Political party strength in Minnesota

The following table indicates the party of elected officials in the U.S. state of Minnesota:

• Governor
• Lieutenant Governor
• Secretary of State
• Attorney General
• State Auditor
• State Treasurer (before 2003)

The table also indicates the historical party composition in the:

• State Senate
• State House of Representatives
• State delegation to the United States Senate
• State delegation to the United States House of Representatives

For years in which a United States presidential election was held, the table indicates which party's nominees received the state's electoral votes.

Not all legislative vacancies are depicted on this table. ^[a] For additional detail, find the appropriate legislative session at List of Minnesota state legislatures.

Pre-statehood (1849–1857)

Year	Executive offices					Territorial Legislature		United States Congress
	Governor	Territorial Secretary	Attorney General	Auditor	Treasurer	Terr. Senate	Terr. House	Delegate
1849	Alexander Ramsey (W) [b]	Charles K. Smith (W)	Lorenzo A. Babcock (W)	Jonathan E. McKusick (W)	Calvin A. Tuttle (W)	6D, 2W, 1?	12D, 4W, 2?	Henry Hastings Sibley (D) [c]
1850
1851		Alexander C. Wilkin (W)					8D, 7?, 3W
							5D, 4?, 2W
1852				Abraham Van Vorhes (W)		7D, 2W	10D, 5?, 3W
1853	Willis A. Gorman (D) [d]	Joseph Rosser (D)	LaFayette Emmett (D)	Socrates Nelson (D)	George W. Prescott (D)		13D, 3W, 2?	Henry M. Rice (D) [c]
1854				Julius Georgii (D)	Charles E. Leonard (D)	9D	13D, 5W
1855							13D, 4?, 1R
1856						9D, 4?, 2R	18D, 12R, 9?
						8D, 4?, 2R	19D, 11R, 9?
						6D, 4?, 2R
1857	Samuel Medary (D) [e]	Charles L. Chase (D)			George W. Armstrong (D)	6D, 5R, 4?	20R, 18D	William W. Kingsbury (D) [c]
							20R, 19D
							19R, 19D
							20R, 19D
						20D, 17R	43D, 37R

