Jill Stein

Last updated

Jill Stein
Jill Stein by Gage Skidmore 3.jpg
Stein in 2024
Member of the Lexington Town Meeting
from the 2nd Precinct
In office
2005–2010
Personal details
Born
Jill Ellen Stein

(1950-05-14) May 14, 1950 (age 74) [1]
Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
Political party Green (2002–present)
Other political
affiliations		 Democratic (1968–2002)
SpouseRichard Rohrer
Children2
Education Harvard University (BA, MD)
Signature Jill Stein signature.svg
Website Campaign website

Jill Ellen Stein (born May 14, 1950) is an American physician and activist who was the Green Party's nominee for President of the United States in the 2012, 2016, and 2024 elections. She was the Green-Rainbow Party's candidate for governor of Massachusetts in 2002 and 2010.

Contents

During her time as a practicing physician, she advocated for the improvement of air quality standards for coal plants. Stein ran her first political campaign running as the Green-Rainbow candidate for governor of Massachusetts in 2002, losing to Republican Mitt Romney. She ran for the same position again in 2010, this time losing to the then-incumbent Massachusetts governor, Democrat Deval Patrick.

Stein first ran for president of the United States in 2012 selecting Cheri Honkala as her running mate. They lost to the Democratic ticket of incumbent President Barack Obama and incumbent Vice President Joe Biden. She ran for the second time for president in 2016 with running mate Ajamu Baraka, against Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton and Republican candidate Donald Trump, the latter of whom won the election. In 2017, Stein's presidential campaign was investigated by the Senate Intelligence Committee for possible collusion with the Russian government, but was ultimately cleared of any wrongdoing.

She ran a third time in the 2024 election against former President Trump and Democratic candidate Vice President Kamala Harris, on a campaign which focuses on an anti-war stance, universal healthcare, free public education, an eco-socialist "real Green New Deal", and strong worker rights. Her vice presidential running mate was Butch Ware. Stein is among the list of several women who have run for President of the United States and also one of the few who received more than a million votes in the general election, behind Hillary Clinton, Jo Jorgensen and Kamala Harris.

Early life and education

Stein was born in Chicago, Illinois, and raised in nearby Highland Park, Illinois. Stein was raised in a Reform Jewish household, attending Chicago's North Shore Congregation Israel. [2]

In 1973, Stein graduated magna cum laude from Harvard College, where she studied psychology, sociology, and anthropology. She then attended Harvard Medical School and graduated in 1979. Stein practiced medicine in the Boston area for 25 years. She also served as an instructor in internal medicine at Harvard Medical School. [2] [3]

Early activism and political career

Stein in 2009 at a protest against coal-powered energy production Jill Stein.jpg
Stein in 2009 at a protest against coal-powered energy production

As a physician, Stein became increasingly concerned about the connection between people's health and the quality of their local environment. She subsequently turned to activism. In 1998, she began protesting the "Filthy Five" coal plants in Massachusetts. [4] [5]

The Clean Election Law provided public funding for candidates not receiving large private donations, and was eventually repealed in 2003 by the Democratic party controlled state legislature. [6] Stein has said that she left the Democratic Party and joined the Green Party when "the Democratic Party killed campaign finance reform in my state". [4]

In a 2024 interview with Haaretz , Stein said the Green Party was an alternative to the "rigid two-party system [in which] both parties are widely regarded as sponsored by and serving the economic elites, and share their core interests. They're both parties of war and of Wall Street. They may differ on social issues, but on core policies they're very much the same". [7]

On January 20, Stein is expected to speak at a rally convened by The People's Forum, Palestinian Youth Movement, and A.N.S.W.E.R. alongside other keynote speakers such as fellow 2024 presidential candidate Claudia De la Cruz and actress Rowan Blanchard. [8]

Political campaigns

2012 Presidential campaign

Primary

Jill Stein speaking at Occupy Wall Street, September 27, 2011 Jill Stein OWS S17.jpg
Jill Stein speaking at Occupy Wall Street, September 27, 2011

Stein launched her campaign in October 2011.

