The You Know Me movement is a 2019 movement by abortion rights advocates in the United States to fight abortion stigma. A similar campaign and movement from 2015 is called #ShoutYourAbortion.
The You Know Me movement is a response to the successful 2019 passage of six-week abortion bans in five U.S. states, most notably the passing of anti-abortion laws in Georgia (House Bill 381), [1] Ohio (House Bill 68), [2] and Alabama (House Bill 314). [3]
While 2015 is acknowledged as the start of #ShoutYourAbortion and 2019 as the start of #YouKnowMe, the efforts of Sue Perlgut and other second-wave feminists who suggested that women disclose their abortions publicly provides historic precedent from the 1970s. [4]
In 1971 in France, 343 filmmakers, writers, actresses, singers and philosophers confessed their illegal abortions publicly, in order to demand freedom to have an abortion, in the 'Manifesto of the 343', published by the magazine Nouvel Observateur. [5]
In 1973, the manifesto was the inspiration for a 1973 manifesto by 331 doctors declaring their support for abortion rights. [6]
Within less than four years of the manifesto's publication, the French Health Minister Simone Veil presented a law on 26 November 1974 to the National Assembly that would legalize abortion. France legalized abortion in Law 75-17 of 18 January 1975, which permitted a woman to receive an abortion on request until the tenth week of pregnancy. After a trial period, Law 75-17 was adopted permanently in December 1979. [7]
Since 1990, Whoopi Goldberg (1991), Lil' Kim (2000), Sharon Osbourne (2004), Joan Collins (2010), Chelsea Handler (2012), Sherri Shepherd (2012), Nicki Minaj (2014), and Gloria Steinem (2015) are some notable women in the public eye who discussed their abortions in order to help end stigma. [8]
In the wake of the House of Representatives' vote to defund Planned Parenthood, Lindy West, Amelia Bonow and Kimberly Morrison launched #ShoutYourAbortion to "remind supporters and critics alike abortion is a legal right to anyone who wants or needs it". [9] The women encouraged other women to share positive abortion experiences online using the hashtag #ShoutYourAbortion in order to "denounce the stigma surrounding abortion". [10]
On 18 February 2019, the singer Amanda Palmer released a single about abortion, "Voicemail for Jill", on YouTube. [11] Palmer had previously spoken out about her abortions in 2015. [12]
On 1 March 2019, the artist and activist Rose McGowan spoke out about her abortion and asked for a public debate about abortion using the hashtag #HonestAbortion, in a reply to a tweet that stated, "1 in 4 women has an abortion by age 45. 60% are already mothers." [13]
On 7 May 2019, the actress Busy Philipps spoke about her own abortion in her talkshow Busy Tonight :
On 15 May 2019, the actress Busy Philipps encouraged women on Twitter to share their abortion stories, in the wake of the proposed Alabama abortion ban. Phillips said she was encouraged to share the hashtag by Tina Fey, as it "makes it very personal". [15] As a result of Philipps' tweet, women both in the United States as well as outside, replied with their abortion stories, many of them using the hashtag #youknowme on social media. [16] Within 24 hours, nearly 50,000 people had liked or shared Philipps' tweet, and almost 2,000 users had replied to it. [17]
Notably, the actresses Jameela Jamil, Rosanna Arquette and Ashley Judd used the #youknowme hashtag. Women in the public eye who shared abortion stories after Philipps' tweet include the activist Nelini Stamp and the actresses Cynthia Nixon, Keke Palmer, and Rosanna Arquette. [18]
On Tuesday, 22 May 2019, thousands of people across the US marched in abortion rights '#StopTheBans' protests against the 2019 wave of anti-abortion legislation in some states in America. Several politicians, including Pete Buttigieg, Amy Klobuchar, Kirsten Gillibrand and Cory Booker, participated in these demonstrations. California Rep. Jackie Speier spoke about her abortion at a protest in Washington DC, while referring to the You Know Me movement's phrase:
On May 23, 2019, the American Civil Liberties Union launched an advertising campaign narrated by Busy Philipps, which featured the #YouKnowMe hashtag and encouraged people to speak out against abortion bans. [20]
On June 4, 2019, Busy Philipps testified before the United States Congress in support of abortion rights and against abortion restrictions. [21]
"You Know Me" has been identified and referred to as a viral social media campaign and movement. [22] The movement has gained international media coverage outside the US, for instance in Germany, [23] Italy, [24] France, [25] The Netherlands [26] and South Korea. [27]
