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88 legislative chambers in 46 states | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Map of upper house elections: Democrats retained control Republicans gained control Republicans retained control Coalition retained control Non-partisan legislature No regularly-scheduled elections | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Map of lower house elections: Democrats retained control Republicans gained control Republicans retained control Split body formed Non-partisan legislature No regularly-scheduled elections |
The 2010 United States state legislative elections were held on November 2, 2010, halfway through President Barack Obama's first term in office. Elections were held for 88 legislative chambers, with all states but Louisiana, Mississippi, New Jersey, and Virginia holding elections in at least one house. Kansas and New Mexico held elections for their lower, but not upper houses. Four territorial chambers in three territories and the District of Columbia were up as well.
Republicans scored record gains, gaining at least 680 total seats and taking control of 20 legislative chambers through election, while the Democrats lost 21 chambers. [1] [2] The winners of this election cycle were slated to serve in their respective legislatures for either two or four-year terms, depending on state election rules.
Republicans made substantial gains in state legislatures across the nation. Twenty chambers flipped from Democratic to Republican control, giving Republicans full control of eleven state legislatures and control of one chamber in Colorado, Iowa, and New York. [3] Additionally, Republicans gained enough seats in the Oregon House of Representatives to produce a 30-30 party split, pushing Democrats into a power-sharing agreement that resulted in the election of two "co-speakers" (one from each party) to lead the chamber. [4] Republicans gained a total of 680 seats in state legislative races, breaking the previous record of 628 flipped seats set by Democrats in the post-Watergate elections of 1974. [5]
Six states saw both chambers switch from Democrat to Republican majorities: Alabama (where the Republicans won a majority and a trifecta for the first time since 1874), Maine (for the first time since 1964), Minnesota (for the first time since 1915 in partisan elections and 1973 in non-partisan elections), New Hampshire, North Carolina (for the first time since 1896), and Wisconsin. In addition, by picking up the lower chambers in Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, Montana [lower-alpha 3] and Pennsylvania, Republicans gained control of both chambers in an additional five states. Further, Republicans picked up one chamber from Democrats in Colorado, Iowa, and New York to split control in those states. They expanded majorities in both chambers in Texas, Florida, and Georgia. [6] [7] The Republican victories in legislative races gave the party unprecedented power over the redrawing of congressional and state legislative districts following the 2010 census. [8]
Regularly-scheduled elections were held in 88 of the 99 state legislative chambers in the United States; nationwide, regularly-scheduled elections were held for 6,064 of the 7,383 legislative seats. Most legislative chambers held elections for all seats, but some legislative chambers that use staggered elections held elections for only a portion of the total seats in the chamber. [9] The chambers that were not up for election either hold regularly-scheduled elections in odd-numbered years, or have four-year terms and hold all regularly-scheduled elections in presidential election years.
Note that this table only covers regularly-scheduled elections; additional special elections took place concurrently with these regularly-scheduled elections.
State | Upper House [9] | Lower House [9] | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Seats up | Total | % up | Term | Seats up | Total | % up | Term | |
Alabama | 35 | 35 | 100 | 4 | 105 | 105 | 100 | 4 |
Alaska | 10 | 20 | 50 | 4 | 40 | 40 | 100 | 2 |
Arizona | 30 | 30 | 100 | 2 | 60 | 60 | 100 | 2 |
Arkansas | 18 | 35 | 51 | 2/4 [lower-alpha 4] | 100 | 100 | 100 | 2 |
California | 20 | 40 | 50 | 4 | 80 | 80 | 100 | 2 |
Colorado | 17 | 35 | 49 | 4 | 65 | 65 | 100 | 2 |
Connecticut | 36 | 36 | 100 | 2 | 151 | 151 | 100 | 2 |
Delaware | 10 | 21 | 48 | 2/4 [lower-alpha 4] | 41 | 41 | 100 | 2 |
Florida | 20 | 40 | 50 | 2/4 [lower-alpha 4] | 120 | 120 | 100 | 2 |
Georgia | 56 | 56 | 100 | 2 | 180 | 180 | 100 | 2 |
Hawaii | 12 | 25 | 48 | 2/4 [lower-alpha 4] | 51 | 51 | 100 | 2 |
Idaho | 35 | 35 | 100 | 2 | 70 | 70 | 100 | 2 |
Illinois | 39 | 59 | 66 | 2/4 [lower-alpha 4] | 118 | 118 | 100 | 2 |
