West Central | |
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Coordinates: 47°40′04.8″N117°26′25.6″W / 47.668000°N 117.440444°W | |
Country | United States |
State | Washington |
County | Spokane |
City | Spokane |
Population (2017 [1] ) | |
• Total | 8,754 |
Demographics 2017 | |
• White | 78.8% |
• Latinx | 8.5% |
• Native American | 5.2% |
• Black | 4.6% |
• Asian | 1.6% |
Time zone | UTC-8 (PST) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC-7 (PDT) |
ZIP Codes | 99201, 99205 and 99260 |
Area code | 509 |
West Central is a neighborhood in Spokane, Washington. As the name suggests it is located centrally on the west side of the city. Downtown Spokane is immediately east of the neighborhood, and spreads into West Central along Monroe Street in the Kendall Yards area. The neighborhood is diverse, with single and multi-family residential zones dating back to the early days of Spokane, a new mixed use development on the site of a former rail yard, the Spokane County Courthouse campus and associated government buildings and a few commercial districts. The Spokane River gorge winds around the southern and western edge of the neighborhood. It is home to Nettleton's Addition Historic District, which was added to the National Register of Historic Places in March 2006, [2] and is also the largest historic district on the Washington State Heritage Register (as of 2005).
The Spokane River gorge is the dominant physical feature of the neighborhood and serves as its southern, western and northwestern boundary as the river winds its way downstream in a generally northwesterly direction away from Downtown Spokane. The terrain falls off dramatically from the largely flat plain of West Central more than 200 feet down to the river. [3] The river separates West Central from the neighborhoods of Peaceful Valley on the south and West Hills on the west. Monroe Street, a major north–south thoroughfare and commercial district, serves as the eastern border of the neighborhood, beyond which lie the neighborhoods of Riverside and Emerson/Garfield. Indiana, an east–west thoroughfare, separates West Central from Emerson/Garfield on the north.
There are three crossings of the Spokane River providing access into West Central. On the eastern edge of the neighborhood the Monroe Street Bridge leads into the heart of downtown, in the center the Maple Street Bridge connects the west end of downtown with West Central, and on the western edge the Sandifur Bridge provides pedestrian access into Peaceful Valley. [4]
The Spokane River Centennial Trail passes through the neighborhood, along the top of the bluff that follows the course of the river. It connects West Central with areas in northwest Spokane and beyond to Nine Mile Falls. To the east it follows the river through downtown Spokane, and out into the Spokane Valley to the Idaho state line.
Named for the Kendall Rail Yard that once took up the entirety of the southern section of West Central. The rail yard was moved in the 1970s, but the ground was contaminated by the former use and the site was left empty until the first decade of the 21st century. In the 2000s, a series of proposals for development were floated, but none came to fruition until 2010 when Greenstone Corporation's plan was approved. Since then, the Kendall Yards district has been expanding westward across the abandoned land. It is a mixed-use district with retail and multi-family housing on the east. Density decreases as the neighborhood moves further to the west, away from downtown. The multi-family buildings give way to townhouses and ultimately single-family housing. [5]
The commercial district on the eastern end of Kendall Yards spills directly into Downtown Spokane across Monroe Street. It is home to numerous retail stores, restaurants and a grocery. From spring into fall, a few blocks of Summit Avenue in the heart of the commercial district are closed to automobiles every Wednesday evening for the Kendall Yards Night Market. [6]
Nettleton's Addition Historic District makes up a significant portion of the residential area of Spokane's West Central neighborhood. Originally platted in 1887, 76% of the residential properties in the district were built between 1900 and 1912. [7] Located in the historic district is Doyle's Ice Cream Parlor, which has been serving the neighborhood since 1939. [8]
The district has played a large role in the streetcar-era of Spokane, and also reflects the typical lifecycle of American cities of rapid development, slow decline, and urban renewal. [9] [10]
Nettleton's Addition Historic District is located in the western portion of West Central and bounded on the south by Bridge Street, on the west by Summit and A Streets, on the north by Mission Avenue along the Spokane River bluff and on the east by Chestnut Street. It takes up an area of more than 38 square blocks. [11]
For thousands of years, the Spokane people have lived in the place now known as West Central. Fishing camps were established on the banks of the river to take advantage of the great salmon runs in the area. These salmon runs came to an abrupt end in 1915 with the construction of a dam downstream that did not contain a fish ladder. [12]
