Minnesota House of Representatives

Minnesota House of Representatives
94th Minnesota Legislature
Type
Type	Lower house of the Minnesota Legislature
Term limits	None
History
New session started	January 14, 2025 (2025-01-14)
Leadership
Speaker	Lisa Demuth (R) since February 6, 2025
Speaker pro tempore	Bjorn Olson (R) since February 6, 2025
Majority Leader	Harry Niska (R) since February 6, 2025
DFL Caucus Leader	Melissa Hortman (DFL) since March 17, 2025
Structure
Seats	134
Political groups	Republican (67)   DFL (67)
Length of term	2 years
Authority	Article IV, Minnesota Constitution
Salary	$51,750/year + per diem [1]
Elections
Voting system	First-past-the-post
Last election	November 5, 2024
Next election	November 3, 2026
Redistricting	Legislative control
Meeting place
House of Representatives chamber Minnesota State Capitol Saint Paul, Minnesota
Website
www.house.mn.gov
Rules
23–24 Permanent Rules of the House

The Minnesota House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the U.S. state of Minnesota's legislature. It operates in conjunction with the Minnesota Senate, the state's upper chamber, to write and pass legislation, which is then subject to approval by the governor of Minnesota.

Established in 1858, the Minnesota House of Representatives has 134 members elected from single-member districts across the state. Representatives serve two-year terms without term limits, with all seats up for election every two years. The House is led by the Speaker, who is elected by members of the House, while political party leadership is governed by the Majority and Minority Leaders.

The Minnesota House of Representatives meets in the north wing of the State Capitol in Saint Paul. Member and staff offices, as well as most committee hearings, are in the nearby State Office Building.

History

The Minnesota House of Representatives was officially established on May 11, 1858, when Minnesota was admitted as the 32nd state in the Union. It replaced the Minnesota Territorial Legislature. It was formed alongside the Minnesota Senate to create the Minnesota State Legislature, the bicameral legislative body of the state.

In 1913, Minnesota legislators began to be elected on nonpartisan ballots. While campaigning and caucusing, legislators identified themselves as "Liberals" or "Conservatives." In 1973, a law change brought party designations back, beginning with the 1974 Minnesota House of Representatives election. ^[2]

After the Nineteenth Amendment was ratified in 1920, women were eligible for election to the legislature. In 1922, Mabeth Hurd Paige, Hannah Kempfer, Sue Metzger Dickey Hough, and Myrtle Cain were elected to the House of Representatives. ^[3] As of 2023, a record-high 54 women serve in the House. ^[4]

Elections

Each Senate district is divided in half and given the suffix A or B (for example, House district 32B is in Senate district 32). Members are elected to two-year terms. ^[5] Districts are redrawn after the decennial United States Census in time for the primary and general elections in years ending in 2. The most recent election was on November 5, 2024.

Composition

94th Minnesota Legislature (2025–2027)

	Party (Shading indicates majority caucus)		Total	Vacant
	Democratic– Farmer–Labor	Republican
End of the previous Legislature	69	64	133	1
Start 2025	66	67	133	1 [nb 1]
March 17, 2025	67	67	134	0
Latest voting share	50%	50%

Members, 2025-2027

House districts by party after 2024 election

  DFL

  Republican

The 94th Minnesota Legislature began on January 14, 2025. 67 representatives were elected to each major party, the second ever tie in the Minnesota House. ^[8] After the election of Curtis Johnson (District 40B) was nullified in court, ^[6] the session began with 67 Republican members, while the 66 elected DFL members sat out in an effort to deny quorum. ^[9] On March 11, 2025, David Gottfried (DFL) was elected to the seat, restoring the 67-67 tie. ^[10] After Gottfried was seated, Melissa Hortman was granted the title of "DFL Leader" instead of "Minority Leader," and the two parties entered into a power-sharing agreement. ^[11]