Indiana | 25 | 50 | 50 | 4 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 2 |
Iowa | 25 | 50 | 50 | 4 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 2 |
Kansas | 0 | 40 | 0 | 4 | 125 | 125 | 100 | 2 |
Kentucky | 19 | 38 | 50 | 4 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 2 |
Louisiana | 0 | 39 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 105 | 0 | 4 |
Maine | 35 | 35 | 100 | 2 | 151 | 151 | 100 | 2 |
Maryland | 47 | 47 | 100 | 4 | 141 | 141 | 100 | 4 |
Massachusetts | 40 | 40 | 100 | 2 | 160 | 160 | 100 | 2 |
Michigan | 38 | 38 | 100 | 4 | 110 | 110 | 100 | 2 |
Minnesota | 67 | 67 | 100 | 2/4 [lower-alpha 4] | 134 | 134 | 100 | 2 |
Mississippi | 0 | 52 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 122 | 0 | 4 |
Missouri | 17 | 34 | 50 | 4 | 163 | 163 | 100 | 2 |
Montana | 25 | 50 | 50 | 4 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 2 |
Nebraska | 24 [lower-alpha 5] | 49 [lower-alpha 5] | 49 [lower-alpha 5] | 4 | N/A (unicameral) | |||
Nevada | 11 | 21 | 52 | 4 | 42 | 42 | 100 | 2 |
New Hampshire | 24 | 24 | 100 | 2 | 400 | 400 | 100 | 2 |
New Jersey | 0 | 40 | 0 | 2/4 [lower-alpha 4] | 0 | 80 | 0 | 2 |
New Mexico | 0 | 42 | 100 | 4 | 70 | 70 | 100 | 2 |
New York | 62 | 62 | 100 | 2 | 150 | 150 | 100 | 2 |
North Carolina | 50 | 50 | 100 | 2 | 120 | 120 | 100 | 2 |
North Dakota | 24 | 47 | 51 | 4 | 47 | 94 | 50 | 4 |
Ohio | 16 | 33 | 52 | 4 | 99 | 99 | 100 | 2 |
Oklahoma | 24 | 48 | 50 | 4 | 101 | 101 | 100 | 2 |
Oregon | 15 | 30 | 50 | 4 | 60 | 60 | 100 | 2 |
Pennsylvania | 25 | 50 | 50 | 4 | 203 | 203 | 100 | 2 |
Rhode Island | 38 | 38 | 100 | 2 | 75 | 75 | 100 | 2 |
South Carolina | 0 | 46 | 0 | 4 | 124 | 124 | 100 | 2 |
South Dakota | 35 | 35 | 100 | 2 | 70 | 70 | 100 | 2 |
Tennessee | 17 | 33 | 52 | 4 | 99 | 99 | 100 | 2 |
Texas | 15 | 31 | 48 | 2/4 [lower-alpha 4] | 150 | 150 | 100 | 2 |
Utah | 14 | 29 | 48 | 4 | 75 | 75 | 100 | 2 |
Vermont | 30 | 30 | 100 | 2 | 150 | 150 | 100 | 2 |
Virginia | 0 | 40 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 2 |
Washington | 25 | 49 | 49 | 4 | 98 | 98 | 100 | 2 |
West Virginia | 17 | 34 | 50 | 4 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 2 |
Wisconsin | 17 | 33 | 52 | 4 | 99 | 99 | 100 | 2 |
Wyoming | 15 | 30 | 50 | 4 | 60 | 60 | 100 | 2 |
Total | 1105 | 1971 | 56 | N/A | 4958 | 5411 | 92 | N/A |
Analysts predicted a very strong showing for the Republicans, anticipating a nationwide wave election in their favor. This was attributed to the nation's slow recovery from the Great Recession, the chaotic passage and implementation of the Affordable Care Act, immigration, and the large number of legislative chambers and governorships that Democrats controlled after the 2006 and 2008 elections. [10] As the campaign progressed, Democratic prospects only became worse, leading to the largest gap in legislative chambers held by each party considered vulnerable in over a decade. [11] By election day, Republicans were expected to be able to flip between eleven and twenty seven legislative chambers from Democrats, with only one Republican-held chamber considered vulnerable. [12]
Ratings are designated as follows:
State | Chamber | Last election | Governing Nov. 1, 2010 [12] | Result |
---|---|---|---|---|
Alabama | Senate | D 23–12 | Lean R (flip) | R 22–12–1 |
House of Representatives | D 62–43 | Lean R (flip) | R 62–43 | |
Alaska | Senate | Coal. 16–4 | Tossup | Coal. 15–5 |
House of Representatives | R 22–18 | Lean R | R 24–16 | |
Arizona | Senate | R 18–12 | Safe R | R 21–9 |
House of Representatives | R 36–24 | Safe R | R 40–20 | |
Arkansas | Senate | D 27–8 | Safe D | D 20–15 |
House of Representatives | D 71–28–1 | Safe D | D 54–46 | |
California | State Senate | D 25–15 | Safe D | D 25–15 |
State Assembly | D 50–29–1 | Safe D | D 52–28 | |
Colorado | Senate | D 21–14 | Lean D | D 20–15 |
House of Representatives | D 38–27 | Tossup | R 33–32 | |
Connecticut | State Senate | D 24–12 | Safe D | D 23–13 |
House of Representatives | D 114–37 | Safe D | D 99–52 | |
Delaware | Senate | D 16–5 | Safe D | D 14–7 |
House of Representatives | D 24–17 | Lean D | D 26–15 | |
Florida | Senate | R 26–14 | Safe R | R 28–12 |
House of Representatives | R 76–44 | Safe R | R 81–39 | |
Georgia | State Senate | R 34–22 | Safe R | R 35–21 |
House of Representatives | R 105–74–1 | Safe R | R 108–71–1 | |
Hawaii | Senate | D 23–2 | Safe D | D 24–1 |
House of Representatives | D 45–6 | Safe D | D 43–8 | |
Idaho | Senate | R 28–7 | Safe R | R 28–7 |
House of Representatives | R 52–18 | Safe R | R 57–13 | |
Illinois | Senate | D 37–22 | Likely D | D 34–25 |
House of Representatives | D 70–48 | Lean D | D 64–54 | |
Indiana | Senate | R 33–17 | Safe R | R 36–14 |