In December 2011, Ben Manski, a Wisconsin Green Party leader, was announced as Stein's campaign manager. [9] Her major primary opponents were actress Roseanne Barr and activist Kent Mesplay. [10] Stein proposed the Green New Deal, a government spending plan intended to put 25 million people to work. [10] Mesplay called that unrealistic, saying, "This will take time to implement, and lacks legislative support." [10] Stein became the presumptive Green Party nominee after winning two-thirds of California's delegates in June 2012. [11] [12] On July 1, 2012, the Stein campaign reported it had received enough contributions to qualify for primary season federal matching funds. This made Stein the first Green Party presidential candidate ever to have qualified for federal matching funds. [13] [14] On July 11, Stein selected Cheri Honkala, an anti-poverty activist, as her vice-presidential running mate. [15] [16] On July 14, she officially received the Green Party's nomination at its convention in Baltimore. [17] [18]

General

On August 1, Stein, Honkala and three others were arrested during a sit-in at a Philadelphia bank to protest housing foreclosures on behalf of several city residents struggling to keep their homes. [19] On October 16, Stein and Honkala were arrested after they tried to enter the site of the presidential debate at Hofstra University while protesting the exclusion of smaller political parties, such as the Green Party, from the debates. [20] Stein likened her arrest to the persecution of dissident Sergei Udaltsov in Russia. [21] On October 31, Stein was arrested in Texas for criminal trespass, after trying to deliver food and supplies to environmental activists of Tar Sands Blockade camped out in trees protesting the construction of the Keystone XL pipeline. [22] [23]

The Free & Equal Elections Foundation hosted a third-party debate with Stein and three other candidates on October 19, followed by a debate between Stein and Gary Johnson held on November 5. [24] [25]

2016 Presidential campaign

Primary

Jill Stein's presidential campaign logo, 2016 Jill 2016.png
Jill Stein's presidential campaign logo, 2016
Stein with Jon Wiener, The Nation writer and host of the political podcast Start Making Sense in 2016 Historian and scholar Jon Wiener on his podcast Start Making Sense with guest Green Party candidate Jill Stein.jpg
Stein with Jon Wiener, The Nation writer and host of the political podcast Start Making Sense in 2016

On February 6, 2015, Stein announced the formation of an exploratory committee in preparation for a potential campaign for the Green Party's presidential nomination in 2016. [26] On June 22, she formally announced her candidacy in a live interview with Amy Goodman on Democracy Now! [27] After former Ohio state senator Nina Turner reportedly declined to be her running mate, [28] Stein chose human rights activist Ajamu Baraka on August 1, 2016. [29]

Stein stated during the 2016 campaign that the Democratic and Republican parties are "two corporate parties" that have converged into one. [30] Concerned by the rise of neofascism internationally and the rise of neoliberalism within the Democratic Party, she has said, "The answer to neofascism is stopping neoliberalism. Putting another Clinton in the White House will fan the flames of this right-wing extremism. We have known that for a long time, ever since Nazi Germany." [31] [32] In August 2016, Stein released the first two pages of her 2015 tax return on her website. [33] [34]

Stein's financial disclosure, filed in March 2016, indicated that she maintained investments of as much as $8.5 million, including mutual or index funds that included holdings in industries that she had previously criticized, such as energy, financial, pharmaceutical, tobacco, and defense contractors. [35] In response to questions about her finances, Stein said in part: "Sadly, most of these broad investments are as compromised as the American economy—degraded as it is by the fossil fuel, defense and finance industries", [35] and later characterized the article as a "smear attack" against her. [36]

On September 7, 2016, a North Dakota judge issued a warrant for Stein's arrest for spray-painting a bulldozer during a protest of the Dakota Access Pipeline. Stein was charged in Morton County with misdemeanor counts of criminal trespass and criminal mischief. Her running mate, Ajamu Baraka, received the same charges. [37] After the warrant was issued, Stein said that she would cooperate with the North Dakota authorities and arrange a court date. She defended her actions, saying that it would have been "inappropriate for me not to have done my small part" to support the Standing Rock Sioux. [38] In August 2017, she pleaded guilty to misdemeanor criminal mischief and was placed on probation for six months. [39]

