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The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the north-western coast of the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. It includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and most of the smaller islands within the British Isles. Northern Ireland shares a land border with the Republic of Ireland; otherwise, the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea and the Irish Sea. The total area of the United Kingdom is 93,628 square miles (242,495 km2), with an estimated 2022 population of nearly 67 million people.
The economy of the United Kingdom is a highly developed social market economy. It is the sixth-largest national economy in the world measured by nominal gross domestic product (GDP), ninth-largest by purchasing power parity (PPP), and twenty-first by nominal GDP per capita, constituting 3.1% of nominal world GDP. The United Kingdom constitutes 2.3% of world GDP by purchasing power parity (PPP).
North Ayrshire is one of 32 council areas in Scotland. The council area borders Inverclyde to the north, Renfrewshire and East Renfrewshire to the northeast, and East Ayrshire and South Ayrshire to the east and south respectively. The local authority is North Ayrshire Council, formed in 1996 with the same boundaries as the district of Cunninghame which existed from 1975 to 1996.
North Wales is a region of Wales, encompassing its northernmost areas. It borders mid Wales to the south, England to the east, and the Irish Sea to the north and west. The area is highly mountainous and rural, with Snowdonia National Park and the Clwydian Range and Dee Valley, known for its mountains, waterfalls and trails, wholly within the region. Its population is concentrated in the north-east and northern coastal areas, with significant Welsh-speaking populations in its western and rural areas. North Wales is imprecisely defined, lacking any exact definition or administrative structure. It is commonly defined administratively as its six most northern principal areas, but other definitions exist, with Montgomeryshire historically considered to be part of the region.
Mid Wales or Central Wales is a region of Wales, encompassing its midlands, in-between North Wales and South Wales. The Mid Wales Regional Committee of the Senedd covered the unitary authority areas of Ceredigion and Powys and the area of Gwynedd that had previously been the district of Meirionnydd. A similar definition is used by the BBC. The Wales Spatial Plan defines a region known as "Central Wales" which covers Ceredigion and Powys.
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The economy of Wales is part of the wider economy of the United Kingdom, and encompasses the production and consumption of goods, services and the supply of money in Wales.
The economy of Scotland is an open mixed economy which, in 2023, had an estimated nominal gross domestic product (GDP) of £211.7 billion including oil and gas extraction in Scottish waters. Since the Acts of Union 1707, Scotland's economy has been closely aligned with the economy of the rest of the United Kingdom (UK), and England has historically been its main trading partner. Scotland still conducts the majority of its trade within the UK: in 2017, Scotland's exports totalled £81.4 billion, of which £48.9 billion (60%) was with the countries of the United Kingdom, £14.9 billion with the European Union (EU), and £17.6 billion with other parts of the world. Scotland’s imports meanwhile totalled £94.4 billion including intra-UK trade leaving Scotland with a trade deficit of £10.4 billion in 2017.
A combined authority is a type of local government institution introduced in England outside Greater London by the Local Democracy, Economic Development and Construction Act 2009. Combined authorities are created voluntarily and allow a group of local authorities to pool appropriate responsibility and receive certain delegated functions from central government in order to deliver transport and economic policy more effectively over a wider area.
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The Cardiff Capital Region is a city region in Wales, centred on the capital city of Wales, Cardiff, in the southeast of the country. It is a partnership between the ten local authorities of Blaenau Gwent, Bridgend County Borough, Caerphilly County Borough, Cardiff, Merthyr Tydfil County Borough, Monmouthshire, Newport, Rhondda Cynon Taf, Torfaen, and Vale of Glamorgan, local businesses in southeast Wales and other organisations. The regional city deal is funded by the UK Government and Welsh Government. The Cardiff Capital Region includes the cities of Cardiff and Newport, and most of the South Wales Valleys, with the region being coterminous with the area defined as South East Wales.
Ambition North Wales, is a joint committee and decision-making body overseeing the North Wales Growth Deal, a regional economic growth deal covering the North Wales region. It is a partnership between the six local authorities of Conwy County Borough, Denbighshire, Flintshire, Gwynedd, Isle of Anglesey, and Wrexham County Borough, and other local partners in the region, including Bangor University, Wrexham Glyndŵr University, Grŵp Llandrillo Menai, Coleg Cambria, and various private sector representatives.
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Arfor is an economic support programme of the Welsh Government, partnering with Plaid Cymru, as a joint venture with local councils, in Carmarthenshire, Ceredigion, Gwynedd and the Isle of Anglesey, specifically catered to support the Welsh language. The programme covers large parts of Y Fro Gymraeg, the Welsh-speaking heartlands, in the north-west and west of Wales, and is to support the use of Welsh in its heartlands, therefore the language overall.
References
- ↑ "Local Growth Deals". GOV.UK. 9 March 2017. Retrieved 2 January 2021.
- ↑ "Cities and regions: Regional Growth Deals". Scottish Government. Retrieved 1 January 2021.
- ↑ Hughes, Owen (17 December 2020). "Fourteen transformation projects could be unlocked as North Wales Growth Deal signed". Business Live. Retrieved 1 January 2021.
- ↑ George, Allan (28 December 2020). "Morlais marine energy project gets boost from North Wales Growth Deal". North Wales Chronicle. Retrieved 1 January 2021.
- 1 2 "£16m boost for North Wales Growth Deal as first tranche of funding is released". Denbighshire Free Press. 18 March 2021. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
- ↑ "Apply for Growth Deal Funding". Black Country LEP. Retrieved 1 January 2021.
- ↑ "Boost for Northumberland as multi-million pound Borderlands Inclusive Growth Deal signed". www.berwick-advertiser.co.uk. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
- ↑ "Rishi Sunak's Argyll and Bute 'growth deal' pledge hailed by Helensburgh MSP". Helensburgh Advertiser. 4 March 2021. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
- ↑ "Ayrshire Growth Deal website launched". InYourArea.co.uk. 26 February 2021. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
- ↑ "Chancellor to announce earlier delivery of Growth Deal money". Cumnock Chronicle. March 2021. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
- ↑ "£450 million Borderlands Growth Deal now underway". GOV.UK. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
- ↑ "Scotland and England sign first ever Borderlands growth deal". HeraldScotland. 18 March 2021. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
- ↑ "£90m Growth Deal could lead to faster infrastructure improvements across Falkirk". www.falkirkherald.co.uk. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
- ↑ Hughes, Owen (18 March 2021). "North Wales Growth Deal work officially starts as first tranche of the £240m fund lands". Business Live. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
- ↑ "Mid Wales Growth Deal: Jobs boost but warning over progress". BBC News. 13 January 2022. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
- ↑ Walker, Peter A. (17 March 2021). "Scottish Islands Growth Deal worth £335 million signed". businessInsider. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
- ↑ "Islands Growth Deal worth £335 million signed". GOV.UK. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
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