District		Name	Party		Residence	First elected
1	A	John Burkel		Republican	Badger	2020
	B	Steve Gander		Republican	East Grand Forks	2024
2	A	Bidal Duran Jr.		Republican	Bemidji	2024
	B	Matt Bliss		Republican	Pennington	2016
3	A	Roger Skraba		Republican	Ely	2022
	B	Natalie Zeleznikar		Republican	Fredenberg Township	2022
4	A	Heather Keeler		DFL	Moorhead	2020
	B	Jim Joy		Republican	Hawley	2022
5	A	Krista Knudsen		Republican	Lake Shore	2022
	B	Mike Wiener		Republican	Long Prairie	2022
6	A	Ben Davis		Republican	Merrifield	2022
	B	Josh Heintzeman		Republican	Nisswa	2014
7	A	Spencer Igo		Republican	Grand Rapids	2020
	B	Cal Warwas		Republican	Eveleth	2024
8	A	Peter Johnson		DFL	Duluth	2024
	B	Alicia Kozlowski		DFL	Duluth	2022
9	A	Jeff Backer		Republican	Browns Valley	2014
	B	Tom Murphy		Republican	Underwood	2022
10	A	Ron Kresha		Republican	Little Falls	2012
	B	Isaac Schultz		Republican	Elmdale Township	2022
11	A	Jeff Dotseth		Republican	Kettle River	2022
	B	Nathan Nelson		Republican	Hinckley	2019 [nb 2]
12	A	Paul Anderson		Republican	Starbuck	2008
	B	Mary Franson		Republican	Alexandria	2010
13	A	Lisa Demuth		Republican	Cold Spring	2018
	B	Tim O'Driscoll		Republican	Sartell	2010
14	A	Bernie Perryman		Republican	St. Augusta	2022
	B	Dan Wolgamott		DFL	St. Cloud	2018
15	A	Chris Swedzinski		Republican	Ghent	2010
	B	Paul Torkelson		Republican	Hanska	2008
16	A	Scott Van Binsbergen		Republican	Montevideo	2024
	B	Dave Baker		Republican	Willmar	2014
17	A	Dawn Gillman		Republican	Dassel	2022
	B	Bobbie Harder		Republican	Henderson	2022
18	A	Erica Schwartz		Republican	Nicollet	2024
	B	Luke Frederick		DFL	Mankato	2020
19	A	Keith Allen		Republican	Kenyon	2024
	B	Thomas Sexton		Republican	Waseca	2024
20	A	Pam Altendorf		Republican	Red Wing	2022
	B	Steven Jacob		Republican	Altura	2022
21	A	Joe Schomacker		Republican	Luverne	2010
	B	Marj Fogelman		Republican	Fulda	2022
22	A	Bjorn Olson		Republican	Elmore	2020
	B	Terry Stier		Republican	Belle Plaine	2024
23	A	Peggy Bennett		Republican	Albert Lea	2014
	B	Patricia Mueller		Republican	Austin	2020
24	A	Duane Quam		Republican	Byron	2010
	B	Tina Liebling		DFL	Rochester	2004
25	A	Kim Hicks		DFL	Rochester	2022
	B	Andy Smith		DFL	Rochester	2022
26	A	Aaron Repinski		Republican	Winona	2024
	B	Greg Davids		Republican	Preston	1991 [nb 3]
27	A	Shane Mekeland		Republican	Clear Lake	2018
	B	Bryan Lawrence		Republican	Princeton	2024 [nb 2]
28	A	Jimmy Gordon		Republican	Isanti	2024
	B	Max Rymer		Republican	North Branch	2024
29	A	Joe McDonald		Republican	Delano	2010
	B	Marion O'Neill		Republican	Maple Lake	2012
30	A	Walter Hudson		Republican	Albertville	2022
	B	Paul Novotny		Republican	Elk River	2020 [nb 2]
31	A	Harry Niska		Republican	Ramsey	2022
	B	Peggy Scott		Republican	Andover	2008
32	A	Nolan West		Republican	Blaine	2016
	B	Matt Norris		DFL	Blaine	2022