General

Stein said in an interview with Politico that: "Donald Trump, I think, will have a lot of trouble moving things through Congress. Hillary Clinton, on the other hand, won't ... Hillary has the potential to do a whole lot more damage, get us into more wars, faster to pass her fracking disastrous climate program, much more easily than Donald Trump could do his." [40]

In the same interview, Stein said regarding Trump's business dealings and refusal to release his tax returns: "At least with Clinton, you know, there was some degree of transparency, but what's going on with Trump, you can't even get at, and what he said was that even to clarify 15 out of these 500 deals, these are just like the most frightening mafiosos around the world. He's like—he's a magnet for crime and extortion." [41]

Stein's highest polling average in four candidate polls was in late June 2016, when she polled at 4.8% nationally before ending at 1.9% nationally on the eve of election day. [42] Her polling numbers gradually slipped throughout the campaign, consistent with historical trends for minor party candidates. [43] [44]

Stein played a significant role in several crucial battleground states, drawing a vote total in three of them—Wisconsin, Michigan and Pennsylvania—that exceeded the margin between Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton. [45]

Recount fundraising

In November 2016, a group of computer scientists and election lawyers including J. Alex Halderman and John Bonifaz (founder of the National Voting Rights Institute) expressed concerns about the integrity of the presidential election results. They wanted a full audit or recount of the presidential election votes in three states key to Donald Trump's electoral college win—Michigan, Wisconsin, and Pennsylvania—but needed a candidate on the presidential ballot to file the petition to state authorities. After unsuccessfully lobbying Hillary Clinton and her team, the group approached Stein and she agreed to spearhead the recount effort. [46]

A crowdfunding campaign launched on November 24, 2016, to support the costs of the recount, raised more than $2.5 million in under 24 hours, [47] and $6.7 million in nearly a week. [48] On November 25, 2016, with 90 minutes remaining on the deadline to petition for a recount to Wisconsin's electoral body, Stein filed for a recount of its presidential election results. She signaled she intended to file for similar recounts in the subsequent days in Michigan and Pennsylvania. [49] President-elect Donald Trump issued a statement denouncing the recount request saying, "The people have spoken and the election is over." Trump further commented that the recount "is a scam by the Green Party for an election that has already been conceded." [50]

On December 2, 2016, Michigan Attorney General Bill Schuette filed a lawsuit to stop Stein's recount. [51] On the same day in Wisconsin a U.S. District Judge denied an emergency halt to the recount, allowing it to continue until a December 9, 2016, hearing. [52] On December 3, 2016, Stein dropped the state recount case in Pennsylvania, citing "the barriers to verifying the vote in Pennsylvania are so pervasive and that the state court system is so ill-equipped to address this problem that we must seek federal court intervention." [53]

Shortly after midnight on December 5, 2016, U.S. District Judge Mark A. Goldsmith ordered Michigan election officials to hand-recount 4.8 million ballots, rejecting all concerns for the cost of the recount. Goldsmith wrote in his order: "As emphasized earlier, budgetary concerns are not sufficiently significant to risk the disenfranchisement of Michigan's nearly 5 million voters". [54] Meanwhile, however, the Michigan Court of Appeals ruled that Stein, who placed fourth, had no chance of winning and was not an "aggrieved candidate" and ordered the Michigan election board to reject her petition for a recount. [55] On December 7, 2016, Judge Goldsmith halted the Michigan recount. [56] Stein filed an appeal with the Michigan Supreme Court, losing her appeal in a 3–2 decision on December 9, 2016. [57]

On December 12, 2016, U.S. District Judge Paul S. Diamond rejected Stein's request for a Pennsylvania recount. [58]

In May 2018, The Daily Beast reported that approximately $1 million of the original $7.3 million had yet to be spent and that there remained uncertainty about what precisely the money had been spent on. [59]