1858–2002

Year	Executive offices						State Legislature		Judicial	United States Congress			Electoral votes
	Governor	Lt. Governor	Secretary of State	Attorney General	Auditor	Treasurer	State Senate	State House	Clerk of the Supreme Court	U.S. Senator (Class I)	U.S. Senator (Class II)	U.S. House
1858	Henry Hastings Sibley (D)	William Holcombe (D)	Francis Baasen (D)	Charles H. Berry (D)	William F. Dunbar (D)	George W. Armstrong (D)	20D, 17R	43D, 37R	Jacob J. Noah (D)	Henry M. Rice (D)	James Shields (D)	2D
1859							19D, 18R [f]	49R, 31D [f]			Morton S. Wilkinson (R)	2R
1860	Alexander Ramsey (R) [g]	Ignatius L. Donnelly (R) [h]	James H. Baker (R)	Gordon E. Cole (R)		Charles Scheffer (R)	23R, 13D, 1I	58R, 22D					Lincoln/ Hamlin (R)Y
1861					Charles McIlrath (R)		19R, 2D	40R, 2D	Andrew J. Van Vorhes (R)
1862			David Blakeley (R)				16R, 5D	30R, 10D, 2UD
1863		Henry A. Swift (R) [i]						29R, 12D, 1UD
	Henry A. Swift (R) [i]	vacant								Alexander Ramsey (R)
1864	Stephen Miller (R)	Charles D. Sherwood (R)					17R, 4D	27R, 11D, 4UD	George F. Potter (R) [j]				Lincoln/ Johnson (NU)Y
1865								32R, 10D			Daniel Sheldon Norton (R) [k]
1866	William Rainey Marshall (R)	Thomas H. Armstrong (R)		William J. Colvill (R)			16R, 5D	29R, 13D
1867							17R, 5D	37R, 9D, 1?	Sherwood Hough (R) [l]
1868			Henry C. Rogers (R)	Francis R. E. Cornell (R)		Emil D. Munch (R)	15R, 7D	34R, 13D					Grant/ Colfax (R)Y
1869							16R, 6D	38R, 9D				1R, 1D
1870	Horace Austin (R)	William H. Yale (R)	Hans Mattson (R)								William Windom (R) [m]
1871							14R, 8D	27R, 20D			Ozora P. Stearns (R)	2R
											William Windom (R) [n]
1872			Samuel P. Jennison (R)			William Seeger (R) [o]	29R, 12D	73R, 33D					Grant/ Wilson (R)Y
1873					Orlan P. Whitcomb (R)	Edwin W. Dyke (R) [p]	31R, 10D	79R, 27D				3R
1874	Cushman K. Davis (R)	Alphonso Barto (R)		George P. Wilson (R)		Edwin W. Dyke (D) [q]	28R, 13D	58R, 48D
1875							21R, 18D, 2I	54R, 48D, 4I		Samuel J. R. McMillan (R)
1876	John S. Pillsbury (R)	James Wakefield (R)	John S. Irgens (R)			William Pfaender (R)	27R, 14D	74R, 32D	Sam Nichols (R) [r]				Hayes/ Wheeler (R)Y
1877							26R, 15D	77R, 29D
1878							29R, 12D	66R, 40D
1879							23R, 16D, 2GB [s]	73R, 30D, 3GB [s]				2R, 1D
1880		Charles A. Gilman (R)	Frederick Von Baumbach (R)	Charles M. Start (R) [h]		Charles Kittelson (R)							Garfield/ Arthur (R)Y
1881				William John Hahn (R) [t]			29R, 11D, 1?	87R, 15D, 1?			Alonzo J. Edgerton (R) [m]	3R
1882	Lucius Frederick Hubbard (R)				William W. Braden (R)						William Windom (R)