House of Representatives | D 52–48 | Lean R (flip) | R 60–40 | |
Iowa | Senate | D 32–18 | Lean D | D 26–24 |
House of Representatives | D 57–43 | Tossup | R 60–40 | |
Kansas | House of Representatives | R 77–48 | Safe R | R 92–33 |
Kentucky | Senate | R 21–16–1 | Likely R | R 22–15–1 |
House of Representatives | D 65–35 | Likely D | D 58–42 | |
Maine | Senate | D 20–15 | Tossup | R 20–14–1 |
House of Representatives | D 95–55–1 | Likely D | R 78–72–1 | |
Maryland | Senate | D 33–14 | Safe D | D 35–12 |
House of Delegates | D 104–37 | Safe D | D 98–43 | |
Massachusetts | Senate | D 35–5 | Safe D | D 36–4 |
House of Representatives | D 144–15–1 | Safe D | D 130–30 | |
Michigan | Senate | R 21–17 | Likely R | R 26–12 |
House of Representatives | D 67–43 | Tossup | R 63–47 | |
Minnesota | Senate | D 44–23 | Likely D | R 37–30 |
House of Representatives | D 87–47 | Lean D | R 72–62 | |
Missouri | Senate | R 23–11 | Safe R | R 26–8 |
House of Representatives | R 89–74 | Safe R | R 105–58 | |
Montana | Senate | R 27–23 | Likely R | R 28–22 |
House of Representatives | D 50–50 | Lean R (flip) | R 68–32 | |
Nevada | Senate | D 12–9 | Lean D | D 11–10 |
Assembly | D 28–14 | Likely D | D 26–16 | |
New Hampshire | Senate | D 14–10 | Lean R (flip) | R 19–5 |
House of Representatives | D 225–175 | Lean R (flip) | R 298–102 | |
New Mexico | House of Representatives | D 45–25 | Likely D | D 36–34 |
New York | State Senate | D 32–30 | Tossup | R 32–30 |
State Assembly | D 107–41–1–1 | Safe D | D 99–50–1 | |
North Carolina | Senate | D 30–20 | Tossup | R 31–19 |
House of Representatives | D 68–52 | Tossup | R 67–52–1 | |
North Dakota | Senate | R 26–21 | Safe R | R 35–12 |
House of Representatives | R 58–36 | Safe R | R 69–25 | |
Ohio | Senate | R 21–12 | Safe R | R 23–10 |
House of Representatives | D 53–46 | Lean R (flip) | R 59–40 | |
Oklahoma | Senate | R 26–22 | Safe R | R 32–16 |
House of Representatives | R 61–40 | Safe R | R 70–31 | |
Oregon | State Senate | D 18–12 | Lean D | D 16–14 |
House of Representatives | D 36–24 | Likely D | 30–30 | |
Pennsylvania | State Senate | R 30–20 | Safe R | R 30–20 |
House of Representatives | D 104–99 | Lean R (flip) | R 112–91 | |
Rhode Island | Senate | D 33–4–1 | Safe D | D 29–8–1 |
House of Representatives | D 69–6 | Safe D | D 65–10 | |
South Carolina | House of Representatives | R 73–51 | Safe R | R 76–48 |
South Dakota | Senate | R 21–14 | Safe R | R 30–5 |
House of Representatives | R 46–24 | Safe R | R 50–19–1 | |
Tennessee | Senate | R 19–14 | Likely R | R 20–13 |
House of Representatives | R 50–49 | Likely R | R 64–34–1 | |
Texas | Senate | R 19–12 | Safe R | R 19–12 |
House of Representatives | R 76–74 | Likely R | R 99–51 | |
Utah | State Senate | R 21–8 | Safe R | R 22–7 |
House of Representatives | R 53–22 | Safe R | R 58–17 | |
Vermont | Senate | D 23–7 | Safe D | D 21–8–1 |
House of Representatives | D 94–48–5–3 | Safe D | D 94–48–5–3 | |
Washington | State Senate | D 31–18 | Lean D | D 27–22 |
House of Representatives | D 62–36 | Lean D | D 56–42 | |
West Virginia | Senate | D 26–8 | Safe D | D 28–6 |
House of Delegates | D 71–29 | Safe D | D 65–35 | |
Wisconsin | Senate | D 18–15 | Lean R (flip) | R 19–14 |
State Assembly | D 52–46–1 | Lean R (flip) | R 60–38–1 | |
Wyoming | Senate | R 23–7 | Safe R | R 26–4 |
House of Representatives | R 41–19 | Safe R | R 50–10 |
Republican 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% | Democratic 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% 90–100% | Tie 50% |
Republican 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% | Democratic 50–60% 60–70% 80–90% | Tie 50% |
All of the seats of the Alabama Legislature were up for election. Republicans won control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 14 | 22 | 8 | |
Independent | 1 | 1 | ||
Democratic | 20 | 12 | 8 | |
Total | 35 | 35 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 45 | 62 | 17 | |
Democratic | 60 | 43 | 17 | |
Total | 105 | 105 |
All of the seats of the Alaska House of Representatives and half of the Alaska Senate were up for election. The Democratic-led coalition maintained control of the Senate while Republicans maintained control of the House.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 10 | 10 | ||
Republican | 6 | 5 | ||
4 | 5 | |||
Total | 20 | 20 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 22 | 24 | 2 | |
Democratic | 18 | 4 | 2 | |
12 | ||||
Total | 40 | 40 |
All of the seats of the Arizona Legislature were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 18 | 21 | 3 | |
Democratic | 12 | 9 | 3 | |
Total | 30 | 30 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 36 | 40 | 4 | |
Democratic | 24 | 20 | 4 | |
