2024 United States state legislative elections

Last updated

2024 United States state legislative elections
Flag of the United States.svg
  2023 November 5, 20242025 

85 legislative chambers
44 states
 
Party Republican Democratic Coalition
Current chambers56412 [lower-alpha 1] [lower-alpha 2]

US2024stateupperhouses.svg
Map of upper house elections:
     Democratic-controlled chamber up
     Republican-controlled chamber up
     Coalition-controlled chamber up
     Non-partisan legislature
     No regularly-scheduled elections

US2024statelowerhouses.svg
Map of lower house elections:
     Democratic-controlled chamber up
     Republican-controlled chamber up
     Coalition-controlled chamber up
     Unicameral Legislature/No Lower House
     No regularly-scheduled elections

The 2024 United States state legislative elections will be held on November 5, 2024, for 85 state legislative chambers in 44 states. Across the fifty states, approximately 65 percent of all upper house seats and 85 percent of all lower house seats will be up for election. Nine legislative chambers in the five permanently inhabited U.S. territories and the federal district of Washington, D.C., will also hold elections. The elections take place concurrently with several other federal, state, and local elections, including the presidential election, U.S. Senate elections, U.S. House elections, and gubernatorial elections.

Contents

Summary table

Regularly scheduled elections will be held in 85 of the 99 state legislative chambers in the United States. Nationwide, regularly scheduled elections were held for 5,809 of the 7,383 legislative seats. Many legislative chambers held elections for all seats, but some legislative chambers that use staggered elections held elections for only a portion of the total seats in the chamber. The chambers not up for election either hold regularly-scheduled elections in odd-numbered years, or have four-year terms and hold all regularly scheduled elections in presidential midterm election years.

Note that this table only covers regularly scheduled elections; additional special elections took place concurrently with these regularly scheduled elections.

StateUpper houseLower house
Seats upTotal % upTermSeats upTotal % upTerm
Alabama 03504010504
Alaska 102050440401002
Arizona 3030100260601002
Arkansas 1835512/4 [lower-alpha 3] 1001001002
California 204050480801002
Colorado 183551465651002
Connecticut 363610021511511002
Delaware 1021522/4 [lower-alpha 3] 41411002
Florida 2040502/4 [lower-alpha 3] 1201201002
Georgia 565610021801801002
Hawaii 1225522/4 [lower-alpha 3] 51511002
Idaho 3535100270701002
Illinois 2059342/4 [lower-alpha 3] 1181181002
Indiana 25505041001001002
Iowa 25505041001001002
Kansas 404010041251251002
Kentucky 19385041001001002
Louisiana 03904010504
Maine 353510021511511002
Maryland 04704014104
Massachusetts 404010021601601002
Michigan 038041101101002
Minnesota 06702/4 [lower-alpha 3] 1341341002
Mississippi 05204012204
Missouri 17345041631631002
Montana 25505041001001002
Nebraska 25 [lower-alpha 4] 49 [lower-alpha 4] 51 [lower-alpha 4] 4N/A (unicameral)
Nevada 102148442421002
New Hampshire 242410024004001002
New Jersey 04002/4 [lower-alpha 3] 08002
New Mexico 4242100470701002
New York 636310021501501002
North Carolina 505010021201201002
North Dakota 23474944794504
Ohio 163348499991002
Oklahoma 24485041011011002
Oregon 153050460601002
Pennsylvania 25505042032031002
Rhode Island 3838100275751002
South Carolina 464610041241241002
South Dakota 3535100270701002
Tennessee 163348499991002
Texas 1531522/4 [lower-alpha 3] 1501501002
Utah 152952475751002
Vermont 303010021501501002
Virginia 04004010002
Washington 254951498981002
West Virginia 17345041001001002
Wisconsin 163348499991002
Wyoming 153148462621002
Total1096197365N/A4597541385N/A

Election predictions

Several sites and individuals publish predictions of competitive chambers. These predictions look at factors such as the strength of the party, the strength of the candidates, and the partisan leanings of the state (reflected in part by the state's Cook Partisan Voting Index rating). The predictions assign ratings to each chambers, with the rating indicating the predicted advantage that a party has in winning that election.

Most election predictors use:

State PVI [1] ChamberLast
election
270toWIn
September 6, 2023 [2]
Alaska R+8 Senate Coal. 17–3 Safe R (flip)
House of Representatives Coal. 23–16–1 Tilt R (flip)
Arizona R+2 Senate R 16–14 Tossup
House of Representatives R 31–29 Tilt R
Arkansas R+16 Senate R 29–6 Safe R
House of Representatives R 82–18 Safe R
California D+13 State Senate D 32–8 Safe D
State Assembly D 62–18 Safe D
Colorado D+4 Senate D 23–12 Safe D
House of Representatives D 46–19 Safe D
Connecticut D+7 State Senate D 24–12 Safe D
House of Representatives D 98–53 Safe D
Delaware D+7 Senate D 15–6 Safe D
House of Representatives D 26–15 Safe D
Florida R+3 Senate R 28–12 Safe R
House of Representatives R 85–35 Safe R
Georgia R+3 State Senate R 33–23 Safe R
House of Representatives R 101–79 Safe R
Hawaii D+14 Senate D 23–2 Safe D
House of Representatives D 45–6 Safe D
Idaho R+18 Senate R 28–7 Safe R
House of Representatives R 59–11 Safe R
Illinois D+7 Senate D 40–19 Safe D
House of Representatives D 78–40 Safe D
Indiana R+11 Senate R 40–10 Safe R
House of Representatives R 70–30 Safe R
Iowa R+6 Senate R 34–16 Safe R
House of Representatives R 64–36 Safe R
Kansas R+10 Senate R 29–11 Safe R
House of Representatives R 85–40 Safe R
Kentucky R+16 Senate R 31–7 Safe R
House of Representatives R 80–20 Safe R
Maine D+2 Senate D 22–13 Safe D
House of Representatives D 82–67–2 Safe D
Massachusetts D+15 Senate D 37–3 Safe D
House of Representatives D 134–25–1 Safe D
Michigan R+1 House of Representatives D 56–54 Tilt D
Minnesota D+1 House of Representatives D 70–64 Tilt D
Missouri R+10 Senate R 24–10 Safe R
House of Representatives R 111–52 Safe R
Montana R+11 Senate R 34–16 Safe R
House of Representatives R 68–32 Safe R
Nevada R+1 Senate D 13–8 Safe D
Assembly D 28–14 Safe D
New Hampshire D+1 Senate R 14–10 Safe R
House of Representatives R 201–199 Lean D (flip)
New Mexico D+3 Senate D 27–15 Safe D
House of Representatives D 45–25 Safe D
New York D+10 State Senate D 42–21 Safe D
State Assembly D 102–48 Safe D
North Carolina R+3 Senate R 30–20 Safe R
House of Representatives R 71–49 Safe R
North Dakota R+20 Senate R 43–4 Safe R
House of Representatives R 82–12 Safe R
Ohio R+6 Senate R 26–7 Safe R
House of Representatives R 67–32 Safe R
Oklahoma R+20 Senate R 40–8 Safe R
House of Representatives R 81–20 Safe R
Oregon D+6 State Senate D 17–12–1 Safe D
House of Representatives D 35–25 Safe D
Pennsylvania R+2 State Senate R 28–22 Safe R
House of Representatives D 102–101 Lean D
Rhode Island D+8 Senate D 33–5 Safe D
House of Representatives D 65–9–1 Safe D
South Carolina R+8 Senate R 30–16 Safe R
House of Representatives R 88–36 Safe R
South Dakota R+16 Senate R 31–4 Safe R
House of Representatives R 63–7 Safe R
Tennessee R+14 Senate R 27–6 Safe R
House of Representatives R 75–24 Safe R
Texas R+5 Senate R 19–12 Safe R
House of Representatives R 86–64 Safe R
Utah R+13 State Senate R 23–6 Safe R
House of Representatives R 61–14 Safe R
Vermont D+16 Senate D 22–7–1 Safe D
House of Representatives D 104–38–5–3 Safe D
Washington D+8 State Senate D 29–20 Safe D
House of Representatives D 58–40 Safe D
West Virginia R+22 Senate R 30–4 Safe R
House of Delegates R 88–12 Safe R
Wisconsin R+2 Senate R 22–11 Safe R
State Assembly R 64–35 Safe R
Wyoming R+25 Senate R 29–2 Safe R
House of Representatives R 57–5 Safe R

State summaries

Alaska

Half of the seats of the Alaska Senate and all of the seats of the Alaska House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. The Alaska Senate and the Alaska House of Representatives are controlled by coalitions of Democrats, Republicans, and independents. The Alaska House of Representatives and the Alaska Senate are currently the only two state legislative chambers controlled by a cross-partisan coalition.

Alaska Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Gary Stevens 9 [lower-alpha 2]
Republican 8
3
Total2020Steady2.svg
Alaska House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Calvin Schrage 1
Cathy Tilton 20 [lower-alpha 1]
Independent 1
Calvin Schrage 4
Democratic 11
Cathy Tilton 2
Independent
Republican
1 [lower-alpha 5]
Total4040Steady2.svg

Arizona

All of the seats of the Arizona Senate and the Arizona House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Arizona Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Warren Petersen 16
Democratic Mitzi Epstein 14
Total3030Steady2.svg
Arizona House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Ben Toma (term-limited)31
Democratic Lupe Contreras 29
Total6060Steady2.svg

Arkansas

Half of the seats of the Arkansas Senate and all of the seats of the Arkansas House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Arkansas State Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Bart Hester 29
Democratic Greg Leding 6
Total3535Steady2.svg
Arkansas House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Matthew Shepherd 82
Democratic Tippi McCullough 18
Total100100Steady2.svg

California

Half of the seats of the California State Senate and all of the seats of the California State Assembly are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

California State Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Mike McGuire 32
Republican Brian Jones 8
Total4040Steady2.svg
California General Assembly
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Robert Rivas 62
Republican James Gallagher 18
Total8080Steady2.svg