Lisa Bouyeure, a columnist for the Dutch newspaper De Volkskrant , wrote about the May 2019 Alabama abortion ban in her column and how the events reminded her of the TV show The Handmaid's Tale . She noted that #YouKnowMe is "a start, such a warm wave of solidarity in an ice-cold conservative climate, but let's hope that it will really change something. You grant every baby to be born at a time when The Handmaid's Tale is fiction again." [28]
Mare Hotterbeekx, a journalist for the Belgium magazine Knack's weekend edition, stated that the hashtag #YouKnowMe causing women to massively share their abortion stories was "an openness that Belgian women can only dream of". [29]
Kathy Michaels, a journalist for InfoTel Canada, started her opinion article on the #YouKnowMe movement with the question "Have you had an abortion?". She continued stating "don't say because I don't care and neither should anyone else. #YouKnowMe movement or not, it's no more anyone's business if you terminated a pregnancy than it is if your significant other has a low sperm count or if you're having a series of particularly unpleasant periods that require a visit to your GP." Michaels remarked further that people in her social network had started posting articles from the US "lamenting the backward momentum south of the border and expressing fear that a cultural black hole is going to suck us all in". She finished with the statement, "The good news is that this is happening in an election year so those of you who care can start doing the work needed to ensure your needs and interests are best represented when and if the time comes to raise this issue again. Until then, #YouDontNeedToKnowMe. We're Canadian and that means something when it comes to bodily autonomy." [30]
Kari Postma and Robin Smeets of Dance4Life addressed the #YouKnowMe hashtag in an opinion article in Dutch newspaper Trouw . Postma and Smeets voiced their concerns about the 2019 anti-abortion movements in America, remarking that "the growth of the anti-abortion lobby ensures that girls and women who terminate a pregnancy are stigmatized and hardly talk about it" which they considered "a worrying development". They wrote that abortion is an "important acquired right in the Netherlands" and given that "the right to abortion is under international fire", people in the Netherlands should make a "clear pro-choice sound in the Netherlands". Postma and Smeets stated that safe environments for women should be created so they "dare to tell about their decision, whether or not via #YouKnowMe" and that "It is up to all of us not to condemn but to respect women who exercise their freedom of choice". [31]
Vanja Deželić, a journalist for Vijesti.hr, compared the #YouKnowMe movement to the Croatian #Spasime movement (transl. #SaveMe), which started in March 2019 and aims to collect testimonies about domestic abuse and to fight domestic violence in Croatia. [32] Deželić wrote that anti-abortion movements had become more active in Croatia and were aiming for similar law changes such as the 2019 six-week abortion ban that passed in Alabama. [33] Deželić stated that resistance against these anti-abortion movements could happen in Croatia based on the #YouKnowMe movement and thanks to Busy Philipps. [34]
Arwa Mahdawi, a columnist for The Guardian , wrote that "while #YouKnowMe is powerful, it's also profoundly depressing" and that women should not have to tell abortion stories to remind lawmakers that they are human. [35]
Meghan Flaherty, a writer for The Seattle Times , wrote that she felt "deeply humbled and heartened" by the #YouKnowMe stories she read, but also noted many women used the hashtag to explain their reasons for abortion, which she found "problematic". Flaherty wrote that "personal reproductive health decision-making power and the tools to implement those decisions are fundamental human rights. No woman or man should have to justify the decisions they make about their own body and parenthood." [36]
Madeline Fry, a commentary writer for The Washington Examiner , argued that the "heartbreaking" stories within the #YouKnowMe hashtag "didn't justify the pro-abortion cause", remarking however that the movement was "less shameless" than "#ShoutYourAbortion, the repulsive no-regrets movement". [37]
The United States is a global outlier among developed countries on the issue of abortion, with the subject being divisible in American politics and culture wars to an extent not found elsewhere. There are widely different abortion laws depending on state.