Total | 60 | 60 |
All of the seats of the Arkansas House of Representatives and half of the Arkansas Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 27 | 20 | 7 | |
Republican | 8 | 15 | 7 | |
Total | 35 | 35 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 72 | 54 | 18 | |
Republican | 28 | 46 | 18 | |
Total | 100 | 100 |
All of the seats of the California House of Representatives and half of the California Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 25 | 25 | ||
Republican | 15 | 15 | ||
Total | 40 | 40 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 50 | 52 | 2 | |
Republican | 29 | 28 | 1 | |
Independent | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
Total | 80 | 80 |
All of the seats of the Colorado House of Representatives and half of the Colorado Senate were up for election. Republicans won control of the House and Democrats maintained control of the Senate.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 21 | 20 | 1 | |
Republican | 14 | 15 | 1 | |
Total | 35 | 35 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 27 | 32 | 5 | |
Democratic | 38 | 33 | 5 | |
Total | 65 | 65 |
All of the seats of the Connecticut Legislature were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 24 | 23 | 1 | |
Republican | 12 | 13 | 1 | |
Total | 36 | 36 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 114 | 99 | 15 | |
Republican | 37 | 52 | 15 | |
Total | 151 | 151 |
All of the seats of the Delaware House of Representatives and half of the Delaware Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 15 | 14 | 1 | |
Republican | 6 | 7 | 1 | |
Total | 21 | 21 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 24 | 26 | 2 | |
Republican | 17 | 15 | 2 | |
Total | 41 | 41 |
All of the seats of the Florida House of Representatives and half of the Florida Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 26 | 28 | 2 | |
Democratic | 14 | 12 | 2 | |
Total | 40 | 40 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 76 | 81 | 5 | |
Democratic | 44 | 39 | 5 | |
Total | 120 | 120 |
All of the seats of the Georgia Legislature were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 34 | 35 | 1 | |
Democratic | 22 | 21 | 1 | |
Total | 56 | 56 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 105 | 108 | 3 | |
Democratic | 74 | 71 | 3 | |
Independent | 1 | 1 | ||
Total | 180 | 180 |
All of the seats of the Hawaii House of Representatives and half of the Hawaii Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 23 | 24 | 1 | |
Republican | 2 | 1 | 1 | |
Total | 25 | 25 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 45 | 43 | 2 | |
Republican | 6 | 8 | 2 | |
Total | 51 | 51 |
All of the seats of the Idaho Legislature were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 28 | 28 | ||
Democratic | 7 | 7 | ||
Total | 35 | 35 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 52 | 57 | 5 | |
Democratic | 18 | 13 | 5 | |
Total | 70 | 70 |
All of the seats of the Illinois House of Representatives and 1/3rd of the Illinois Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 37 | 34 | 3 | |
Republican | 22 | 25 | 3 | |
Total | 59 | 59 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 70 | 64 | 6 | |
Republican | 48 | 54 | 6 | |
Total | 118 | 118 |
All of the seats of the Indiana House of Representatives and half of the Indiana Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of the Senate and won control of the House of Representatives.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 33 | 36 | 3 | |
Democratic | 17 | 14 | 3 | |
Total | 50 | 50 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 48 | 60 | 12 | |
Democratic | 52 | 40 | 12 | |
Total | 100 | 100 |
All of the seats of the Iowa House of Representatives and half of the Iowa Senate were up for election. Republicans won control of the House of Representatives and Democrats maintained control of the Senate.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 32 | 26 | 6 | |
Republican | 18 | 24 | 6 | |
Total | 50 | 50 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 43 | 60 | 17 | |
Democratic | 57 | 40 | 17 | |
Total | 100 | 100 |
All of the seats of the Kansas House of Representatives. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 77 | 92 | 15 | |
Democratic | 48 | 33 | 15 | |
Total | 125 | 125 |
All of the seats of the Kentucky House of Representatives and half of the Kentucky Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of the Senate and Democrats maintained control of the House of Representatives.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 20 | 22 | 2 | |
Independent | 1 | 1 | ||
Democratic | 17 | 15 | 2 | |
Total | 38 | 38 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 65 | 58 | 7 | |
