly seat on May 24 after winning a special election for the U.S. House seat three days earlier. Fong attempted to withdraw from the State Assembly race, but per California law, his name could not be removed from the ballot. Despite unofficially dropping out of the race, Fong was re-elected to his State Assembly seat in the November 2024 general election, necessitating a special election. [27]
  4. ↑ Governor Tim Walz previously scheduled the special election for January 28. However, the Minnesota Supreme Court ruled that it was called prematurely, prompting its rescheduling. [98]
  5. ↑ September 16, 2025 if only one candidate files from each party.
  6. ↑ Benjie Wimberly was appointed as interim senator by members of the Bergen County and Passaic County Democratic Committees on January 16, 2025. [129]
  7. ↑ Cox has since withdrawn from the State Senate race, but he is still resigning from the State House. [161]
  8. ↑ Edwin Obras was appointed as interim representative by the King County Council on December 11, 2024. [174]
  9. ↑ Brianna Thomas was appointed as interim representative by the King County Council on January 21, 2025. [176]
  10. ↑ Janice Zahn was appointed as interim representative by the King County Council on January 21, 2025. [179]
  11. ↑ Osman Salahuddin was appointed as interim representative by the King County Council on January 7, 2025. [180]
  12. ↑ Victoria Hunt was appointed as interim senator by the King County Council on June 3, 2025. [182]
  13. ↑ Deborah Krishnadasan was appointed as interim senator by the Kitsap County Board of County Commissioners and Pierce County Council on December 11, 2024. [184]
  14. ↑ Tina Orwall was appointed as interim senator by the King County Council on December 11, 2024. [174]
  15. ↑ Emily Alvarado was appointed as interim senator by the King County Council on January 21, 2025. [176]
  16. ↑ Vandana Slatter was appointed as interim senator by the King County Council on January 7, 2025. [180]

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  150. ↑ "2025 Special Election 36th Senatorial District (Unofficial Returns)" . Retrieved March 25, 2025.
  151. ↑ "Peña Dávila resigns House seat to assume duties as Gurabo mayor". The San Juan Daily Star. August 20, 2025. Retrieved September 2, 2025.
  152. ↑ "Elección Especial para cubrir la vacante de Representante Distrito 31" (in Spanish). Retrieved September 2, 2025.
  153. ↑ "Papeleta modelo para Elección Especial para cubrir la vacante de Representante Distrito 31" (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved September 5, 2025.
  154. ↑ Donnis, Ian (April 21, 2025). "RI Senate President Dominick Ruggerio, 76, has died". The Public's Radio . Retrieved April 21, 2025.
  155. ↑ "Special Election Senate District 4 and Coventry Town Council Districts 3 and 5". Rhode Island Board of Elections. August 5, 2025. Retrieved August 6, 2025.
  156. ↑ Kenmore, Abraham (September 19, 2024). "State Rep. Marvin Pendarvis resigns amid accusations from a former client". South Carolina Daily Gazette . Retrieved November 18, 2024.
  157. ↑ "State House of Representatives, District 113". March 25, 2025 Election Night Reporting. Retrieved March 26, 2025.
  158. ↑ Laird, Skylar (January 16, 2025). "SC House Democrat unexpectedly resigns after easily winning a 5th term". South Carolina Daily Gazette . Retrieved January 21, 2025.
  159. ↑ "State House of Representatives, District 50" . Retrieved June 3, 2025.
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  161. ↑ Nolan, Dylan (August 29, 2025). "Bobby Cox Abruptly Suspends S.C. Senate Campaign". FITSNews . Retrieved September 8, 2025.
  162. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Carpentier, Bella (September 9, 2025). "Primaries coming up in October, here are candidates vying for Upstate legislative seats". GoUpstate. Retrieved September 9, 2025.
  163. 1 2 Laird, Skyler (August 11, 2025). "SC legislator charged with distributing videos of child sexual abuse resigns from jail". News From The States. Retrieved August 12, 2025.
  164. 1 2 3 4 Bustos, Joseph (September 8, 2025). "Who wants to finish RJ May's SC House term? Here's who filed in Lexington County". The State. Retrieved September 9, 2025.