33	A	Patti Anderson		Republican	Dellwood	2022
	B	Josiah Hill		DFL	Stillwater	2022
34	A	Danny Nadeau		Republican	Rogers	2022
	B	Melissa Hortman		DFL	Brooklyn Park	2004
35	A	Zack Stephenson		DFL	Coon Rapids	2018
	B	Kari Rehrauer		DFL	Coon Rapids	2024
36	A	Elliott Engen		Republican	White Bear Township	2022
	B	Brion Curran		DFL	Vadnais Heights	2022
37	A	Kristin Robbins		Republican	Maple Grove	2018
	B	Kristin Bahner		DFL	Maple Grove	2018
38	A	Huldah Hiltsley		DFL	Brooklyn Park	2024
	B	Samantha Vang		DFL	Brooklyn Center	2018
39	A	Erin Koegel		DFL	Spring Lake Park	2016
	B	Sandra Feist		DFL	New Brighton	2020
40	A	Kelly Moller		DFL	Shoreview	2018
	B	David Gottfried		DFL	Shoreview	2025 [nb 2]
41	A	Wayne Johnson		Republican	Cottage Grove	2024
	B	Tom Dippel		Republican	Cottage Grove	2024
42	A	Ned Carroll		DFL	Plymouth	2022
	B	Ginny Klevorn		DFL	Plymouth	2018
43	A	Cedrick Frazier		DFL	New Hope	2020
	B	Mike Freiberg		DFL	Golden Valley	2012
44	A	Peter Fischer		DFL	Maplewood	2012
	B	Leon Lillie		DFL	North St. Paul	2004
45	A	Andrew Myers		Republican	Minnetonka Beach	2022
	B	Patty Acomb		DFL	Minnetonka	2018
46	A	Larry Kraft		DFL	St. Louis Park	2022
	B	Cheryl Youakim		DFL	Hopkins	2014
47	A	Amanda Hemmingsen-Jaeger		DFL	Woodbury	2022
	B	Ethan Cha		DFL	Woodbury	2022
48	A	Jim Nash		Republican	Waconia	2014
	B	Lucy Rehm		DFL	Chanhassen	2022
49	A	Alex Falconer		DFL	Eden Prairie	2016
	B	Carlie Kotyza-Witthuhn		DFL	Eden Prairie	2018
50	A	Julie Greene		DFL	Edina	2024
	B	Steve Elkins		DFL	Bloomington	2018
51	A	Michael Howard		DFL	Richfield	2018
	B	Nathan Coulter		DFL	Bloomington	2022
52	A	Liz Reyer		DFL	Eagan	2020
	B	Bianca Virnig		DFL	Eagan	2023 [nb 2]
53	A	Mary Frances Clardy		DFL	Inver Grove Heights	2022
	B	Rick Hansen		DFL	South St. Paul	2004
54	A	Brad Tabke		DFL	Shakopee	2018 [nb 4]
	B	Ben Bakeberg		Republican	Jordan	2022
55	A	Jessica Hanson		DFL	Burnsville	2020
	B	Kaela Berg		DFL	Burnsville	2020
56	A	Robert Bierman		DFL	Apple Valley	2018
	B	John Huot		DFL	Rosemount	2018
57	A	Jon Koznick		Republican	Lakeville	2014
	B	Jeff Witte		Republican	Lakeville	2022
58	A	Kristi Pursell		DFL	Northfield	2022
	B	Drew Roach		Republican	Farmington	2024
59	A	Fue Lee		DFL	Minneapolis	2016
	B	Esther Agbaje		DFL	Minneapolis	2020
60	A	Sydney Jordan		DFL	Minneapolis	2020 [nb 2]
	B	Mohamud Noor		DFL	Minneapolis	2018
61	A	Katie Jones		DFL	Minneapolis	2024
	B	Jamie Long		DFL	Minneapolis	2018
62	A	Anquam Mahamoud		DFL	Minneapolis	2024
	B	Aisha Gomez		DFL	Minneapolis	2018
63	A	Samantha Sencer-Mura		DFL	Minneapolis	2022
	B	Emma Greenman		DFL	Minneapolis	2020
64	A	Kaohly Her		DFL	Saint Paul	2018
	B	Dave Pinto		DFL	Saint Paul	2014
65	A	Samakab Hussein		DFL	Saint Paul	2022
	B	María Isa Pérez-Vega		DFL	Saint Paul	2022
66	A	Leigh Finke		DFL	Saint Paul	2022
	B	Athena Hollins		DFL	Saint Paul	2020
67	A	Liz Lee		DFL	Saint Paul	2022
	B	Jay Xiong		DFL	Saint Paul	2018