Election interference investigation

On December 18, 2017, The Washington Post reported that the Senate Intelligence Committee was looking at Stein's presidential campaign for potential "collusion with the Russians." [60] The Stein campaign released a statement stating it would work with investigators. [61] The Committee cleared Stein of any collusion with Russia. [62]

In December 2018, two reports commissioned by the Senate Intelligence Committee found that the Russian-linked Internet Research Agency boosted and promoted Stein's candidacy through social media posts, targeting African-American voters in particular. [63] [64] [65] [66] After consulting the two reports, NBC News reporter Robert Windrem said that nothing suggested Stein knew about the operation. [67] It also highlighted several independent analyses that "add to the growing body of evidence that the Russians worked to boost the Stein campaign as part of the effort to siphon support away from Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton and tilt the election to Trump." [63] Stein was also criticized for sitting at the same table as Russian president Vladimir Putin at the RT 10th anniversary gala in Moscow. Stein said she had attended the event in the hope of speaking to Putin about his policy in Syria, climate change and other issues. [68] [69] Stein, who has regularly appeared on RT and Sputnik during her 2012 and 2016 campaigns, announced her decision to form an exploratory committee to run in 2016 during the U.S.-based RT program "Redacted Tonight" in February 2015. [63] NBC said there was no evidence in the reports to indicate that Stein was aware any influence operation. NBC stated that Stein had been criticised for "her support of international policies that mirror Russian foreign policy goals." [67] Stein regularly appeared on RT. [70] [68] [71]

In an official statement, Stein called one of the reports, the one authored by New Knowledge, "dangerous new McCarthyism" and asked the Senate Committee to retract it, saying the firm was "sponsored by partisan Democratic funders" and had itself been shown to have been "directly involved in election interference" in the 2017 US Senate election in Alabama. [72]

By July 31, 2018, Stein had spent slightly under $100,000 of the recount money on legal representation linked to the Senate probe into election interference. [73] In March 2019, Stein's spokesman David Cobb said she had "fully cooperated with the Senate inquiry." [74]

2024 Presidential campaign

Primary

Jill Stein's presidential campaign logo, 2024 Jill Stein 2024.png
Jill Stein's presidential campaign logo, 2024

Stein originally supported activist and scholar Cornel West's 2024 presidential campaign under the Green Party and became his campaign manager. [75] After West withdrew his bid for the Green presidential nomination in order to instead continue his run for the presidency as an independent, Stein retracted her endorsement for West and said the Green Party would find a nominee elsewhere. She also hinted at a possible bid of her own. [76] [ excessive detail? ][ non-primary source needed ]

On November 9, 2023, Stein announced her third bid for president. [77] Having also run in 2016, Stein was described by Robert Tait as having the potential to erode Joe Biden's support in the general election among left-wing voters. [78] [79]

When announcing her candidacy, Stein described the two-party political system as "broken." She called for prioritizing a "pro-worker, anti-war, climate emergency agenda" in the upcoming election, aiming to bring these issues to the forefront of national discourse. [80]

Stein has also been an outspoken critic of U.S. foreign policy, particularly regarding the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Following the 7 October Hamas-led attack on Israel, she condemned Israel's military actions in the Gaza Strip and criticized President Joe Biden for what she described as a failure to intervene against what she termed Israel's "genocidal rampage." [80] Jill Stein's campaign platform advocates for what they describe as a comprehensive approach to addressing social and economic inequality through the establishment of an Economic Bill of Rights. This includes the rights to a living wage, housing, healthcare, childcare, education, retirement, healthy food, and clean water. [81]

General election

The 2024 campaign, like Stein's 2016 campaign, was described by some as a possible spoiler campaign, which may benefit Donald Trump. [82] [83] [84] Stein said "Candidates have to earn your vote, they don’t own your vote." [85]