Colorado

Half of the seats of the Colorado Senate and all of the seats of the Colorado House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Colorado State Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Steve Fenberg (term-limited)23
Republican Paul Lundeen 12
Total3535Steady2.svg
Colorado House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Julie McCluskie 46
Republican Rose Pugliese 19
Total6565Steady2.svg

Connecticut

All of the seats of the Connecticut State Senate and the Connecticut House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Connecticut State Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Martin Looney 24
Republican Kevin C. Kelly 12
Total3636Steady2.svg
Connecticut House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Matthew Ritter 98
Republican Vincent Candelora 53
Total151151Steady2.svg

Delaware

Half of the seats of the Delaware State Senate and all of the Delaware House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Delaware State Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic David Sokola 15
Republican Gerald Hocker 6
Total2121Steady2.svg
Delaware House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Valerie Longhurst 26
Republican Michael Ramone 15
Total4141Steady2.svg

Florida

Half of the seats of the Florida Senate and all of the seats of the Florida House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Florida Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Kathleen Passidomo (term-limited)28
Democratic Lauren Book (term-limited)12
Total4040Steady2.svg
Florida House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Paul Renner (term-limited)84
Democratic Fentrice Driskell 36
Total120120Steady2.svg

Georgia

All of the seats of the Georgia State Senate and the Georgia House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Georgia State Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican John Kennedy 33
Democratic Gloria Butler (retiring)23
Total5656Steady2.svg
Georgia House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Jon Burns 102
Democratic James Beverly (retiring)78
Total180180Steady2.svg

Hawaii

Half of the seats of the Hawaii Senate and all of the seats of the Hawaii House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Hawaii Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Ron Kouchi 23
Republican Kurt Fevella 2
Total2525Steady2.svg
Hawaii House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Scott Saiki 45
Republican Lauren Matsumoto 6
Total5151Steady2.svg

Idaho

All of the seats of the Idaho Senate and the Idaho House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Idaho Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Chuck Winder 28
Democratic Melissa Wintrow 7
Total3535Steady2.svg
Idaho House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Mike Moyle 59
Democratic Ilana Rubel 11
Total7070Steady2.svg

Illinois

One third of the seats of the Illinois Senate and all of the seats of the Illinois House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Illinois Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Don Harmon 40
Republican John Curran 19
Total5959Steady2.svg
Illinois House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Chris Welch 78
Republican Tony McCombie 40
Total118118Steady2.svg

Indiana

Half of the seats of the Indiana Senate and all of the seats of the Indiana House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Indiana Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Rodric Bray 40
Democratic Greg Taylor 10
Total5050Steady2.svg
Indiana House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Todd Huston 70
Democratic Phil GiaQuinta 30
Total100100Steady2.svg

Iowa

Half of the seats of the Iowa Senate and all of the seats of the Iowa House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Iowa Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Amy Sinclair 34
Democratic Pam Jochum (retiring)16
Total5050Steady2.svg
Iowa House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Pat Grassley 64
Democratic Jennifer Konfrst 36
Total100100Steady2.svg

Kansas

All of the seats of the Kansas Senate and the Kansas House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Kansas Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Ty Masterson 28
Democratic Dinah Sykes 11
Independent Dennis Pyle 1
Total4040Steady2.svg
Kansas House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Daniel Hawkins 85
Democratic Vic Miller 40
Total125125Steady2.svg

Kentucky

Half of the seats of the Kentucky Senate and all of the seats of the Kentucky House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Kentucky Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Robert Stivers 31
Democratic Gerald Neal 7
Total3838Steady2.svg
Kentucky House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican David Osborne 80
Democratic Derrick Graham (retiring)20
Total100100Steady2.svg

Maine

All of the seats of the Maine Senate and the Maine House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Maine Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Troy Jackson (term-limited)22
Republican Trey Stewart 13
Total3535Steady2.svg
Maine House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Rachel Talbot Ross (term-limited)81
Republican Billy Bob Faulkingham 68
Independent 2
Total151151Steady2.svg

Massachusetts

All of the seats of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Massachusetts Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Karen Spilka 36
Republican Bruce Tarr 4
Total4040Steady2.svg
Massachusetts House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Ron Mariano 134
Independent 1
Republican Bradley Jones Jr. 25
Total160160Steady2.svg

Michigan

All of the seats of the Michigan House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. The Michigan Senate will not hold regularly scheduled elections in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Michigan House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Joe Tate 56
Republican Matt Hall 54
Total110110Steady2.svg

Minnesota

All of the seats of the Minnesota House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. The Minnesota Senate will not hold regularly scheduled elections in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Minnesota House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic (DFL) Melissa Hortman 70
Republican Lisa Demuth 64
Total134134Steady2.svg

Missouri

Half of the seats of the Missouri Senate and all of the seats of the Missouri House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Missouri Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Caleb Rowden (term-limited)24
Democratic John Rizzo (term-limited)10
Total3434Steady2.svg
Missouri House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Dean Plocher (term-limited)111
Democratic Crystal Quade (term-limited)52
Total163163Steady2.svg

Montana

Half of the seats of the Montana Senate and all of the seats of the Montana House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Montana Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Jason Ellsworth 34
Democratic Pat Flowers 16
Total5050Steady2.svg
Montana House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Matt Regier (term-limited)68
Democratic Kim Abbott (term-limited)32
Total100100Steady2.svg

Nebraska

Nebraska is the only U.S. state with a unicameral legislature; half of the seats of the Nebraska Legislature are up for election in 2024. Nebraska is also unique in that its legislature is officially non-partisan and holds non-partisan elections, although the Democratic and Republican parties each endorse legislative candidates.