Republican | 35 | 42 | 7 | |
Total | 100 | 100 |
All of the seats of the Maine Legislature were up for election. Republicans won control of both legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 15 | 20 | 5 | |
Democratic | 20 | 14 | 6 | |
Independent | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Total | 35 | 35 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 55 | 78 | 23 | |
Democratic | 95 | 72 | 23 | |
Independent | 1 | 1 | ||
Total | 151 | 151 |
All of the seats of the Maryland Legislature were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 33 | 35 | 2 | |
Republican | 14 | 12 | 2 | |
Total | 47 | 47 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 104 | 98 | 6 | |
Republican | 37 | 43 | 6 | |
Total | 141 | 141 |
All of the seats of the Massachusetts Legislature were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 35 | 36 | 1 | |
Republican | 5 | 4 | 1 | |
Total | 40 | 40 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 144 | 130 | 14 | |
Republican | 15 | 30 | 15 | |
Independent | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
Total | 160 | 160 |
All of the seats of the Michigan Legislature were up for election. Republicans won control of the House and maintained control of the Senate.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 22 | 26 | 4 | |
Democratic | 16 | 12 | 4 | |
Total | 38 | 38 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 43 | 63 | 20 | |
Democratic | 67 | 47 | 20 | |
Total | 110 | 110 |
All of the seats of the Minnesota Legislature were up. Republicans won control of both chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 21 | 37 | 16 | |
Democratic (DFL) | 46 | 30 | 16 | |
Total | 67 | 67 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 47 | 72 | 25 | |
Democratic (DFL) | 87 | 62 | 25 | |
Total | 134 | 134 |
All of the seats of the Missouri House of Representatives and half of the Missouri Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 23 | 26 | 3 | |
Democratic | 11 | 8 | 3 | |
Total | 34 | 34 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 89 | 105 | 16 | |
Democratic | 74 | 58 | 16 | |
Total | 163 | 163 |
All of the seats of the Montana House of Representatives and half of the Montana Senate were up for election. Republicans won control of the House and maintained control of the Senate.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 27 | 28 | 1 | |
Democratic | 23 | 22 | 1 | |
Total | 50 | 50 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 50 | 68 | 18 | |
Democratic | 50 [lower-alpha 6] | 32 | 18 | |
Total | 100 | 100 |
Nebraska is the only U.S. state with a unicameral legislature; half of the seats of the Nebraska Legislature were up for election. Nebraska is also unique in that its legislature is officially non-partisan and holds non-partisan elections, although the Democratic and Republican parties each endorse legislative candidates. Republicans maintained control.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 30 | 32 | 2 | |
Democratic | 19 | 17 | 2 | |
Total | 49 | 49 |
All of the seats of the Nevada House of Representatives and half of the Nevada Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 12 | 11 | 1 | |
Republican | 9 | 10 | 1 | |
Total | 21 | 21 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 28 | 26 | 2 | |
Republican | 14 | 16 | 2 | |
Total | 42 | 42 |
All of the seats of the New Hampshire House of Representatives and the New Hampshire Senate were up for election. Republicans won control of both legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 10 | 19 | 9 | |
Democratic | 14 | 5 | 9 | |
Total | 24 | 24 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 174 | 298 | 124 | |
Democratic | 216 | 102 | 114 | |
Total | 400 | 400 |
All of the seats of the New Mexico House of Representatives. Democrats maintained control of the chamber.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 45 | 36 | 9 | |
Republican | 25 | 34 | 9 | |
Total | 70 | 70 |
All of the seats of the New York Legislature were up for election. Republicans won control of the Senate, and Democrats maintained control of the Assembly.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 30 | 32 | 2 | |
Democratic | 32 | 30 | 2 | |
Total | 62 | 62 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 107 | 99 | 8 | |
Republican | 41 | 50 | 9 | |
Independence | 1 | 1 | ||
Working Families | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
Total | 150 | 150 |
All of the seats of the North Carolina House of Representatives and half of the North Carolina Senate were up for election. Republicans won control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 20 | 31 | 11 | |
Democratic | 30 | 19 | 11 | |