In September 2024, Congresswoman Alexandra Ocasio Cortez criticized Stein saying, "'All you do is show up once every four years to speak to people who are justifiably pissed off, but you're just showing up once every four years to do that, you're not serious.'" Stein responded that Green candidates had won "1400 elections" and that the Democratic Party had worked to exclude third-party candidates from ballots and presidential debates. [86] [87] [88] Peter Rothpletz in The New Republic criticized Stein for the decline in Green party membership from 319,000 in 2004 to 234,000 in 2024 and for arguing in a 2016 interview that Hillary Clinton was a greater threat than Donald Trump. Rothpletz also referred to criticism of Stein by members of the Democratic Party that she defended members of the African People's Socialist Party, who were indicted for being part of a "malign influence campaign" on behalf of the Russian government, and that she did not know how many members were in the House of Representatives. [87]

Political positions

Economy and infrastructure

In her 2024 presidential campaign announcement video, Stein proposed an "economic bill of rights" that regard employment, health care, housing, food and education as rights. [81]

In 2015, Stein was critical of official employment numbers, saying that unemployment figures were "designed to essentially cover up unemployment," and that the real unemployment rate for that year was around 12–13%. [89] [90]

Financial reform and banking regulation

Stein called the Wall Street bailout wasteful. [91] In 2012, Stein opposed the raising of the debt ceiling, saying that the U.S. should instead raise taxes on the wealthy and make military spending cuts to offset the debt. [92] [ additional citation(s) needed ]

In 2016, Stein said that she supported a new 0.5% financial transactions tax on the sale of stocks, bonds, and derivatives, and an increase in the estate tax to "at least" 55% on inheritances over $3 million. [93]

During her 2012 and 2016 presidential runs, Stein called for "nationalizing" and "democratiz[ing]" the Federal Reserve, placing it under a Federal Monetary Authority in the Treasury Department and ending its independence. [94] [95]

She supported the creation of nonprofit publicly owned banks, pledging to create such entities at the federal and state levels. [93]

Education

Stein opposes charter schools and has been critical of the Common Core, saying that teachers rather than "corporate contractors" should be responsible for education. [96] [ additional citation(s) needed ]

Health effects of Wi-Fi

In a question-and-answer session, Stein voiced concern about wireless internet (Wi-Fi) in schools, saying, "We should not be subjecting kids' brains especially to that ... We don't follow that issue in this country, but in Europe, where they do, they have good precautions around wireless, maybe not good enough." [97] Stein later said, "we should listen to what scientific experts are saying and take precautions about how much we expose young children to WiFi and cellphones until we know more about the long-term health effects of this type of low-level radiation." [98]

In an interview with the Los Angeles Times editorial board, Stein clarified that her statements on Wi-Fi were "not a policy statement" and that attention to her statement on Wi-Fi was "a sign of a gotcha political system". [99]

Debt forgiveness

Stein favors canceling all student loan debt, saying that it could be done using quantitative easing, similar to the Wall Street bailout, without raising taxes. In this plan, the Federal Reserve could buy up student loans and agree not to collect the debt, thereby effectively canceling it. [100]

Electoral reform

Stein is critical of the two-party system, and argues for ranked-choice voting as a favorable alternative to "lesser evilism". [101] [102] Stein has advocated for campaign finance reform. [103] [104]

Energy and environment

Stein says that climate change is a "national emergency" and calling it "a threat greater than World War II." [105]

Fossil fuels

Stein supports a national ban on fracking on the grounds that "cutting-edge science now suggests fracking is every bit as bad as coal". [106] [107]

Nuclear power

Stein has spoken against nuclear energy, saying it "is dirty, dangerous and expensive, and should be precluded on all of those counts." [107] [ additional citation(s) needed ]

Implications

In 2016, Stein has argued that the cost of transitioning to 100% renewable energy by 2030 would in part be recouped by healthcare savings, citing studies that predict 200,000 fewer premature deaths as well as less illness. She has noted that when Cuba lost Soviet oil subsidies it experienced plummeting diabetes (down 50%), CVD (down 30%) and all-cause (down 18%) death rates. [106]

Foreign and defense policy

At a rally in 2016, she criticized the United States' "expanding wars", saying that the United States had "already" been bombing seven countries. [108]

In 2012, Stein favored maintaining current levels of international aid spending. [109] [ additional citation(s) needed ]