1883							36R, 10D, 1I	72R, 28D, 2I, 1?			Dwight M. Sabin (R)	5R
1884													Blaine/ Logan (R)N
1885							30R, 17D	70R, 33D
1886
1887	Andrew Ryan McGill (R)	Albert E. Rice (R)	Hans Mattson (R)	Moses E. Clapp (R)		Joseph Bobleter (R)	30R, 16D, 1FA	66R, 34D, 3FA	John David Jones (R) [u]	Cushman K. Davis (R) [k]		3D, 2R
1888													Harrison/ Morton (R)Y
1889	William Rush Merriam (R)							89R, 9D, 3I, 2FA			William D. Washburn (R)	5R
1890
1891		Gideon S. Ives (R)	Frederick P. Brown (R)		Adolph Biermann (D)		25R, 16D, 13P [v]	52D, 43R, 19FA [w]	Charles P. Holcomb (R)			3D, 1R, 1P
1892													Harrison/ Reid (R)N
1893	Knute Nelson (R) [g]	David Marston Clough (R)		Henry W. Childs (R)				71R, 41D, 2Pop				4R, 2D, 1Pop
1894
1895	David Marston Clough (R) [x]	Frank A. Day (R)	Albert Berg (R)		Robert C. Dunn (R)	August T. Koerner (R)	46R, 5Pop, 3D	95R, 10D, 9Pop	Darius F. Reese (R) [y]		Knute Nelson (R) [k]	7R
1896													McKinley/ Hobart (R)Y
1897		John L. Gibbs (R)						90R, 13Pop, 11D
1898
1899	John Lind (D) [z]	Lyndon A. Smith (R)		Wallace B. Douglas (R) [aa]			44R, 18D, 1I	93R, 25D, 1I
1900													McKinley/ Roosevelt (R)Y
										Charles A. Towne (D) [m]
1901	Samuel Rinnah Van Sant (R)		Peter E. Hanson (R)			Julius H. Block (R)		96R, 17D, 6Pop		Moses E. Clapp (R)
1902
1903		Ray W. Jones (R)			Samuel G. Iverson (R)		52R, 11D	104R, 15D	C. A. Pidgeon (R) [h]			8R, 1D
1904				William J. Donahower (R) [m]									Roosevelt/ Fairbanks (R)Y
1905	John Albert Johnson (D) [k]			Edward T. Young (R)				109R, 10D				9R
1906
1907		Adolph Olson Eberhart (R)	Julius A. Schmahl (R)			Clarence C. Dinehart (R) [k]	43R, 19D, 1Pop	102R, 14D, 3Proh				8R, 1D
1908													Taft/ Sherman (R)Y
1909	Adolph Olson Eberhart (R) [x]	Edward Everett Smith [i]		George T. Simpson (R)				94R, 22D, 3Proh
1910						Elias S. Pettijohn (R) [m]			Irving A. Caswell (R) [t] [ab]
1911		Samuel Y. Gordon (R)				Walter J. Smith (R) [h]	42R, 19D, 2I	88R, 26D, 4Proh, 1IR, 1Soc
1912				Lyndon A. Smith (R) [k]									Roosevelt/ Johnson (Prog)N
1913		Joseph A. A. Burnquist (R)						98R, 20D, 1 Proh, 1Soc
1914
1915	Winfield Scott Hammond (D) [k]				J. A. O. Preus (R)		Conservative majority [ac]	Conservative majority [ac]				9R, 1D
1916	Joseph A. A. Burnquist (R) [x]	George H. Sullivan [i]				Arthur C. Gooding (R) [m]							Hughes/ Fairbanks (R)N
1917		Thomas Frankson (R)				Henry Rines (R) [h]				Frank B. Kellogg (R)
1918				Clifford L. Hilton (R) [t] [aa]
1919									Herman J. Mueller (R) [ad]			9R, 1FL