Total | 50 | 50 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 52 | 67 | 15 | |
Independent | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Democratic | 68 | 52 | 16 | |
Total | 120 | 120 |
All of the seats of the North Dakota House of Representatives and half of the North Dakota Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 26 | 35 | 9 | |
Democratic-NPL | 21 | 12 | 9 | |
Total | 47 | 47 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 58 | 69 | 11 | |
Democratic-NPL | 36 | 25 | 11 | |
Total | 94 | 94 |
All of the seats of the Ohio House of Representatives and half of the Ohio Senate were up for election. Republicans won control of the House of Representatives and maintained control of the Senate.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 21 | 23 | 2 | |
Democratic | 12 | 10 | 2 | |
Total | 33 | 33 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 46 | 59 | 13 | |
Democratic | 53 | 40 | 13 | |
Total | 99 | 99 |
All of the seats of the Oklahoma House of Representatives and half of the Oklahoma Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 26 | 32 | 6 | |
Democratic | 22 | 16 | 6 | |
Total | 48 | 48 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 62 | 70 | 8 | |
Democratic | 39 | 31 | 8 | |
Total | 101 | 101 |
All of the seats of the Oregon House of Representatives and half of the Oregon Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of the Senate, and the House of Representatives became tied.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 18 | 16 | 2 | |
Republican | 12 | 14 | 2 | |
Total | 30 | 30 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 36 | 30 | 6 | |
Republican | 24 | 30 | 6 | |
Total | 60 | 60 |
All of the seats of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives and half of the Pennsylvania Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of the Senate and won control of the House of Representatives.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 30 | 30 | ||
Democratic | 20 | 20 | ||
Total | 50 | 50 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 99 | 112 | 13 | |
Democratic | 104 | 91 | 13 | |
Total | 203 | 203 |
All of the seats of the Rhode Island Legislature were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 33 | 29 | 4 | |
Republican | 4 | 8 | 4 | |
Independent | 1 | 1 | ||
Total | 38 | 38 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 69 | 65 | 4 | |
Republican | 6 | 10 | 4 | |
Total | 75 | 75 |
All of the seats of the South Carolina House of Representatives were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 73 | 76 | 3 | |
Democratic | 51 | 48 | 3 | |
Total | 124 | 124 |
All of the seats of the South Dakota Legislature were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 21 | 30 | 9 | |
Democratic | 14 | 5 | 9 | |
Total | 35 | 35 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 46 | 50 | 4 | |
Democratic | 24 | 19 | 5 | |
Independent | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Total | 70 | 70 |
All of the seats of the Tennessee House of Representatives and half of the Tennessee Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 19 | 20 | 1 | |
Democratic | 14 | 13 | 1 | |
Total | 33 | 33 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 50 | 64 | 14 | |
Democratic | 48 | 34 | 14 | |
Independent Republican | 1 | 1 | ||
Total | 99 | 99 |
All of the seats of the Texas House of Representatives and half of the Texas Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 19 | 19 | ||
Democratic | 12 | 12 | ||
Total | 31 | 31 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 77 | 99 | 22 | |
Democratic | 73 | 51 | 22 | |
Total | 150 | 150 |
All of the seats of the Utah House of Representatives and half of the Utah Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 21 | 22 | 1 | |
Democratic | 8 | 7 | 1 | |
Total | 29 | 29 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 53 | 58 | 5 | |
Democratic | 22 | 17 | 5 | |
Total | 75 | 75 |
All of the seats of the Vermont Legislature were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 23 | 21 | 2 | |
Republican | 7 | 8 | 1 | |
Progressive | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Total | 30 | 30 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 94 | 94 | ||
Republican | 48 | 48 | ||
Progressive | 5 | 5 | ||
Independent | 3 | 3 | ||
Total | 150 | 150 |
All of the seats of the Washington House of Representatives and half of the Washington Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 31 | 27 | 4 | |
Republican | 18 | 22 | 4 | |
Total | 49 | 49 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 61 | 56 | 5 | |
Republican | 37 | 42 | 5 | |
Total | 98 | 98 |
All of the seats of the West Virginia House of Delegates and half of the West Virginia Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 26 | 28 | 2 | |