Historical composition

DFL    R
1986	83 51
1988	81 53
1990	80 54
1992	87 47
1994	71 63
1996	70 64
1998	63 71
2000	65 69
2002	52 82
2004	66 68
2006	85 49
2008	87 47
2010	62 72
2012	73 61
2014	62 72
2016	57 77
2018	75 59
2020	70 64
2022	70 64
2024	67 67

Past notable members

U.S. senators from Minnesota

• Wendell R. Anderson, U.S. senator from Minnesota (1976–1978); 33rd governor of Minnesota (1971–1976)
• Cushman Kellogg Davis, U.S. senator from Minnesota (1887–1900); 7th governor of Minnesota (1874–1876)
• Alonzo J. Edgerton, U.S. senator from Minnesota (1881–1881)
• Magnus Johnson, U.S. senator from Minnesota (1923–1925); U.S. representative from Minnesota's general ticket Seat Five district (1933–1935)
• Ernest Lundeen, U.S. senator from Minnesota (1937–1940); U.S. representative from Minnesota's 3rd district (1917–1919); U.S. representative from Minnesota's general ticket Seat Eight district (1933–1935); U.S. representative from Minnesota's 3rd district (1935–1937)
• Dwight M. Sabin, U.S. senator from Minnesota (1883–1889); Chair of the Republican National Committee (1883–1884)
• William D. Washburn, U.S. senator from Minnesota (1889–1895); U.S. representative from Minnesota's 3rd district (1879–1883) and 4th district (1883–1885)

Governors of Minnesota

• Wendell R. Anderson, U.S. senator from Minnesota (1976–1978); 33rd governor of Minnesota (1971–1976)
• Joseph A. A. Burnquist, 19th governor of Minnesota (1915–1921); 20th lieutenant governor of Minnesota (1913–1915); 21st attorney general of Minnesota (1939–1955)
• Arne Carlson, 37th governor of Minnesota (1991–1999); 14th auditor of Minnesota (1979–1991)
• Cushman Kellogg Davis, U.S. senator from Minnesota (1887–1900); 7th governor of Minnesota (1874–1876)
• William Rush Merriam, 11th governor of Minnesota (1889–1893)
• Stephen Miller, 4th governor of Minnesota (1864–1866)
• Tim Pawlenty, 39th governor of Minnesota (2003–2011)
• Hjalmar Petersen, 23rd governor of Minnesota (1936–1937); 28th lieutenant governor of Minnesota
• Samuel Rinnah Van Sant, 15th governor of Minnesota (1901–1905)

Lieutenant governors of Minnesota

• Henry M. Arens, 26th lieutenant governor of Minnesota (1931–1933); U.S. representative from Minnesota's General Ticket Seat One district (1933–1935)
• Thomas H. Armstrong, 5th lieutenant governor of Minnesota (1866–1870)
• Alphonso Barto; 7th lieutenant governor of Minnesota (1874–1876)
• Frank A. Day, 13th lieutenant governor of Minnesota (1895–1897)
• Ignatius L. Donnelly, 2nd lieutenant governor of Minnesota (1860–1863); U.S. representative from Minnesota's 2nd district (1863–1869)
• Peggy Flanagan, 50th lieutenant governor of Minnesota (2019–present)
• John L. Gibbs, 14th lieutenant governor of Minnesota (1897–1899)
• Charles A. Gilman, 9th lieutenant governor of Minnesota (1880–1887)
• Samuel Y. Gordon, 19th lieutenant governor of Minnesota (1911–1913)
• Carol Molnau, 46th lieutenant governor of Minnesota (2003–2011)
• William I. Nolan, 26th lieutenant governor of Minnesota (1925–1929); U.S. representative from Minnesota's 5th district (1929–1933)
• Charles D. Sherwood, 4th lieutenant governor of Minnesota (1864–1866)
• Konrad K. Solberg, 27th lieutenant governor of Minnesota (1933–1935)
• James Wakefield, 9th lieutenant governor of Minnesota (1876–1880); U.S. representative from Minnesota's 2nd district (1883–1887)
• William H. Yale, 6th lieutenant governor of Minnesota (1870–1874)