Nebraska Legislature
PartyBeforeAfterChange
Republican 33
Democratic 15
Independent 1
Total4949Steady2.svg

Nevada

Half of the seats of the Nevada Senate and all of the seats of the Nevada Assembly are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Nevada Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Pat Spearman (term-limited)13
Republican Heidi Gansert (retiring)8
Total2121Steady2.svg
Nevada Assembly
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Steve Yeager 28
Republican P. K. O'Neill 14
Total4242Steady2.svg

New Hampshire

All of the seats of the New Hampshire Senate and the New Hampshire House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

New Hampshire Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Jeb Bradley 14
Democratic Donna Soucy 10
Total2424Steady2.svg
New Hampshire House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Sherman Packard 201
Democratic Matthew Wilhelm 196
Independent 3
Total400400Steady2.svg

New Mexico

All of the seats of the New Mexico Senate and the New Mexico House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

New Mexico Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Mimi Stewart 27
Republican Gregory A. Baca (retiring)15
Total4242Steady2.svg
New Mexico House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Javier Martínez 45
Republican Rod Montoya 25
Total7070Steady2.svg

New York

All of the seats of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

New York State Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Andrea Stewart-Cousins 42
Republican Rob Ortt 21
Total6363Steady2.svg
New York State Assembly
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Carl Heastie 102
Republican William Barclay 48
Total150150Steady2.svg

North Carolina

All of the seats of the North Carolina Senate and the North Carolina House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

North Carolina Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Phil Berger 30
Democratic Dan Blue 20
Total5050Steady2.svg
North Carolina House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Tim Moore (retiring)72
Democratic Robert Reives 48
Total120120Steady2.svg

North Dakota

Half of the seats of the North Dakota Senate and the North Dakota House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

North Dakota Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Donald Schaible 43
Democratic-NPL Kathy Hogan 4
Total4747Steady2.svg
North Dakota House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Dennis Johnson (retiring)82
Democratic-NPL Zac Ista 12
Total9494Steady2.svg

Ohio

Half of the seats of the Ohio Senate and all of the seats of the Ohio House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Ohio Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Matt Huffman (term-limited)26
Democratic Nickie Antonio 7
Total3333Steady2.svg
Ohio House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Jason Stephens 67
Democratic Allison Russo 32
Total9999Steady2.svg

Oklahoma

Half of the seats of the Oklahoma Senate and all of the seats of the Oklahoma House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Oklahoma Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Greg Treat (term-limited)40
Democratic Kay Floyd (term-limited)8
Total4848Steady2.svg
Oklahoma House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Charles McCall (term-limited)81
Democratic Cyndi Munson 20
Total101101Steady2.svg

Oregon

Half of the seats of the Oregon State Senate and all of the seats of the Oregon House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Oregon State Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Rob Wagner 17
Republican Tim Knopp (disqualified) [lower-alpha 6] 11
Oregon Independent Brian Boquist (disqualified) [lower-alpha 7] 1
Independent Republican 1
Total3030Steady2.svg
Oregon House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Julie Fahey 35
Republican Jeff Helfrich 25
Total6060Steady2.svg

Pennsylvania

Half of the seats of the Pennsylvania State Senate and all of the seats of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control the upper house, whereas Democrats hold a majority in the lower house.

Pennsylvania State Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Kim Ward 28
Democratic Jay Costa 22
Total5050Steady2.svg
Pennsylvania House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Joanna McClinton 102
Republican Bryan Cutler 101
Total203203Steady2.svg

Rhode Island

All of the seats of the Rhode Island Senate and the Rhode Island House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Rhode Island Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Dominick J. Ruggerio 33
Republican Jessica de la Cruz 5
Total3838Steady2.svg
Rhode Island House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Joe Shekarchi 65
Republican Michael Chippendale 9
Independent 1
Total7575Steady2.svg

South Carolina

All of the seats of the South Carolina Senate and the South Carolina House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

South Carolina Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Thomas C. Alexander 30
Democratic Brad Hutto 15
Independent Mia McLeod 1
Total4646Steady2.svg
South Carolina House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Murrell Smith Jr. 88
Democratic Todd Rutherford 36
Total124124Steady2.svg

South Dakota

All of the seats of the South Dakota Senate and the South Dakota House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

South Dakota Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Lee Schoenbeck (retiring)31
Democratic Reynold Nesiba (term-limited)4
Total3535Steady2.svg
South Dakota House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Hugh Bartels (term-limited)63
Democratic Oren Lesmeister (term-limited)7
Total7070Steady2.svg