Republican | 8 | 6 | 2 | |
Total | 34 | 34 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 71 | 65 | 6 | |
Republican | 29 | 35 | 6 | |
Total | 100 | 100 |
All of the seats of the Wisconsin Assembly and half of the Wisconsin Senate were up for election. Republicans won control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 15 | 19 | 4 | |
Democratic | 18 | 14 | 4 | |
Total | 33 | 33 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 46 | 60 | 13 | |
Democratic | 51 | 38 | 12 | |
Independent | 2 | 1 | 1 | |
Total | 99 | 99 |
All of the seats of the Wyoming House of Representatives and half of the Wyoming Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 23 | 26 | 3 | |
Democratic | 7 | 4 | 3 | |
Total | 30 | 30 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | 41 | 50 | 9 | |
Democratic | 19 | 10 | 9 | |
Total | 60 | 60 |
All of the seats of the American Samoa Senate and the American Samoa House of Representatives were up for election. Members of the Senate serve four-year terms, while members of the House of Representatives serve two-year terms. Gubernatorial and legislative elections are conducted on a nonpartisan basis in American Samoa.
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 9 | 9 | ||
Republican | 6 | 6 | ||
Total | 15 | 15 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 10 | 10 | ||
Independent | 5 | 5 | ||
Total | 15 | 15 |
Party | Before | After | Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | 11 | 11 | ||
Independent | 2 | 2 | ||
Total | 13 | 13 |
The 2008 United States elections were held on Tuesday, November 4, 2008, during the war on terror and the onset of the Great Recession. It was considered a Democratic wave election, with Democratic Senator Barack Obama of Illinois defeating Senator John McCain of Arizona by a wide margin, and the Democrats bolstering their majorities in both chambers of Congress, thereby marking the first time since 1992 in which the Democrats won Congress and the presidency in one election.
The 2004 United States elections were held on Tuesday, November 2, 2004, during the early years of the war on terror and after the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Republican President George W. Bush won re-election and Republicans retained control of Congress.
The 2010 United States elections were held on Tuesday, November 2, 2010, in the middle of Democratic President Barack Obama's first term. Republicans ended unified Democratic control of Congress and the presidency by winning a majority in the House of Representatives and gained seats in the Senate despite Democrats holding Senate control.
The 2002 United States elections were held on November 5, in the middle of Republican President George W. Bush's first term. Republicans won unified control of Congress, picking up seats in both chambers of Congress, making Bush the first president since Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1934 to gain seats in both houses of Congress. In the gubernatorial elections, Democrats won a net gain of one seat. The elections were held just a little under fourteen months after the September 11 attacks. Thus, the elections were heavily overshadowed by the War on Terror.
The 2000 United States elections were held on November 7, 2000. Republican Governor George W. Bush of Texas defeated Democratic Vice President Al Gore of Tennessee in the presidential election. Republicans retained control of both houses of Congress, giving the party unified control of Congress and the presidency for the first time since the 1954 elections.
The 2012 United States elections took place on November 6, 2012. Democratic President Barack Obama won reelection to a second term and the Democrats gained seats in both chambers of Congress, retaining control of the Senate even though the Republican Party retained control of the House of Representatives. As of 2024, this is the most recent election cycle in which neither the presidency nor a chamber of Congress changed partisan control, and the last time that the party that won the presidency simultaneously gained seats in both the House of Representatives and the Senate.
The 2014 United States elections were held on Tuesday, November 4, 2014, in the middle of Democratic President Barack Obama's second term. A typical six-year itch midterm election suffered by most second-term presidents, this election saw the Republican Party retaining control of the House of Representatives and winning control of the Senate, while furthering their gains in the governorships and state legislatures. Because of these Republican gains, the election was commonly cited as a "red wave" election.
