The chemical formula of xylidines is C8H11N or, more descriptively, (CH3)2C6H3NH2. The CAS number for the isomer mixture is 1300-73-8. They are colorless solids or liquids, although commercial samples can appear yellow or darker. They are miscible with ethanol and diethyl ether and slightly soluble in water. Xylidines are used in production of pigments and dyestuffs, and various antioxidants, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, hypergolic propellants, and many other organic chemicals.[1]
In World War II, xylidine was an important antiknock agent in very high performance aviation gasolines. Its purpose was to permit high levels of boost pressure in multiple-stage turbochargers, and thus high power at high altitudes, without causing detonation that would destroy the engine. The high pressures brought high temperatures of inlet air, making engines prone to knock. This use and storage stabilization methods were important military secrets.[2][3]
2,3-xylidine, also called o-xylidine, 2,3-dimethylaniline, 2,3-xylylamine, or 2,3-dimethylphenylamine, is a liquid with melting point 2.5°C and boiling point 222°C, and flash point at 96°C. Its CAS number is 87-59-2 and its SMILES structure is Nc1cccc(C)c1C. It is used in production of mefenamic acid, dyes, and pesticides.
2,4-xylidine, also called 2-methyl-p-toluidine, 2,4-dimethylaniline, 2,4-xylylamine, or 2,4-dimethylphenylamine, is a liquid with melting point 16°C, boiling point 217°C, and flash point at 90°C. Its CAS number is 95-68-1 and its SMILES structure is Nc1ccc(C)cc1C. It is used for production of pesticides, dyes, and other chemicals.
2,5-xylidine, also called p-xylidine, 2,5-dimethylaniline, 2,5-xylylamine, or 2,5-dimethylphenylamine, is a liquid with melting point 11.5°C and boiling point 215°C. Its CAS number is 95-78-3 and its SMILES structure is Nc1cc(C)ccc1C. It is used for production of dyes and other chemicals.
2,6-Xylidine, also called 2,6-dimethylaniline, 2,6-xylylamine, or 2,6-dimethylphenylamine, is a liquid with melting point 8.4°C and boiling point 216°C. Its CAS number is 87-62-7 and its SMILES structure is Nc1c(C)cccc1C. It is used in production of some anesthetics and other chemicals.
3,4-xylidine, also called 3,4-dimethylaniline, 3,4-xylylamine, or 3,4-dimethylphenylamine, is a crystalline solid with melting point 51°C and boiling point 226°C. Its CAS number is 95-64-7 and its SMILES structure is Nc1ccc(C)c(C)c1. It is used as a raw material for production of vitamin B2, dyes, pesticides, and other chemicals.
3,5-xylidine, also called 3,5-dimethylaniline, 3,5-xylylamine, or 3,5-dimethylphenylamine, is a liquid with melting point 9.8°C and boiling point 220–221°C. Its CAS number is 108-69-0 and its SMILES structure is Nc1cc(C)cc(C)c1. It is used for production of pesticides, dyes, and other chemicals.
Toluene diisocyanate (TDI) is an organic compound with the formula CH3C6H3(NCO)2. Two of the six possible isomers are commercially important: 2,4-TDI (CAS: 584-84-9) and 2,6-TDI (CAS: 91-08-7). 2,4-TDI is produced in the pure state, but TDI is often marketed as 80/20 and 65/35 mixtures of the 2,4 and 2,6 isomers respectively. It is produced on a large scale, accounting for 34.1% of the global isocyanate market in 2000, second only to MDI. Approximately 1.4 billion kilograms were produced in 2000. All isomers of TDI are colorless, although commercial samples can appear yellow.
Dinitrophenols are chemical compounds which are nitro derivatives of phenol.
Lutidine is the trivial name used to describe the chemical compounds which are dimethyl derivatives of pyridine. Their chemical properties resemble those of pyridine, although the presence of the methyl groups may prohibit some of the more straightforward reactions. Lutidine comes in several isomers:
Xylenols are organic compounds with the formula (CH3)2C6H3OH. They are volatile colorless solids or oily liquids. They are derivatives of phenol with two methyl groups at various positions relative to the hydroxyl group. Six isomers exist, of which 2,6-xylenol with both methyl groups in an ortho position with respect to the hydroxyl group is the most important. The name xylenol is a portmanteau of the words xylene and phenol.
Dimethoxyamphetamine (DMA) is a series of six lesser-known psychedelic drugs similar in structure to the three isomers of methoxyamphetamine and six isomers of trimethoxyamphetamine. The isomers are 2,3-DMA, 2,4-DMA, 2,5-DMA, 2,6-DMA, 3,4-DMA, and 3,5-DMA. Three of the isomers were characterized by Alexander Shulgin in his book PiHKAL. Little is known about their dangers or toxicity.
Dihydroxybenzoic acids (DHBA) are a type of phenolic acids.
Dichlorophenols (DCPs) are any of several chemical compounds which are derivatives of phenol containing two chlorine atoms. There are six isomers:
The molecular formula C8H11N (molar mass: 121.18 g/mol) may refer to:
DMPEA can refer to two subclasses of substituted phenethylamines:
The molecular formula C6H4N2O5 may refer to:
The molecular formula C5H7NO2 may refer to:
The molecular formula C6H4Cl2O could refer to:
The molecular formula C8H10O may refer to:
The molecular formula C7H6O4 may refer to:
Dinitrotoluenes could refer to one of the following compounds:
Dinitroanilines are a class of chemical compounds with the chemical formula C6H5N3O4. They are derived from both aniline and dinitrobenzenes. There are six isomers: 2,3-dinitroaniline, 2,4-dinitroaniline, 2,5-dinitroaniline, 2,6-dinitroaniline, 3,4-dinitroaniline, and 3,5-dinitroaniline.
Dimethoxyphenethylamine may refer to:
Dichloroanilines are chemical compounds which consist of an aniline ring substituted with two chlorine atoms and have the molecular formula C6H5Cl2N. There are six isomers, varying in the positions of the chlorine atoms around the ring relative to the amino group. As aniline derivatives, they are named with the amino group in position 1. They are all colorless, although commercial samples can appear colored due to the presence of impurities. Several derivatives are used in the production of dyes and herbicides.
The molecular formula C6H5Cl2N may refer to:
The molecular formula C6H5N3O4 may refer to:
References
↑ M. Meyer (2012). "Xylidines". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a28_455.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.
2,3-xylidine
2,4-xylidine
2,5-xylidine
2,6-xylidine
3,4-xylidine
3,5-xylidine