Tennessee

Half of the seats of the Tennessee Senate and all of the seats of the Tennessee House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Tennessee Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Randy McNally 27
Democratic Raumesh Akbari 6
Total3333Steady2.svg
Tennessee House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Cameron Sexton 75
Democratic Karen Camper 24
Total9999Steady2.svg

Texas

Half of the seats of the Texas Senate and all of the seats of the Texas House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Texas Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Charles Schwertner 19
Democratic Carol Alvarado 12
Total3131Steady2.svg
Texas House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Dade Phelan 86
Democratic Trey Martinez Fischer 64
Total150150Steady2.svg

Utah

Half of the seats of the Utah State Senate and all of the seats of the Utah House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Utah Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican J. Stuart Adams 23
Democratic Luz Escamilla 6
Total2929Steady2.svg
Utah House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Mike Schultz 61
Democratic Angela Romero 14
Total7575Steady2.svg

Vermont

All of the seats of the Vermont Senate and the Vermont House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Vermont Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Philip Baruth 22
Republican Randy Brock 7
Progressive Tanya Vyhovsky 1
Total3030Steady2.svg
Vermont House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Jill Krowinski 104
Republican Patricia McCoy 37
Progressive Emma Mulvaney-Stanak 5
Independent 3
Libertarian Jarrod Sammis 1
Total150150Steady2.svg

Washington

Half of the seats of the Washington State Senate and all of the seats of the Washington House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Democrats currently control both chambers.

Washington State Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Karen Keiser 29
Republican John Braun 20
Total4949Steady2.svg
Washington House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Laurie Jinkins 58
Republican Drew Stokesbary 40
Total9898Steady2.svg

West Virginia

Half of the seats of the West Virginia Senate and all of the seats of the West Virginia House of Delegates are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

West Virginia Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Craig Blair 31
Democratic Mike Woelfel 3
Total3434Steady2.svg
West Virginia House of Delegates
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Roger Hanshaw 89
Democratic Sean Hornbuckle 11
Total100100Steady2.svg

Wisconsin

Half of the seats of the Wisconsin Senate and all of the seats of the Wisconsin State Assembly are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Wisconsin Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Chris Kapenga 22
Democratic Dianne Hesselbein 11
Total3333Steady2.svg
Wisconsin State Assembly
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Robin Vos 64
Democratic Greta Neubauer 35
Total9999Steady2.svg

Wyoming

Half of the seats of the Wyoming Senate and all of the seats of the Wyoming House of Representatives are up for election in 2024. Republicans currently control both chambers.

Wyoming Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Ogden Driskill 29
Democratic Chris Rothfuss 2
Total3131Steady2.svg
Wyoming House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Albert Sommers 57
Democratic Mike Yin 5
Total6262Steady2.svg

Territorial and federal district summaries

American Samoa

All of the seats of the American Samoa Senate and the American Samoa House of Representatives were up for election. Members of the Senate serve four-year terms, while members of the House of Representatives serve two-year terms. Gubernatorial and legislative elections are conducted on a nonpartisan basis in American Samoa.

Guam

All of the seats of the unicameral Legislature of Guam were up for election. All members of the legislature serve a two-year term.

Guam Legislature
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Tina Rose Muña Barnes 8
Republican Telo T. Taitague 7
Total1515

Northern Mariana Islands

A portion of the seats of the Northern Mariana Islands Senate, and all of the seats of the Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives, were up for election. Members of the Senate serve either four-year terms, while members of the House serve two-year terms.

Northern Mariana Islands Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Victor Hocog 5
Independent Paul Manglona3
Democratic Edith Guerrero1
Total99
Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Republican Blas Jonathan T. Attao9
Democratic Edmund Villagomez8
Independent 3
Total2020

Puerto Rico

All of the seats of the Senate of Puerto Rico and the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico are up for election in 2024. Members of the Senate and the House of Representatives both serve four-year terms.

Puerto Rico Senate
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Popular Democratic José Luis Dalmau 13
New Progressive Thomas Rivera Schatz 9
Citizen's Victory Movement Ana Irma Rivera Lassén 2
Puerto Rican Independence María de Lourdes Santiago 1
Project Dignity Joanne Rodríguez Veve 1
Independent 1
Total2727
Puerto Rico House of Representatives
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Popular Democratic Tatito Hernández 26
New Progressive Carlos Johnny Méndez 21
Citizen's Victory Movement Mariana Nogales Molinelli 2
Puerto Rican Independence Denis Márquez Lebrón1
Project Dignity Lisie Burgos Muñiz1
Total5151

U.S. Virgin Islands

All of the seats of the unicameral Legislature of the Virgin Islands were up for election in 2020. All members of the legislature serve a two-year term.

Virgin Islands Legislature
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Novelle Francis 10
Independent 5
Total1515

Washington, D.C.

The Council of the District of Columbia serves as the legislative branch of the federal district of Washington, D.C. Half of the council seats are up for election in 2024. Council members serve four-year terms.