1920													Harding/ Coolidge (R)Y
1921	J. A. O. Preus (R)	Louis L. Collins (R)	Mike Holm (R) [k]		Ray P. Chase (R)							10R
1922
1923									Grace F. Kaercher (R)	Henrik Shipstead (FL)	Magnus Johnson (FL)	8R, 2FL
1924													Coolidge/ Dawes (R)Y
1925	Theodore Christianson (R)	William I. Nolan (R) [h]				Edward W. Stark (R) [m]					Thomas D. Schall (R) [k]	7R, 3FL
1926
1927				Albert F. Pratt (R) [m] [k]		Julius A. Schmahl (R)						8R, 2FL
1928				G. Aaron Youngquist (R) [t] [h]									Hoover/ Curtis (R)Y
1929		Charles Edward Adams (R) [i]		Henry N. Benson (R) [t]								9R, 1FL
1930
1931	Floyd B. Olson (FL) [k]	Henry M. Arens (FL)			Stafford King (R) [h]
1932													Roosevelt/ Garner (D)Y
1933		Konrad K. Solberg (FL)		Harry H. Peterson (FL) [aa]				Liberal majority				5FL, 3R, 1D
1934
1935		Hjalmar Petersen (FL)						Conservative majority	Russell O. Gunderson (FL) [ae]		Elmer A. Benson (FL) [m]	5R, 3FL, 1D
1936	Hjalmar Petersen (FL) [i]	William B. Richardson (R) [af]		William S. Ervin (FL) [m]							Guy V. Howard (R)
1937	Elmer A. Benson (FL)	Gottfrid Lindsten (FL)				C. A. Halverson (FL)		Liberal majority			Ernest Lundeen (FL) [k]	5FL, 3R, 1D
1938
1939	Harold Stassen (R) [h]	C. Elmer Anderson (R)		Joseph A. A. Burnquist (R)		Julius A. Schmahl (R)		Conservative majority	Grace F. Kaercher (R)			7R, 1D, 1FL
1940													Roosevelt/ Wallace (D)Y
1941										Henrik Shipstead (R)	Joseph H. Ball (R) [m]	8R, 1FL
1942											Arthur E. Nelson (R)
1943		Edward J. Thye (R)
	Edward J. Thye (R) [x]	Archie H. Miller (R) [i]									Joseph H. Ball (R)
1944													Roosevelt/ Truman (D)Y
1945		C. Elmer Anderson (R)										7R, 2DFL [ag]
1946
1947	Luther Youngdahl (R) [h]									Edward J. Thye (R)		8R, 1DFL
1948													Truman/ Barkley (D)Y
1949											Hubert Humphrey (DFL) [ah]	5R, 4DFL
1950
1951	C. Elmer Anderson (R) [x]	vacant				Val Bjornson (R)	51C, 16L	87C, 44L
1952			H. H. Chesterman [m]										Eisenhower/ Nixon (R)Y
			Virginia Paul Holm (R) [t]
1953		Ancher Nelsen (R) [ai]					52C, 15L	85C, 46L
1954		Donald O. Wright (R) [i]
1955	Orville Freeman (DFL)	Karl Rolvaag (DFL)	Joseph L. Donovan (DFL)	Miles Lord (DFL) [h]		Arthur Hansen (DFL)	48C, 19L	66L, 65C	Frank Larkin (DFL)			5DFL, 4R
1956
1957						Val Bjornson (R)		70L, 61C	[aj]
1958
1959							43C, 24L	72L, 59C		Eugene McCarthy (DFL)		5R, 4DFL
1960				Walter Mondale (DFL) [t] [g]									Kennedy/ Johnson (D)Y
1961	Elmer L. Andersen (R) [ak]											6R, 3DFL
1962