The 2016 United States elections were held on Tuesday, November 8, 2016. Republican nominee Donald Trump defeated Democratic former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton in the presidential election, while Republicans retained control of Congress. This marked the first and most recent time Republicans won or held unified control of the presidency and Congress since 2004.
The 2020 United States state legislative elections were held on November 3, 2020, for 86 state legislative chambers in 44 states. Across the fifty states, approximately 65 percent of all upper house seats and 85 percent of all lower house seats were up for election. Nine legislative chambers in the five permanently-inhabited U.S. territories and the federal district of Washington, D.C. also held elections. The elections took place concurrently with several other federal, state, and local elections, including the presidential election, U.S. Senate elections, U.S. House elections, and gubernatorial elections.
The 2018 United States state legislative elections were held on November 6, 2018, for 87 state legislative chambers in 46 states. Across the fifty states, approximately 56 percent of all upper house seats and 92 percent of all lower house seats were up for election. Additionally, six territorial chambers in four territories and the District of Columbia were up as well.
The 2022 United States state legislative elections were held on November 8, 2022, for 88 state legislative chambers in 46 states. Across the fifty states, approximately 56 percent of all upper house seats and 92 percent of all lower house seats were up for election. Additionally, six territorial chambers were up in four territories and the District of Columbia. These midterm elections coincided with other state and local elections, including gubernatorial elections in multiple states.
Elections to state legislatures were held in 46 U.S. states in 2014 with a total of 6,049 seats up for election. Six territorial chambers were up in four territories and the District of Columbia.
The 2017 United States state legislative elections were held on November 7, 2017. Three legislative chambers in two states held regularly scheduled elections. These off-year elections coincided with other state and local elections, including gubernatorial elections in two states.
The 2011 United States state legislative elections were held on November 8, 2011. Eight legislative chambers in four states held regularly scheduled elections. These off-year elections coincided with other state and local elections, including gubernatorial elections in four states.
The 2016 United States state legislative elections were held on November 8, 2016, for 86 state legislative chambers in 44 states. Across the fifty states, approximately 65 percent of all upper house seats and 85 percent of all lower house seats were up for election. Nine legislative chambers in the five permanently-inhabited U.S. territories and the federal district of Washington, D.C. also held elections. The elections took place concurrently with several other federal, state, and local elections, including the presidential election, U.S. Senate elections, U.S. House elections, and gubernatorial elections.
The 2012 United States state legislative elections were held on November 6, 2012, for 86 state legislative chambers in 44 states. Across the fifty states, approximately 65 percent of all upper house seats and 85 percent of all lower house seats were up for election. Nine legislative chambers in the five permanently-inhabited U.S. territories and the federal district of Washington, D.C. also held elections. The elections took place concurrently with several other federal, state, and local elections, including the presidential election, U.S. Senate elections, U.S. House elections, and gubernatorial elections.
Elections to state legislatures were held on November 4, 2008, alongside other elections, in which Democrats scored significant gains in a blue wave election. Elections were held for 85 legislative chambers, with all states but Louisiana, Mississippi, New Jersey, Alabama, Maryland, and Virginia holding elections in at least one house. Michigan and Minnesota held elections for their lower, but not upper houses. Seven territorial chambers in four territories and the District of Columbia were up.
Elections to state legislatures were held on November 6, 2007. Seven legislative chambers in four states held regularly-scheduled elections. These off-year elections coincided with other state and local elections, including gubernatorial elections in three states. Both chambers of the Northern Mariana Islands were up as well.
The 2006 United States state legislative elections were held on November 7, 2006, halfway through President George W. Bush's second term in office. This election was a wave elections in the United States election, and saw Democrats simultaneously reclaim both houses of Congress and pick up six governorships. Elections were held for 90 legislative chambers, with all states but Louisiana, Mississippi, New Jersey, and Virginia holding elections in at least one house. Kansas, New Mexico, and South Carolina held elections for their lower, but not upper house. Four territorial chambers in three territories and the District of Columbia were up, including the newly created territorial legislature in the U.S. Virgin Islands.
The 2024 United States state legislative elections will be held on November 5, 2024, for 85 state legislative chambers in 44 states. Across the fifty states, approximately 65 percent of all upper house seats and 85 percent of all lower house seats will be up for election. Nine legislative chambers in the five permanently inhabited U.S. territories and the federal district of Washington, D.C., will also hold elections. The elections take place concurrently with several other federal, state, and local elections, including the presidential election, U.S. Senate elections, U.S. House elections, and gubernatorial elections.