The first European settlement in the area came in 1879 when a Colonel Jenkins homesteaded in present-day West Central. In 1887, William Nettleton pushed development of the neighborhood forward when he bought and platted 278 acres in the area. The Spokane County Courthouse was completed on the eastern end of the neighborhood, on Broadway a block west of Monroe, in 1895. By the first decade of the 20th century, the neighborhood had been connected by bridge to the downtown core and was seen as a middle-class suburb of the city center. The neighborhood became home to a variety of architectural styles such as American Craftsman, Bungalow, Queen Anne and Victorian. [13]
As the neighborhood grew during this period, the southern portion became dominated by railroads. The Northern Pacific Railroad and Union Pacific Railroad laid down lines in what is now Kendall Yards. From the 1880s through the early 1970s the area between Bridge Street and the Spokane River gorge was a rail yard. After the rail yards were abandoned in the 1970s, the southern fringe of West Central sat empty until the Kendall Yards development was constructed in the 21st century. [13]
In 1925, the neighborhood became critical to Spokane's small but active Japanese community. In the decades prior, Japanese immigrants settled on the outskirts of Spokane and set up small vegetable farms. The Spokane Vegetable Growers Association was established by Frank Hirata at 1109 W. Ide Avenue on the eastern edge of West Central. In the middle of the 20th century the association was bought out by Shozo Higashi, who eventually moved it out of the neighborhood. [14]
From 1887 through 1968, a flat area along the riverbank in the northwestern corner of West Central was home to Natatorium Park, a popular amusement park for people from all over the city. Trolley lines were laid around the neighborhood and city, connecting the park with the rest of the Spokane area. Initially known as Ingersoll Park when it was first developed, and then as Twickenham Park to reflect the common name of the area at the time, Twickenham Addition, it took on the Natatorium Park name in 1829. The park was home to a swimming pool, baseball diamond, hotel, casino and numerous amusement rides and roller-coasters. The Looff Carousel that now sits in Riverfront Park was originally housed at Natatorium Park. [15]
Along with the historic districts named above, West Central is home to 13 individual properties that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) on their own merit.
As of 2017, there were 8,754 residents in the neighborhood across 3,424 households, of which 21.9% had children. 56.7% of households were rented, compared to 45.3% citywide. 23.5% of the residents were aged 19 or younger, compared to 21.9% citywide. Those over 65 made up 10.4% of the population, compared to 14.5% citywide. The median household income was $28,249, compared to $44,768 citywide. 15.8% of the population had a bachelor's degree or higher, while 29.9% had at most a high school diploma. The unemployment rate was 12% compared to 6.5% citywide. 63.1% of students qualify for free or reduced lunch, compared to 54.5% citywide. [31]
West Central is served by Spokane Public Schools and home to one school: Holmes Elementary. Holmes serves the entire West Central neighborhood. It feeds into Yasuhara Middle School in the Logan neighborhood. From there it feeds into North Central High School in the neighboring Emerson/Garfield neighborhood. [32] [33]
West Central is aligned with the city's street grid plan. Monroe Street, the Maple/Ash couplet, and Maxwell Avenue are classified by the city as principal arterials, the highest classification for a surface street. East of the Maple/Ash couplet, Boone and Broadway Avenues are classified as minor arterials, while west of Maple/Ash they are classified as major collectors; Indiana Avenue is also classified as a major collector. In Kendall Yards, Summit Parkway is considered a minor collector from Monroe to Cedar Street; Cedar is then considered a minor collector from Summit north to Broadway. Summit Boulevard, running along the crest of the Spokane River Gorge, is a minor collector from Broadway in the south to Mission Avenue and Pettit Drive in the north, as is Belt Street from Maxwell to Boone. The rest of the streets are considered to be local access roads. [34]
For cyclists, a shared use path for non-motorized vehicles runs along the Centennial Trail, paralleling Summit Parkway and Summit Boulevard around the southern, western and northern edge of West Central. A dedicated bike lane runs along Maxwell Avenue. [35]
The Spokane Transit Authority, the region's public transportation provider, serves West Central with five fixed route bus lines. [36]
Route | Termini | Service operation and notes | Streets traveled | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
4 Monroe | Downtown Spokane STA Plaza | ↔ | Balboa/South Indian Trail Five Mile Park and Ride | High-frequency route | Monroe |
21 West Broadway | Downtown Spokane STA Plaza | ↔ | West Central West Central Community Center | High-frequency route | Monroe, Broadway, A, Summit, Pettet, Nora, Belt, Augusta |
22 Northwest Boulevard | Downtown Spokane STA Plaza | ↔ | Balboa/South Indian Trail Five Mile Park & Ride | Basic-frequency route | Monroe, Boone, Maple/Ash couplet |
23 Maple/Ash | Downtown Spokane STA Plaza | ↔ | North Indian Trail | Basic-frequency route | Monroe, Boone, Maple/Ash couplet |
124 North Express | Downtown Spokane STA Plaza | ↔ | Fairwood Hastings Park & Ride | Express route during peak weekday hours; one stop in West Central | Monroe |
Hillyard is a neighborhood in Spokane, Washington which existed as a separate town between 1892 and 1924.