1963	Karl Rolvaag (DFL) [ak]	Sandy Keith (DFL)						80C, 54L, 1I				4R, 4DFL
1964													Johnson/ Humphrey (D)Y
				Robert W. Mattson Sr. (DFL) [m]							Walter Mondale (DFL) [t] [ah]
1965							44C, 23L	78C, 56L, 1I
1966
1967	Harold LeVander (R)	James B. Goetz (R)		Douglas M. Head (R)			45C, 22L	93C, 42L				5R, 3DFL
1968													Humphrey/ Muskie (D)N
1969					William J. O'Brien (R) [m]			85C, 50L
1970
1971	Wendell Anderson (DFL) [g]	Rudy Perpich (DFL)	Arlen Erdahl (R)	Warren Spannaus (DFL)	Rolland Hatfield (R)		34C, 33L	70C, 65L		Hubert Humphrey (DFL) [k]		4R, 4DFL
1972													Nixon/ Agnew (R)Y
1973							37DFL, 30R	77DFL, 57R
1974							36DFL, 31R [3]
1975			Joan Growe (DFL)		Bob Mattson (DFL)	Jim Lord (DFL)	38DFL, 28IR, [al] 1I	104DFL, 30IR				5DFL, 3R
1976								103DFL, 31IR [4]					Carter/ Mondale (D)Y
	Rudy Perpich (DFL) [i]	Alec G. Olson (DFL) [i]									Wendell Anderson (DFL) [m] [h]
1977							49DFL, 18IR	104DFL, 30IR				4DFL, 4R
1978							48DFL, 19IR [3]	99DFL, 35IR [am]		Muriel Humphrey (DFL) [m]
1979	Al Quie (IR)	Lou Wangberg (IR)			Arne Carlson (IR)		47DFL, 20IR	67DFL, 67IR [an]		David Durenberger (IR)	Rudy Boschwitz (IR) [ao]
1980							45DFL, 22IR [3]	68DFL, 66IR [ap]					Carter/ Mondale (D)N
1981								70DFL, 64IR				5R, 3DFL
1982							44DFL, 23IR [3]
1983	Rudy Perpich (DFL)	Marlene Johnson (DFL)		Skip Humphrey (DFL)		Robert W. Mattson Jr. (DFL)	42DFL, 25IR	77DFL, 57IR				5DFL, 3R
1984								76DFL, 58IR [4]					Mondale/ Ferraro (D)N
1985							42DFL, 24IR, 1I [aq]	69IR, 65DFL
1986							43DFL, 24IR [ar]
1987						Michael McGrath (DFL)	47DFL, 20IR	83DFL, 51IR
1988							46DFL, 21IR [3]	82DFL, 52IR [4]					Dukakis/ Bentsen (D)N
1989							44DFL, 23IR [3]	81DFL, 53IR
1990								80DFL, 54IR [4]
1991	Arne Carlson (IR)	Joanell Dyrstad (IR)			Mark Dayton (DFL)		46DFL, 21IR				Paul Wellstone (DFL) [k]	6DFL, 2R
1992								78DFL, 56IR [4]					Clinton/ Gore (D)Y
1993							45DFL, 22IR	87DFL, 47IR
1994								84DFL, 50IR
1995		Joanne Benson (IR)			Judi Dutcher (IR)		43DFL, 24IR	71DFL, 63IR		Rod Grams (R)
1996							42DFL, 25R	69DFL, 65R [4]
1997							42DFL, 24R, 1I	70DFL, 64R
1998
1999	Jesse Ventura (Ref)	Mae Schunk (Ref)	Mary Kiffmeyer (R)	Mike Hatch (DFL)		Carol C. Johnson (DFL)	40DFL, 26R, 1I	71R, 63DFL
2000	Jesse Ventura (IPM) [7]	Mae Schunk (IPM)			Judi Dutcher (DFL) [as]		41DFL, 25R, 1I [at]	70R, 63DFL, 1I [au]					Gore/ Lieberman (D)N
2001							39DFL, 27R, 1IPM	69R, 65DFL		Mark Dayton (DFL)		5DFL, 3R
2002								70R, 64DFL [4]
											Dean Barkley (IPM) [m]