Elizabeth Jean "Busy" Philipps is an American actress. She is best known for her roles on the television series Freaks and Geeks (1999–2000), Dawson's Creek (2001–2003), and ER (2006–2007), and for her portrayal of Laurie Keller on the ABC series Cougar Town (2009–2015), for which she received the Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series. She has also appeared in supporting roles in numerous films, such as The Smokers (2000), Home Room (2002), White Chicks (2004), Made of Honor (2008), He's Just Not That Into You (2009), The Gift (2015), and I Feel Pretty (2018). From 2018 to 2019, Philipps hosted her own television talk show Busy Tonight, on E!. She currently stars in the Peacock / Netflix original series Girls5eva.
A hashtag is a metadata tag that is prefaced by the hash symbol, #. On social media, hashtags are used on microblogging and photo-sharing services such as X or Tumblr as a form of user-generated tagging that enables cross-referencing of content by topic or theme. For example, a search within Instagram for the hashtag #bluesky returns all posts that have been tagged with that term. After the initial hash symbol, a hashtag may include letters, numerals, or underscores.
Lindy West is an American writer, comedian and activist. She is the author of the essay collection Shrill: Notes from a Loud Woman and a contributing opinion writer for The New York Times. The topics she writes about include feminism, popular culture, and the fat acceptance movement.
Abortion-rights movements, also self-styled as pro-choice movements, advocate for the right to have legal access to induced abortion services including elective abortion. They seek to represent and support women who wish to terminate their pregnancy without fear of legal or social backlash. These movements are in direct opposition to anti-abortion movements.
Abortion is the termination of human pregnancy, often performed in the first 28 weeks of pregnancy. In 1973, the United States Supreme Court in Roe v. Wade recognized a constitutional right to obtain an abortion without excessive government restriction, and in 1992 the Court in Planned Parenthood v. Casey invalidated restrictions that create an undue burden on people seeking abortions. Since then, there has continued to be an abortion debate in the United States, and some states have passed laws in the form of regulation of abortions but which have the purpose or effect of restricting its provision. The proponents of such laws argue they do not create an undue burden. Some state laws that impact the availability of abortions have been upheld by courts. In 2022, Roe and Casey were overturned by the Supreme Court in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization, meaning that states may now regulate abortion in ways that were not previously permitted.
A six-week abortion ban, also called a "fetal heartbeat bill" by proponents, is a law in the United States which makes abortion illegal as early as six weeks gestational age, which is when proponents falsely claim that a "fetal heartbeat" can be detected. Medical and reproductive health experts, including the American Medical Association and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, say that the reference to a fetal heartbeat is medically inaccurate and intentionally misleading because a conceptus is not called a fetus until eight weeks after fertilization, as well as that at four weeks after fertilization, the embryo has no heart, only a group of cells which will become a heart. Medical professionals advise that a true fetal heartbeat cannot be detected until around 17 to 20 weeks of gestation when the chambers of the heart have become sufficiently developed.
Hashtag activism refers to the use of Twitter's hashtags for Internet activism. The hashtag has become one of the many ways that social media contributes to civic engagement and social movements. The use of the hashtag on social media provides users with an opportunity to share information and opinions about social issues in a way that others (followers) can interact and engage as part of a larger conversation with the potential to create change. The hashtag itself consists of a word or phrase that is connected to a social or political issue, and fosters a place where discourse can occur. Social media provides an important platform for historically marginalized populations. Through the use of hashtags these groups are able to communicate, mobilize, and advocate for issues less visible to the mainstream.
#YesAllWomen is a Twitter hashtag and social media campaign in which users share examples or stories of misogyny and violence against women. First used in online conversations about misogyny following the 2014 Isla Vista killings, the hashtag was popular in May 2014, and was created partly in response to the Twitter hashtag #NotAllMen. #YesAllWomen reflected a grassroots campaign in which women shared their personal stories about harassment and discrimination. The campaign attempted to raise awareness of sexism that women experience, often from people they know.