  165. ↑ Martin, Isabel (August 14, 2025). "Fmr. Spartanburg Co. Clerk of Court announces run for SC Senate". WCBD-TV . Retrieved September 8, 2025.
  166. ↑ "Texas Comptroller Glenn Hegar Welcomes Former Texas State Sen. Kelly Hancock to Comptroller's Office". Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts . June 19, 2025. Retrieved June 28, 2025. Texas Comptroller Glenn Hegar today administered the oath of office to former state Sen. Kelly Hancock (R-Fort Worth), naming him Chief Clerk of the Texas Comptroller's office. In this role, Hancock will assume the responsibilities of Acting Comptroller effective July 1, 2025.
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  168. ↑ Priest, Jessica (August 31, 2025). "State Sen. Brandon Creighton named sole finalist for Texas Tech chancellor". The Texas Tribune . Retrieved September 13, 2025.
  169. ↑ Pampaloni, Hanna (November 18, 2024). "Srinivasan Resigns, Parties Prepare for Second Special Election". LoudounNow. Retrieved November 19, 2024.
  170. 1 2 3 "Virginia State Legislature Special Election Results". New York Times. January 7, 2025. Retrieved January 8, 2025.
  171. ↑ Beyer, Elizabeth (December 12, 2024). "Special election date set for Senate District 10 after McGuire formally resigns" . Retrieved December 15, 2024.
  172. ↑ "Special election scheduled for Jan. 7, 2025, to fill vacant Virginia Senate seat". WUSA. November 12, 2024. Retrieved November 19, 2024.
  173. ↑ Fitzmaurice, Ryan (July 14, 2025). "Gilbert sworn in as interim U.S. Attorney; GOP committee to choose replacement July 29". Northern Virginia Daily . Retrieved July 14, 2025.
  174. 1 2 3 Demkovich, Laurel (December 11, 2024). "Replacement picked for longtime Washington state senator". The Chronicle . Retrieved December 13, 2024.
  175. 1 2 Sowersby, Shauna; Brunner, Jim (August 5, 2025). "WA Legislature primary: Results set up competitive races this fall". The Seattle Times . Retrieved August 19, 2025.
  176. 1 2 3 Jimenez Romero, Jacquelyn (January 22, 2025). "Replacements picked for two WA legislators who took jobs in Ferguson's administration". Washington State Standard . Retrieved January 27, 2025.
  177. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 "Certification of Candidates to Primary Election 2025" (PDF). Retrieved May 17, 2025.
  178. ↑ Carter, Simone (December 22, 2024). "Gov.-elect Ferguson names Tana Senn director of Department of Children, Youth and Families". The Olympian . Retrieved January 3, 2025.
  179. ↑ "Zahn appointed to LD 41 seat". Mercer Island Reporter . January 22, 2025. Retrieved January 22, 2025.
  180. 1 2 3 Villeneuve, Andrew (January 7, 2025). "King County Council appoints Vandana Slatter to the Washington State Senate, Osman Salahuddin to the State House in 48th LD" . Retrieved January 21, 2025.
  181. ↑ Sowersby, Shauna (April 20, 2025). "WA Sen. Bill Ramos dies suddenly at 69". The Seattle Times . Retrieved April 20, 2025.
  182. ↑ Sowersby, Shauna (June 4, 2025). "King County Council appoints Victoria Hunt, Zach Hall to legislative roles". The Seattle Times . Retrieved June 4, 2025.
  183. 1 2 3 Demkovich, Laurel (November 22, 2024). "Three WA Senate Democrats are leaving their jobs. Here's what happens next". Washington State Standard . Retrieved November 25, 2024.
  184. ↑ Demkovich, Laurel (December 11, 2024). "Gig Harbor education leader to become WA's newest Democratic state senator". Washington State Standard . Retrieved December 15, 2024.
  185. ↑ Schaefer, Scott (December 27, 2024). "Sen. Joe Nguyễn appointed as Washington State Commerce Director". B-Town Blog. Retrieved January 3, 2025.
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