District of Columbia Council
PartyLeaderBeforeAfterChange
Democratic Phil Mendelson 11
Independent 2
Total1313

Special elections

There are currently forty-three state legislative special elections scheduled for 2024. [4]

Alabama

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected
ResultsCandidates
House 16 Kyle South Republican2014Incumbent resigned June 30, 2023, to become president and CEO of the Chamber of Commerce of West Alabama. [5]
New member elected January 9, 2024.
Republican hold.
  • Green check.svgY Bryan Brinyark (Republican) 83.4%
  • John Underwood (Democratic) 16.5%
  • Write-in 0.1% [6]
House 55 Fred Plump Democratic 2022 Incumbent resigned May 23, 2023, after being charged with conspiracy to commit wire fraud and obstruction of justice. [7]
New member elected outright after the January 9, 2024, general election was cancelled.
Democratic hold.
House 10 David Cole Republican 2022 Incumbent resigned August 31, 2023, after being charged with voter fraud. [9]
New member elected March 26, 2024
Democratic gain.
  • Green check.svgY Marilyn Lands (Democratic) 62.3%
  • Teddy Powell (Republican) 37.5%
  • Write-in 0.2% [10]
Senate 9 Clay Scofield Republican 2010 Incumbent resigned October 30, 2023, to become executive vice president of the Business Council of Alabama. [11]
New member elected outright after the April 23, 2024, general election was cancelled.
Republican hold.
House 27 Wes Kitchens Republican 2018 Incumbent resigned January 23, 2024, to join the State Senate. [13]
New member to be elected July 16, 2024.
  • Alan Miller (Republican)
  • Jeana Ross (Republican) [14]
House 52 John Rogers Democratic1982Incumbent resigned March 13, 2024, after being charged with conspiracy to commit mail and wire fraud and conspiracy to obstruct justice. [15]
New member to be elected October 1, 2024. [16]
  • Dedra Campbell (Democratic)
  • Carlos Crum (Republican)
  • Kelvin Datcher (Democratic)
  • Eric Major (Democratic)
  • LaTanya Millhouse (Democratic)
  • Eyrika Parker (Democratic)
  • Frank Woodson (Democratic) [17]

Connecticut

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected
ResultsCandidates
House 115 Dorinda Keenan Borer Democratic2017
(special)
Incumbent resigned December 2, 2023, to become mayor of West Haven. [18]
New member elected January 23, 2024.
Democratic hold.
  • Green check.svgY Bill Heffernan (Democratic) 55.7%
  • Silvana Apicella (Republican) 22.7%
  • Ed O'Brien (Independent) 21.6% [19]

Florida

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected
ResultsCandidates
House 35 Fred Hawkins Republican 2020 Incumbent resigned June 30, 2023, to become president of South Florida State College. [20]
New member elected January 16, 2024.
Democratic gain.
  • Green check.svgY Tom Keen (Democratic) 51.3%
  • Erika Booth (Republican) 48.7% [21]
Senate 24 Bobby Powell Democratic2016Incumbent resigning November 4, 2024, to run for Palm Beach County Commission. [22]
New member to be elected TBD.
  • TBD (Democratic)
  • TBD (Republican)

Georgia

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected
ResultsCandidates
House 125 Barry Fleming Republican2012Incumbent resigned January 9, 2024, to become a Columbia Judicial District Superior Court judge. [23]
New member elected March 12, 2024, after no one received over 50% of the vote on February 13, 2024.
Republican hold.
Senate 30 Mike Dugan Republican2012Incumbent resigned January 3, 2024, to focus on his campaign for Georgia's 3rd congressional district . [26]
New member elected February 13, 2024.
Republican hold.
  • Green check.svgY Tim Bearden (Republican) 58.9%
  • Ashley Kecskes Godwin (Democratic) 17.2%
  • Bob Smith (Republican) 12.8%
  • Renae Bell (Republican) 11.2% [27]
House 139 Richard H. Smith Republican2004Incumbent died January 30, 2024, from influenza. [28]
New member to be elected May 7, 2024, after no one received over 50% of the vote on April 9, 2024.
Republican hold.
  • First round:
  • Orange check.svgYSean Knox (Republican) 42.6%
  • Orange check.svgYCarmen Rice (Republican) 42.1%
  • Robert Mallard (Independent) 9.7%
  • Don Moeller (Republican) 5.7% [29]
  • Runoff:
  • Sean Knox (Republican)
  • Carmen Rice (Republican)

Hawaii

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected
ResultsCandidates
Senate 5 Gilbert Keith-Agaran Democratic2013
(appointed)
Incumbent resigned October 31, 2023, to focus on litigation about the 2023 Hawaii wildfires. [30]
New member to be elected November 5, 2024. [lower-alpha 8]
  • TBD (Democratic)
  • TBD (Republican)