#ShoutYourAbortion is a social media campaign where people share their abortion experiences online without "sadness, shame or regret" for the purpose of "destigmatization, normalization, and putting an end to shame." Tens of thousands of people worldwide have shared their abortion experiences online using the hashtag #ShoutYourAbortion. The Shout Your Abortion campaign was started on September 19, 2015, by American activists Lindy West, Amelia Bonow, and Kimberly Morrison, in response to efforts by the United States House of Representatives to defund Planned Parenthood following the Planned Parenthood 2015 undercover videos controversy. The hashtag has received both positive and negative attention within social media and the mainstream media.
Abortion in Oklahoma is illegal unless the abortion is necessary to save the life of a pregnant woman.
#MeToo is a social movement and awareness campaign against sexual abuse, sexual harassment, and rape culture, in which people publicize their experiences of sexual abuse or sexual harassment. The phrase "Me Too" was initially used in this context on social media in 2006, on Myspace, by sexual assault survivor and activist Tarana Burke. The hashtag #MeToo was used starting in 2017 as a way to draw attention to the magnitude of the problem.
Tarana Burke is an American activist from New York City, who started the MeToo movement. In 2006, Burke began using MeToo to help other women with similar experiences to stand up for themselves. Over a decade later, in 2017, #MeToo became a viral hashtag when Alyssa Milano and other women began using it to tweet about the Harvey Weinstein sexual abuse cases. The phrase and hashtag quickly developed into a broad-based, and eventually international movement.
The Human Life Protection Act, also known as House Bill 314 and the Alabama abortion ban, is an Alabama statute enacted on May 15, 2019, that imposes a near-total ban on abortion in the state. Set to go into effect in November 2019, a legal challenge against the bill delayed implementation until 2022. The bill was passed in both chambers of the Alabama Legislature in a party-line vote and signed by Republican governor Kay Ivey. Under the Human Life Protection Act, a doctor who performs a banned abortion in the state of Alabama is guilty of a Class A felony, and could be sentenced to life imprisonment. Several proposed amendments that would have allowed abortions in cases of rape and incest were rejected.
Abortion in Georgia is legal up to the detection of an embryonic heartbeat, which typically begins in the 5th or 6th week after the onset of the last menstrual period (LMP) or in two to three weeks after implantation. This law came into force on July 20, 2022, almost a month after the U.S. Supreme Court's Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization, No. 19-1392, 597 U.S. ___ (2022) ruling. In 2007, mandatory ultrasound requirements were passed by state legislators. Georgia has continually sought to legislate against abortion at a state level since 2011. The most recent example, 2019's HB 481, sought to make abortion illegal as soon as an embryonic heartbeat can be detected; in most cases that is around the six-week mark of a pregnancy. Many women are not aware they are pregnant at this time. An injunction was issued against this bill by a federal judge, who ruled that it contravened the Supreme Court's 1973 ruling. A poll conducted by the Pew Research Center in 2014 found that 49% of Georgians believed abortions should be illegal in all or most cases vs 48% legal in all or most cases.
Abortion in Ohio is legal through 22 weeks. Following the passage of November 2023 Ohio Issue 1, abortion will become a legal right at all stages of pregnancy before viability starting December 7, 2023, although abortions after the point of fetal viability are protected if a physician deems it as "necessary to protect the pregnant woman’s life or health."
Abortion in South Carolina is legal up to when an embryonic heartbeat can be detected, usually around 6 weeks gestation. On May 25, 2023, Governor Henry McMaster signed a 6-week ban, and it took effect immediately. The ban was indefinitely blocked in court on May 26, and reinstated by the South Carolina Supreme Court on August 23.
Abortion in Tennessee is illegal from fertilization, except to "prevent the death of the pregnant woman or to prevent serious risk of substantial and irreversible impairment of a major bodily function of the pregnant woman".
The #Spasime movement is a 2019 Croatian social movement which fights domestic violence, and is an example of the MeToo effect.
Amelia Bonow is an American abortion rights activist and co-creator of the social media campaign #ShoutYourAbortion along with fellow activists Lindy West and Kimberly Morrison. She is the Founding Director of #ShoutYourAbortion. Bonow’s writing has appeared in The New Republic, The Huffington Post, The New York Daily News, and Salon, among others.
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