Attorneys general of Minnesota

• Joseph A. A. Burnquist, 19th governor of Minnesota (1915–1921); 20th lieutenant governor of Minnesota (1913–1915); 21st attorney general of Minnesota (1939–1955)
• Gordon E. Cole, 2nd attorney general of Minnesota (1860–1866)
• William J. Colvill, 3rd attorney general of Minnesota (1866–1888); Union colonel during the U.S. Civil War (1861–1863)
• Francis R. E. Cornell, 4th attorney general of Minnesota (1868–1874)
• Wallace B. Douglas, 10th attorney general of Minnesota (1899–1904)
• Keith Ellison, 30th attorney general of Minnesota (2019–present); U.S. representative from Minnesota's 5th district (2007–2019); deputy chair of the Democratic National Committee (2017–2018)
• Douglas M. Head, 25th attorney general of Minnesota (1967–1971)
• Albert F. Pratt, 16th attorney general of Minnesota (1927–1928)
• George P. Wilson, 5th attorney general of Minnesota (1874–1880)
• Edward T. Young 12th attorney general of Minnesota (1905–1909)

Treasurers of Minnesota

• Joseph Bobleter, 8th treasurer of Minnesota (1887–1895)
• Carl A. Halverson, 18th treasurer of Minnesota (1937–1939)
• August T. Koerner, 9th treasurer of Minnesota (1895–1901)
• Emil D. Munch, 3rd treasurer of Minnesota (1868–1872)
• William Pfaender, 6th treasurer of Minnesota (1876–1880)
• Henry Rines 15th treasurer of Minnesota (1917–1925)
• Edward W. Stark, 16th treasurer of Minnesota (1925–1927)

U.S. representatives from Minnesota

• Henry M. Arens, 26th lieutenant governor of Minnesota (1931–1933); U.S. representative from Minnesota's General Ticket Seat One district (1933–1935)
• Ignatius L. Donnelly, 2nd lieutenant governor of Minnesota (1860–1863); U.S. representative from Minnesota's 2nd district (1863–1869)
• Keith Ellison, 30th attorney general of Minnesota (2019–present); U.S. representative from Minnesota's 5th district (2007–2019); deputy chair of the Democratic National Committee (2017–2018)
• Tom Emmer, U.S. House of Representatives majority whip (2023–present); chair of the National Republican Congressional Committee (2019–2023); U.S. representative from Minnesota's 6th district (2015–present)
• Arlen Erdahl, 18th secretary of state of Minnesota (1971–1975); U.S. representative from Minnesota's 1st district (1979–1983)
• Brad Finstad, U.S. representative from Minnesota's 1st district (2022–present)
• Gil Gutknecht, U.S. representative from Minnesota's 1st district (1995–2007)
• Magnus Johnson, U.S. senator from Minnesota (1923–1925); U.S. representative from Minnesota's general ticket Seat Five district (1933–1935)
• Ernest Lundeen, U.S. senator from Minnesota (1937–1940); U.S. representative from Minnesota's 3rd district (1917–1919); U.S. representative from Minnesota's general ticket Seat Eight district (1933–1935); U.S. representative from Minnesota's 3rd district (1935–1937)
• Betty McCollum, U.S. representative from Minnesota's 4th district (2001–present)
• Rick Nolan, U.S. representative from Minnesota's 8th district (2013–2019); 6th district (1975–1981)
• William I. Nolan, 26th lieutenant governor of Minnesota (1925–1929); U.S. representative from Minnesota's 5th district (1929–1933)
• Ilhan Omar, U.S. representative from Minnesota's 5th district (2019–present)
• Erik Paulsen, U.S. representative from Minnesota's 3rd district (2009–2019)
• James Wakefield, 9th lieutenant governor of Minnesota (1876–1880); U.S. representative from Minnesota's 2nd district (1883–1887)
• William D. Washburn, U.S. senator from Minnesota (1889–1895); U.S. representative from Minnesota's 3rd district (1879–1883) and 4th district (1883–1885)
• Thomas Wilson, U.S. representative from Minnesota's 1st district (1887–1889); Chief justice of the supreme court of Minnesota (1865–1869); associate justice of the supreme court of Minnesota (1864–1865)

