Xanthosoma paradoxum

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Xanthosoma paradoxum
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Alismatales
Family: Araceae
Genus: Xanthosoma
Species:
X. paradoxum
Binomial name
Xanthosoma paradoxum
Bogner (2005)

Xanthosoma paradoxum is a species of flowering plant in the family Araceae indigenous to Colombia. [1] Initially described as Caladium paradoxum, it was later transferred to the Xanthosoma genus due to its strong affinity with other Xanthosoma species. [2] [3]

Contents

This species is characterized by its disc-like, coherent styles with stigmas as broad as the ovary, pollen in monads, and entire leaf blades. [4]

Distribution and habitat

Xanthosoma paradoxum is endemic to Colombia and can be found in various regions, including Orinoquia and the Pacific. [5] It grows primarily in the wet tropical biome and is found at elevations ranging from 100 to 1700 meters above sea level. [1] [5]

Morphology and flowering

Xanthosoma paradoxum is a tuberous geophyte, which means it has an underground storage organ that helps it survive unfavourable conditions. [1] The plant is an herb with entire leaf blades. [5] Most Xanthosoma species flower contemporaneously with the leaves, but X. paradoxum flowers before the leaves appear, which is more common in the Caladium genus. [5]

Taxonomy and classification

Xanthosoma paradoxum was first described in Willdenowia in 2005 by German botanist, Josef Bogner. [1] [4]

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The Araceae are a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants in which flowers are borne on a type of inflorescence called a spadix. The spadix is usually accompanied by, and sometimes partially enclosed in, a spathe. Also known as the arum family, members are often colloquially known as aroids. This family of 140 genera and about 4,075 known species is most diverse in the New World tropics, although also distributed in the Old World tropics and northern temperate regions.

<i>Philodendron</i> Genus of flowering plants

Philodendron is a large genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. As of September 2015, the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families accepted 489 species; other sources accept different numbers. Regardless of number of species, the genus is the second-largest member of the family Araceae, after genus Anthurium. Taxonomically, the genus Philodendron is still poorly known, with many undescribed species. Many are grown as ornamental and indoor plants. The name derives from the Greek words philo- 'love, affection' and dendron 'tree'. The generic name, Philodendron, is often used as the English name.

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Xanthosoma is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. The genus is native to tropical America but widely cultivated and naturalized in other tropical regions. Several are grown for their starchy corms, an important food staple of tropical regions, known variously as malanga, otoy, otoe, cocoyam, tannia, tannier, yautía, macabo, ocumo, macal, taioba, dasheen, quequisque, ʻape and as Singapore taro. Many other species, including especially Xanthosoma roseum, are used as ornamental plants; in popular horticultural literature these species may be known as ‘ape due to resemblance to the true Polynesian ʻape, Alocasia macrorrhizos, or as elephant ear from visual resemblance of the leaf to an elephant's ear. Sometimes the latter name is also applied to members in the closely related genera Caladium, Colocasia (taro), and Alocasia.

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Cocoyam is a common name for more than one tropical root crop and vegetable crop belonging to the Arum family and may refer to:

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<i>Callopsis</i> Genus of flowering plants

Callopsis is a monotypic genus from the plant family Araceae and has only one species, Callopsis volkensii. This plant forms a creeping rhizome and has cordate-ovate leaves that are medium green and glabrous. The inflorescence is typical of the family Araceae, with a white spathe and yellow spadix. The spadix is shorter than the spathe and its male and female flowers are separated shortly.

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Orontium aquaticum, sometimes called golden-club, floating arum, never-wets or tawkin, is a species of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is the single living species in the genus Orontium, which also contains several extinct species described from fossils. O. aquaticum is endemic to the eastern United States and is found growing in ponds, streams, and shallow lakes. It prefers an acidic environment. The leaves are pointed and oval with a water repellent surface. The inflorescence is most notable for having an extremely small almost indistinguishable sheath surrounding the spadix. Very early in the flowering this green sheath withers away leaving only the spadix.

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Lagenandra is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is endemic to the Indian Subcontinent. The genus is similar to Cryptocoryne, but can be distinguished from it by its involute vernation. Cryptocoryne on the other hand exhibit convolute vernation.

Zomicarpella is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is native to Colombia, Peru and Brazil. The leaves are hastate or sagittate. The chromosome number for Zomicarpella species is 2n=26. Additionally, the seeds have an endosperm.

  1. Zomicarpella amazonicaBogner - Amazonas State of northwestern Brazil
  2. Zomicarpella maculataN.E.Br. - Colombia, Peru

Scaphispatha gracilis is a species in the family Araceae. This species is native to Brazil and Bolivia, and has peltate leaves that resembles those in the genus Caladium. The species was described by Heinrich Wilhelm Schott in 1860 after he received an inflorescence of the plant. He had not however seen the plant itself and it was not rediscovered until 1976 when Josef Bogner collected tubers from the plant and successfully flowered them at the Munich Botanic Garden. Upon seeing the inflorescence it was realized that this was the plant Schott had originally described.

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Xanthosoma paradoxum (Bogner & Mayo) Bogner". Plants of the world online. Retrieved 24 May 2023.
  2. Bogner, Josef; Gonçalves, Eduardo G. (2005). "Two New Species of Xanthosoma (Araceae) from South America and Notes on the Tribe Caladieae". Willdenowia. 35 (2): 333–344. doi: 10.3372/wi.35.35216 . JSTOR   3997668. S2CID   86579599 . Retrieved 24 May 2023.
  3. Wong, Tom. "Two New Species of Xanthosoma (Araceae) from South America and Notes on the Tribe Caladieae" (PDF). Retrieved 24 May 2023.
  4. 1 2 "Xanthosoma paradoxum (Bogner & Mayo) Bogner". gbif.org. Retrieved 24 May 2023.
  5. 1 2 3 4 "Xanthosoma paradoxum (Bogner & Mayo) Bogner". colplanta. Retrieved 24 May 2023.