Downtown Spokane or Riverside is the central business district of Spokane, Washington. The Riverside neighborhood is roughly bounded by I-90 to the south, Division Street to the east, Monroe Street to the west and Boone Avenue to the north. The topography of Downtown Spokane is mostly flat except for areas downstream of the Spokane Falls which are located in a canyon; the elevation is approximately 1,900 feet (580 m) above sea level.
The Riverside Avenue Historic District is a 16.5 acres (6.7 ha) historic district in Downtown Spokane, Washington consisting of buildings constructed in the early 20th century, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976. The listing includes 14 contributing properties, nine of which are considered primary and five are considered secondary.
The Eldridge Building is a historic building in Spokane, Washington. It was designed by architect Gustav Albin Pehrson, and built in 1925. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) since November 12, 1992. It is one of three historic buildings listed on the NRHP at the intersection of First Avenue and Cedar Street. To the west across Cedar is the Grand Coulee building and to the northwest, kitty-corner from the Eldridge Building, is the former Carnegie Library.
Chief Garry Park is a neighborhood in Spokane, Washington. It is located immediately south of the Spokane River. It is named for Spokane Garry and a park that has taken his name. The neighborhood was first established in 1912 but it wasn't until 1932 that it was officially named for Chief Garry.
Logan is a neighborhood in Spokane, Washington. It is located immediately northeast of Downtown Spokane and is home to Gonzaga University. The Spokane River runs along its eastern and southern edge. Due to its proximity to the city center, Logan is home to some of the oldest and densest areas in the city. It is known for its tree-lined streets, historic buildings and population of college students. In addition to numerous individual properties, there are two historic districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places located within Logan: the Desmet Avenue Warehouse Historic District and the Mission Avenue Historic District.
Browne's Addition, often referred to shorthand as just Browne's, is a neighborhood in Spokane, Washington. It is located directly west of Downtown Spokane and is one of the oldest and densest neighborhoods in the city. The area is known for its numerous historic mansions, many of which have been converted into multi-family apartments. The terrain is flat in the neighborhood despite the degree of topographical relief in the immediate surrounding area. Latah Creek cuts a deep valley to the west, separating Browne's Addition from the Sunset Hill portion of the West Hills neighborhood and the Spokane River gorge drops off dramatically to the north into the Peaceful Valley neighborhood. The South Hill area of Spokane rises to the southwest.
Peaceful Valley is a neighborhood in Spokane, Washington. It sits directly below Downtown Spokane on the Spokane River under its falls. The neighborhood snakes along the thin floodplain on the valley floor of the Spokane River Gorge. It is the smallest neighborhood in the city by both area and population, but due to its central location and unique character it is quite notable. The neighborhood has a working class and bohemian culture.
Rockwood is a neighborhood in Spokane, Washington. It is located on the south side of the city to the southeast of Downtown Spokane and expanding southeasterly from close to the city center. Its proximity to downtown makes it one of Spokane's older neighborhoods, with mature trees lining most of its streets. Due to its location on the hill leading up from the Spokane River Valley, the street grid breaks down in many places around Rockwood. The most notable of these is along the winding Rockwood Boulevard, which was designed by the Olmsted Brothers and weaves its way from the northwesternmost corner of the neighborhood through the center and across to the eastern border, highlighting the basalt bluffs and other natural topography.