Others

• Francis Baasen, 1st secretary of state of Minnesota (1858–1860)
• Robert C. Dunn, 6th auditor of Minnesota (1895–1903)
• Joan Growe, 19th secretary of state of Minnesota (1975–1999)
• Samuel G. Iverson, 7th auditor of Minnesota (1903–1915)
• Mary Kiffmeyer, 20th secretary of state of Minnesota (1999–2007)
• William O'Brien, 11th auditor of Minnesota (1969–1971)
• Rebecca Otto, 18th auditor of Minnesota (2007–2019)
• Steve Simon, 22nd secretary of state of Minnesota (2015–present)

See also

• Minnesota Senate
• Minnesota Legislature
• Past composition of the House of Representatives
• Political party strength in Minnesota
• List of speakers of the Minnesota House of Representatives
• List of Minnesota state legislatures

Notes

1. After the election of Curtis Johnson was successfully challenged in court due to residency requirements, there is a vacancy in district 40B, ^[6] to be filled March 11. ^[7]
2. Elected in a special election. ^[12]
3. Elected in a special election. Lost re-election in 2006. Elected again in 2008.
4. Lost re-election in 2020. Elected again in 2022.

References

1. "Frequently Asked Questions - Representatives and Senators - Minnesota Legislature".
2. "Party Control of the Minnesota House of Representatives - Minnesota Legislative Reference Library". www.lrl.mn.gov. Retrieved February 17, 2023.
3. "Women Wielding Power: Pioneer Female State Legislators". National Women's History Museum. Archived from the original on June 4, 2011. Retrieved March 29, 2012.
4. "Women in the Legislature Over Time - Tables". www.lrl.mn.gov. Retrieved February 17, 2023.
5. "Minn. Const. art. IV, § 4". Constitution of the State of Minnesota. Retrieved January 24, 2013.
6. Jacobsen, Jeremiah (December 20, 2024). "Roseville election ruling shakes up control of Minnesota legislature". KARE-TV . Retrieved December 20, 2024.
7. Ferguson, Dana (February 5, 2025). "Walz sets special election for seat in suburban Ramsey County that will decide House power". Minnesota Public Radio. Retrieved February 5, 2025.
8. "The year the House was tied, and how the two parties made peace … until they didn't - Session Daily - Minnesota House of Representatives". www.house.mn.gov. Retrieved November 8, 2024.
9. Bierschbach, Briana; Olson, Rochelle; Faircloth, Ryan (January 14, 2025). "Minnesota House Democrats boycott first day of session, but Republicans move forward anyway". Star Tribune. Retrieved January 15, 2025.
10. Karnowski, Steve (March 11, 2025). "Democrat David Gottfried easily wins Minnesota House special election, restoring a 67-67 power split". Associated Press . Retrieved March 12, 2025.
11. https://www.house.mn.gov/members/leadership
12. "Party Control of the Minnesota House of Representatives, 1951–present". Minnesota Legislative Reference Library. Archived from the original on November 9, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.

External links

• Official website

44°57′20″N93°6′8″W / 44.95556°N 93.10222°W / 44.95556; -93.10222