2003–present

Year	Executive offices					State Legislature		United States Congress			Electoral votes
	Governor	Lt. Governor	Secretary of State	Attorney General	Auditor	State Senate	State House	U.S. Senator (Class I)	U.S. Senator (Class II)	U.S. House
2003	Tim Pawlenty (R)	Carol Molnau (R)	Mary Kiffmeyer (R)	Mike Hatch (DFL)	Patricia Anderson (R)	35DFL, 31R, 1IPM	81R, 53DFL	Mark Dayton (DFL)	Norm Coleman (R)	4DFL, 4R
2004											Kerry/ Edwards (D)N
2005							68R, 66DFL
2006						37DFL, 29R, 1IPM [3]
2007			Mark Ritchie (DFL)	Lori Swanson (DFL)	Rebecca Otto (DFL)	44DFL, 23R	85DFL, 49R	Amy Klobuchar (DFL)		5DFL, 3R
						44DFL, 22R [av]
2008											Obama/ Biden (D)Y
						45DFL, 22R [aw]	85DFL, 48R, 1IR [ax]
2009						46DFL, 21R [3]	87DFL, 47R		Al Franken (DFL) [h]
2010
2011	Mark Dayton (DFL)	Yvonne Prettner Solon (DFL)				37R, 30DFL	72R, 62DFL			4DFL, 4R
2012
2013						39DFL, 28R	73DFL, 61R			5DFL, 3R
2014
2015		Tina Smith (DFL) [g]	Steve Simon (DFL)				72R, 62DFL
2016							73R, 61DFL [4]				Clinton/ Kaine (D)N
2017						34R, 33DFL	77R, 57DFL
2018		Michelle Fischbach (R) [i]				33R, 33DFL			Tina Smith (DFL) [t]
2019	Tim Walz (DFL)	Peggy Flanagan (DFL)		Keith Ellison (DFL)	Julie Blaha (DFL)	35R, 32DFL [ay]	75DFL, 59R [az]
2020											Biden/ Harris (D)Y
2021						34R, 31DFL, 2I [ba]	70DFL, 64R [bb]			4DFL, 4R
2022							69DFL, 64R, 1I [bc]
2023						34DFL, 33R	70DFL, 64R
2024											Harris/ Walz (D)N
2025							67R, 67DFL [bd]