Illinois

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected
ResultsCandidates
Senate 5 Patricia Van Pelt Democratic 2012 Incumbent resigned August 1, 2023, due to health issues. [32]
New member to be elected November 5, 2024. [lower-alpha 9]
Senate 20 Cristina Pacione-Zayas Democratic2020
(appointed)
Incumbent resigned May 31, 2023, to become Chicago mayor Brandon Johnson's deputy chief of staff. [35]
New member to be elected November 5, 2024. [lower-alpha 10]
  • Graciela Guzman (Democratic)
  • Jason Proctor (Republican) [37]
Senate 27 Ann Gillespie Democratic 2018 Incumbent resigned April 14, 2024, after being appointed as director of the Illinois Department of Insurance. [38]
New member to be elected November 5, 2024. [lower-alpha 11]
  • TBD (Democratic)
  • TBD (Republican)
Senate 53 Jason Barickman Republican 2012 Incumbent resigned January 11, 2023, due to increased work obligations outside of the legislature. [39]
New member to be elected November 5, 2024. [lower-alpha 12]
  • Chris Balkema (Republican) [41]

Kentucky

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected
ResultsCandidates
House 24 Brandon Reed Republican 2016 Incumbent resigned January 15, 2024, to become executive director of the Kentucky Office of Agricultural Policy. [42]
New member elected March 19, 2024.
Republican hold.
  • Green check.svgY Courtney Gilbert (Republican) 62.5%
  • John Pennington (Democratic) 22.7%
  • Craig Astor (write-in) 14.9% [43]
House 26 Russell Webber Republican2012Incumbent resigned January 2, 2024, to become deputy treasurer of Kentucky. [44]
New member elected March 19, 2024.
Republican hold.

Maine

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected
ResultsCandidates
House 122 Lois Reckitt Democratic2016Incumbent died October 30, 2023, of colon cancer. [45]
New member elected March 5, 2024.
Democratic hold.
  • Green check.svgY Matthew D. Beck (Democratic) 74.4%
  • Brendan Williams (Independent) 14.8%
  • Tristram Howard (Independent) 10.8% [46]

Massachusetts

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected
ResultsCandidates
House Worcester 6 Peter Durant Republican2011
(special)
Incumbent resigned November 29, 2023, to join the State Senate. [47]
New member elected March 5, 2024.
Republican hold.

Michigan

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected
ResultsCandidates
House 13 Lori Stone Democratic 2018 Incumbent resigned November 20, 2023 to become mayor of Warren. [49]
New member elected April 16, 2024.
Democratic hold.
  • Green check.svgY Mai Xiong (Democratic) 65.6%
  • Ronald Singer (Republican) 34.4% [50]
House 25 Kevin Coleman Democratic 2018 Incumbent resigned November 11, 2023, to become mayor of Westland. [51]
New member elected April 16, 2024.
Democratic hold.
  • Green check.svgY Peter Herzberg (Democratic) 59.6%
  • Josh Powell (Republican) 38.3%
  • Robert Stano (U.S. Taxpayers) 2.1% [50]

Minnesota

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected
ResultsCandidates
House 27B Kurt Daudt Republican 2010 Incumbent resigned February 11, 2024. [52]
New member elected March 19, 2024.
Republican hold.
  • Green check.svgYBryan Lawrence (Republican) 84.5%
  • Brad Brown (DFL) 15.4%
  • Write-in 0.1% [53]

New Hampshire

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected
ResultsCandidates
House Coos 1 Troy Merner Republican2016Incumbent resigned September 19, 2023, after moving out of his district. [54]
New member elected January 23, 2024.
Republican hold.
  • Green check.svgY Sean Durkin (Republican) 60.2%
  • Cathleen Fountain (Democratic) 39.8% [19]
House Coos 6 William Hatch Democratic2006Incumbent resigned September 18, 2023, due to health issues. [55]
New member elected January 23, 2024.
Republican gain.
House Strafford 11Hoy MenearDemocratic 2022 Incumbent died November 13, 2023. [56]
New member elected March 12, 2024.
Democratic hold.
House Rockingham 21 Robin Vogt Democratic 2022 Incumbent resigned December 1, 2023, after moving out of his district. [58]
New member elected March 12, 2024.
Democratic hold.

New York

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected
ResultsCandidates
Assembly 77 Latoya Joyner Democratic2014Incumbent resigned January 8, 2024, to take a job outside of government. [59]
New member elected February 13, 2024.
Democratic hold.
  • Green check.svgY Landon Dais (Democratic) 74.6%
  • Norman McGill (Republican) 20.1%
  • Write-in 5.3% [60]

North Dakota

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected
ResultsCandidates
House 23 Scott Dyk Republican 2022 Incumbent resigned April 7, 2024, due to family health issues. [61]
New member to be elected November 5, 2024. [lower-alpha 13]
  • TBD (Democratic-NPL)
  • TBD (Republican)

Oklahoma

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected
ResultsCandidates
House 39 Ryan Martinez Republican2016Incumbent resigned September 1, 2023, after pleading guilty to driving while under the influence. [62]
New member elected February 13, 2024.
Republican hold.
  • Green check.svgY Erick Harris (Republican) 50.4%
  • Regan Raff (Democratic) 45.1%
  • Richard Prawdzienski (Libertarian) 4.5% [63]
Senate 46 Kay Floyd Democratic2014Incumbent resigning TBD due to term limits. [64]
New member to be elected November 5, 2024.
  • Charles Barton (Republican)
  • Sam Wargin Grimaldo (Democratic)
  • Mark Mann (Democratic)
  • David Pilchman (Independent) [65]
Senate 48 George E. Young Democratic2018Incumbent resigning November 15, 2024. [66]
New member to be elected November 5, 2024.