Manito/Cannon Hill is a neighborhood on the South Hill of Spokane, Washington. It is named after the two public parks that dominate its setting: Manito Park and Cannon Hill Park. Manito/Cannon Hill is a predominantly residential neighborhood made up mostly by single-family homes and city park land.
Cliff/Cannon is a neighborhood in Spokane, Washington. It is located immediately south of Downtown, Spokane, and on the lower reaches of the broader South Hill. The neighborhood is home to a medical district with Sacred Heart and Deaconess both having their main hospital campuses along Cliff/Cannon's denser northern edge. To the south the neighborhood becomes more residential. City parks break up the residential zoning of the southern half of Cliff/Cannon. It is adjacent to the Cannon Hill area of the neighboring but separate Manito/Cannon Hill neighborhood. The Marycliff-Cliff Park Historic District, a National Historic District listed on the National Register of Historic Places, is located within the neighborhood.
Emerson/Garfield is a neighborhood in Spokane, Washington. It is located immediately north of Downtown Spokane's North Bank and extends out into the inner northwestern portion of the city. Emerson/Garfield is a diverse neighborhood with residential, commercial and civic zones all bordering one another, with density ranging from single-family homes to multi-use buildings. Due to its location in the central area of Spokane, Emerson/Garfield is criss-crossed by numerous arterials and thoroughfares. Along those main roads are numerous commercial and retail districts of importance to both the neighborhood and city as a whole.
Lincoln Heights is a neighborhood in Spokane, Washington. It is located in the southeastern portion of the city in a broader area commonly known as the South Hill. As the name suggests, Lincoln Heights lies on the slopes and atop the crest of the South Hill area. Lincoln Heights is home to a mix of single-family residential, multi-family residential, and commercial areas and a significant amount of park land. The Lincoln Heights Shopping Center and surrounding area is one of the largest and most important commercial and retail districts on the entire south side of Spokane.
North Hill is a neighborhood in Spokane, Washington. As the name suggests, it is atop a hill on the north side of Spokane, within which it is centrally located and crossed by numerous major thoroughfares. It is home to parks, commercial districts and single family residential areas. The historic Garland Theater is located in North Hill, and the city's main north–south arterial, Division Street, is home to a major commercial district along the eastern edge of the neighborhood.
Audubon/Downriver is a neighborhood in Spokane, Washington, located on the northwest side of the city. There is a diversity of land use in the neighborhood, with single-family residential areas dating from the early 20th century through the Post–World War II economic expansion era, regionally important commercial districts, smaller neighborhood retail areas, numerous schools, large parks, a golf course, conservation areas and part of Riverside State Park along the Spokane River. The neighborhood is the site of the corporate offices for Rosauers Supermarkets, a regional grocery store chain with stores located across the Northwestern United States.
The Glover Mansion is a historic Tudor revival home built in 1888 and located in the Cliff/Cannon neighborhood of Spokane, Washington, just uphill from and overlooking the city's downtown. The home was designed by architect Kirtland Cutter for James N. Glover, who founded the city of Spokane in 1873. Over the years the Glover Mansion has served as a residence, housed Spokane's Unitarian Universalist Church, and more recently been used as an event venue.
Doyle's Ice Cream Parlor is a locally owned ice cream shop that has been located in Spokane's West Central neighborhood since 1939. Doyle's is open from spring to early fall, Wednesdays through Sundays.
The West Downtown Historic Transportation Corridor is a historic commercial district in Spokane, Washington located, as the name suggests, in the western portion of the city's downtown neighborhood. The district, which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1999, consists mostly of buildings constructed between the late 19th century and 1949. It contained at the time of listing 65 buildings or structures, 50 of which are considered contributing properties to the district. Seven properties in the district are listed on the NRHP individually as well.
The Nettleton's Addition Historic District is a historic residential district in the West Central neighborhood of Spokane, Washington. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 2006 because of the concentration of historic homes in one of Spokane's oldest residential neighborhoods and for its significance as an example of community planning and development and in the area of architecture. It is the largest national historic district in the state of Washington.
The Ninth Avenue Historic District is a National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) listed historic district located along and around Ninth Avenue in the Cliff/Cannon neighborhood of Spokane, Washington. It stretches from Monroe Street on the east to Chestnut Street on the west, running the length of Ninth Avenue and extending to include portions of Eighth, 10th and 11th Avenues, mostly in the western half of the district.