Key to party colors and abbreviations for members of the U.S. Congress and other politicians or officials

Alaskan Independence (AKIP) Know Nothing (KN) American Labor (AL) Anti-Jacksonian (Anti-J) National Republican (NR) Anti-Administration (AA) Anti-Masonic (Anti-M) Conservative (Con) Covenant (Cov)

Democratic (D) Democratic–Farmer–Labor (DFL) Democratic–NPL (D-NPL) Dixiecrat (Dix), States' Rights (SR) Democratic-Republican (DR) Farmer–Labor (FL) Federalist (F) Pro-Administration (PA)

Free Soil (FS) Fusion (Fus) Greenback (GB) Independence (IPM) Independent Democrat (ID) Independent Republican (IR) Jacksonian (J) Liberal (Lib)

Libertarian (L) National Union (NU) Nonpartisan League (NPL) Nullifier (N) Opposition Northern (O) Opposition Southern (O) Populist (Pop) Progressive (Prog)

Prohibition (Proh) Readjuster (Rea) Republican (R) Silver (Sv) Silver Republican (SvR) Socialist (Soc) Union (U) Unconditional Union (UU)

Vermont Progressive (VP) Whig (W) Independent (I) Nonpartisan (NP)

1. Many vacancies are brief, don't occur during the legislative year, do not change party balance, or are otherwise non-notable. These have been omitted for the sake of brevity.
2. Territorial governor appointed by President Zachary Taylor.
3. Delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives from Minnesota Territory.
4. Territorial governor appointed by President Franklin Pierce.
5. Territorial governor appointed by President James Buchanan.
6. Although legislators were elected, it was determined that an 1858-59 session was unnecessary due to the protracted length of the 1857-58 session; hence, these legislators never convened and were never sworn in.
7. Resigned to become U.S. Senator.
8. Resigned.
9. Succeeded to office following death or resignation of previous officeholder.
10. Lost renomination.
11. Died in office.
12. Lost renomination.
13. Appointed by governor to fill vacancy.
14. Resigned to become U.S. Secretary of the Treasury.
15. Resigned following impeachment but before trial by Minnesota Senate. ^[1]
16. Appointed by governor to fill vacancy in early 1873. Later elected to office in his own right as a Democrat.
17. Dyke did not win the endorsement of the Republican Party in 1873, but sought the Democratic endorsement and won with it.
18. Lost renomination.
19. Due to a constitutional amendment, effective with the election of 1878, terms for senators became four years and terms for representatives became two years.
20. Appointed to fill the remainder of the previous officeholder's term. Later elected in their own right.
21. Lost renomination.
22. Elected a Republican President Pro Tempore, John B. Sanborn, and organized the chamber.
23. A coalition of Democrats and members of the Farmers' Alliance organized the chamber and elected an Alliance Speaker, Ezra T. Champlin. ^[2]
24. Succeeded to office following death or resignation of previous officeholder. Later elected to office in his or her own right.
25. Lost renomination.
26. Had also been endorsed by the Populists/
    Silver Republicans.
27. Resigned following appointment to Minnesota Supreme Court.
28. Lost renomination.
29. After a constitutional amendment in 1912, the Minnesota Legislature was nonpartisan until 1973. It went into effect in 1915 Legislators caucused as "conservatives" and "liberals," roughly equivalent to Republicans and Democrats/Farmer Laborites.
30. Lost renomination.
31. Lost renomination.
32. Served as acting lieutenant governor; never took the oath of office.
33. The Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party merged into the Minnesota Democratic Party in 1944.
34. Resigned to become Vice President of the United States.
35. Resigned to become administrator of the Rural Electrification Administration.
36. Constitutional amendment passed in 1956 making the clerk an appointed, nonpartisan position.
37. A recount and subsequent litigation lasting 139 days delayed Karl Rolvaag's inauguration as governor.
38. From 1975 until 1995, the Republican Party of Minnesota was called the Independent–Republican Party of Minnesota.
39. A series of special elections and party switches led to the composition in the 1978 session. ^[4]
40. With the split chamber, a power-sharing agreement was negotiated. A Republican Speaker, Rod Searle, was elected, but Democrats received control of most committees. The tie was broken when a Republican, Robert Pavlak, was expelled from the chamber on May 19, 1979 on a party-line vote due to a legal and ethical violations. The agreement of shared-power held through the end of the year's session two days later, despite the Democrats' 67-66 majority. ^{[5] [6]}
41. Appointed by governor to fill vacancy, having already been elected to next full term.
42. A special election was held for Pavlak's seat in District 67A. A Democrat, Frank J. Rodriguez, Jr., was elected, giving the Democrats a constitutional majority. With that, they reorganized the chamber under their control in the 1980 session. ^{[5] [4]}
43. A party switch from Republican to Independent by Charles Berg led to the composition in the 1985 session. ^[3]
44. A party switch from Independent to DFL by Charles Berg led to the composition in the 1986 session. ^[3]
45. Dutcher switched parties in 2000.
46. A series of special elections and party switches led to the composition in the 2000 session. ^[4]
47. A party switch from Republican to Independent by Doug Reuter led to the composition in the 2000 session. ^[4]
48. In December 2007, Republican Tom Neuville resigned to accept a District Court appointment.
49. In January 2008, Democrat Kevin Dahle was elected in a special election to succeed Republican Tom Neuville.
50. In July 2008, Republican incumbent Ron Erhardt became an independent.
51. A seat flipped from Democratic to Republican in February through a special election. ^[8]
52. Four Republicans announced on December 8, 2018, they would not join the Republican caucus in the 91st Legislature and would instead form their own caucus, the "New House Republican Caucus." ^[9]
53. Tom Bakk and David Tomassoni were re-elected as Democrats in the 2020 election, but switched to Independent immediately after.
54. Five Republicans do not caucus with the Republican minority, see note [an]
55. In addition to the five Republicans that do not caucus with the Republic Minority, representative John Thompson was expelled from the Democratic-Farmer-Labor caucus
56. Elected a Republican speaker.

See also

• Politics in Minnesota
• Politics of Minnesota
• List of political parties in Minnesota

References

1. Nordby, Mary Jane Morrison. Foreword by Jack (2002). The Minnesota state constitution : a reference guide. Westport, Conn. [u.a.]: Greenwood Press. p. 10. ISBN   0-313-28411-3.
2. "Speakers of the Minnesota House of Representatives, 1849-present - Minnesota Legislative Reference Library". www.lrl.mn.gov. Retrieved 2021-06-22.
3. "Party Control of the Minnesota Senate - Minnesota Legislative Reference Library". www.leg.mn.gov.
4. "Party Control of the Minnesota House of Representatives - Minnesota Legislative Reference Library". www.leg.mn.gov.
5. Loepp, Daniel (1999). Sharing the balance of power : an examination of shared power in the Michigan House of Representatives, 1993-94. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. p. 24. ISBN   0472097024 . Retrieved 7 November 2020.
6. "Journal of the House" (PDF). Minnesota Legislature. Minnesota State Legislature. 14 May 2020. Retrieved 7 November 2020.
7. "Ventura Leaving Reform Party". www.washingtonpost.com. Retrieved 2021-06-05.
8. Van Oot, Torey. "Republican Jason Rarick wins Minnesota Senate seat vacated by Democrat". Star Tribune. Retrieved 7 November 2020.
9. Bakst, Brian (December 8, 2018). "Renegade House members split from GOP caucus". Minnesota Public Radio . Retrieved September 8, 2019.