Pennsylvania

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected
ResultsCandidates
House 140 John Galloway Democratic 2006 Incumbent resigned December 14, 2023, to become a district court judge. [67]
New member elected February 13, 2024.
Democratic hold.
House 139 Joseph Adams Republican 2022 Incumbent resigned February 9, 2024, due to urgent family medical needs. [69]
New member elected April 23, 2024.
Republican hold.
  • Green check.svgYJeffrey Olsommer (Republican) 58.4%
  • Robin Skibber (Democratic) 41.6% [70]

South Carolina

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected
ResultsCandidates
Senate 19 John L. Scott Jr. Democratic 2008 Incumbent died August 13, 2023, from blood clot issues. [71]
New member elected January 2, 2024.
Democratic hold.
  • Green check.svgY Tameika Isaac Devine (Democratic) 86.0%
  • Kizzie Smalls (Republican) 9.7%
  • Michael Addison (Forward) 2.7%
  • Chris Nelums (United Citizens) 1.6%
  • Write-in 0.1% [72]
House 109 Deon Tedder Democratic 2020 Incumbent resigned November 7, 2023, to join the State Senate. [73]
New member elected April 2, 2024.
Democratic hold.

Texas

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected
ResultsCandidates
House 2 Bryan Slaton Republican 2020 Incumbent resigned May 8, 2023, after facing calls for his expulsion following a scandal involving an inappropriate relationship with an intern; he was subsequently expelled on May 9, 2023. [75]
New member elected January 30, 2024, after no one received over 50% of the vote on November 7, 2023.
Republican hold.
  • First round:
  • Orange check.svgYBrent Money (Republican) 31.7%
  • Orange check.svgY Jill Dutton (Republican) 25.3%
  • Heath Hyde (Republican) 21.5%
  • Kristen Washington (Democratic) 11.2%
  • Doug Roszhart (Republican) 7.8%
  • Krista Schild (Republican) 2.5% [76]
  • Runoff:
  • Green check.svgY Jill Dutton (Republican) 50.4%
  • Brent Money (Republican) 49.6% [77]
Senate 15 John Whitmire Democratic1982Incumbent resigned December 31, 2023 to become mayor of Houston. [78]
New member to be elected May 4, 2024.

Utah

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected
ResultsCandidates
Senate 12 Karen Mayne Democratic2007
(appointed)
Incumbent resigned January 16, 2023, due to health issues. [80]
New member to be elected November 5, 2024. [lower-alpha 14]

Virginia

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected
ResultsCandidates
House 48 Les Adams
Redistricted from the 16th district
Republican 2013 Incumbent resigned January 9, 2024. [83]
New member elected January 9, 2024.
Republican hold.
  • Green check.svgY Eric Phillips (Republican) 69.6%
  • Melody Cartwright (Democratic) 30.3%
  • Write-in 0.1% [84]
Senate 9 Frank Ruff
Redistricted from the 15th district
Republican2000
(special)
Incumbent resigned January 9, 2024, after being diagnosed with cancer. [85]
New member elected January 9, 2024.
Republican hold.

Wisconsin

DistrictIncumbentThis race
ChamberNo.RepresentativePartyFirst
elected
ResultsCandidates
Senate 4 Lena Taylor Democratic2004Incumbent resigned January 26, 2024, to become a Milwaukee County Circuit Court judge. [87]
New member to be elected TBD.

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 The Alaska House of Representatives prior to the 2024 elections is controlled by a coalition of 20 Republicans, 2 Democrats, and 1 Independent.
  2. 1 2 The Alaska Senate prior to the 2024 elections is controlled by a grand coalition of 9 Democrats and 8 Republicans.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 The upper houses of Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Minnesota, New Jersey, and Texas use a 2-4-4 term length system.
  4. 1 2 3 These figures represent the seats of Nebraska's unicameral legislature.
  5. Consists of representative David Eastman, who is not a member of the Republican caucus.
  6. Per Oregon Ballot Measure 113, Knopp exceeded the ten allotted unexcused absences allowed before being barred from running for re-election. [3]
  7. Per Oregon Ballot Measure 113, Boquist exceeded the ten allotted unexcused absences allowed before being barred from running for re-election. [3]
  8. Troy Hashimoto was appointed as interim senator on November 9, 2023. [31]
  9. Lakesia Collins was appointed as interim senator on August 16, 2023. [33]
  10. Natalie Toro was appointed as interim senator on July 11, 2023. [36]
  11. An interim senator will be appointed TBD
  12. Thomas M. Bennett was appointed as interim senator on January 9, 2023. [40]
  13. An interim representative will be appointed TBD.
  14. Karen Kwan was appointed as interim senator on January 16, 2023. [81]

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