Israel and Palestine

Stein is a long-time supporter of Palestine. [110] Her 2012 presidential campaign opposed the occupation of the West Bank by Israel and called for a boycott of Israel, which it described as an apartheid state. [7] She is in favour of the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions movement. In 2016, she said the US should stop providing aid to Israel, which she said was committing war crimes and human rights violations. [2]

Stein said that Israel is committing genocide against Palestinians in the 2024 Israel-Hamas war and that both Democrats and Republicans are enabling the genocide by providing military aid to Israel while de-funding the UNRWA. [7]

When asked in September 2016 whether she had a "position on whether a two-state solution is a better solution than a one-state solution", Stein answered by describing limitations of a two-state solution, specifically calling out the geographical fragmentation of Palestine, but that she is "not committing one way or the other at this point." [106]


Military spending and weapons use

Stein wishes to cut U.S. military spending by at least 50%. [111] [ additional citation(s) needed ]

Stein wants to remove U.S. nuclear weapons from foreign countries. [112] Stein has been sharply critical of the use of drones, calling them a human rights violation and an "illegal assassination program" saying that they are "off target nine times out of ten." [113]

According to Stein, the United States should use force only when there is "good evidence that we are under imminent threat of actual attack". [106] When asked by the Los Angeles Times editorial board whether that standard would have prevented US involvement in World War II, Stein answered, "I don't want to revisit history or try to reinterpret it, you know, but starting from where we are now, given the experience that we've had in the last, you know, since 2001, which has been an utter disaster, I don't think it's benefited us." [106] Stein criticized the 2003 invasion of Iraq, U.S.-led War in Afghanistan and U.S. involvement in the Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen, stating: "We are party to the war crimes that are being committed by Saudi Arabia, who’s using cluster bombs made by us. And we’ve supplied $100 billion worth of weapons to the Saudis in the last decade...It’s against our own laws. The Leahy bill requires that we not sell weapons to human rights abusers." [114]

NATO

When asked whether the US should withdraw from all of its mutual defense treaties, Stein answered that the treaties need to "be looked at one by one", mentioning NATO in particular. [106]

Stein accused NATO member Turkey of supporting Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, saying that "we need to convince Turkey, our ally in theory, to close its border to the movement of jihadi militias across its border to reinforce ISIS." [114]

Russo-Ukrainian War

In a July 2015 interview, Stein said that NATO "pursued a policy of basically encircling Russia—including the threat of nukes and drones and so on." She was asked whether the US should aid the Ukrainian government following the 2014 revolution, to which she responded by advocating for "establishing a neutral Ukraine that would allow Russia to not feel under attack". She said that the US "helped foment a coup against a democratically-elected government", contending that the post-revolution government contained "ultra-nationalists and ex-Nazis". [115] [ additional citation(s) needed ]

In October 2016, Stein characterized the conflict as "the Cuban Missile Crisis in reverse, on steroids". She said that Russia had been "surrounded" with NATO assets. [114]

In a 2024 interview by Mehdi Hasan, Stein was asked whether she considers Vladimir Putin a "war criminal who should be on trial". [116] [117] Hasan juxtaposed her past remarks regarding Putin, Bashar al-Assad and Benjamin Netanyahu, repeatedly asking Stein why there had been no remarks from her characterizing Putin or Assad as a war criminal. She referred to John F. Kennedy, responding, "if you want to be an effective world leader, you don't start by name-calling and hurling epithets." She then claimed that there had been no decision by the International Criminal Court regarding Putin. [117] Three days later in response to the interview, Stein's Twitter account posted a statement describing Putin as a war criminal. [118]

Middle East

On the eve of the 15-year anniversary of the September 11 attacks, Stein called for "a comprehensive and independent inquiry into the attacks," saying that the 9/11 Commission Report contained many "omissions and distortions." [119] The next day, she said: "I think I would not have assassinated Osama bin Laden but would have captured him and brought him to trial." [120]

Stein told CNN that she attended the conference to advocate for a ceasefire in the Middle East and to tell Russia to stop its military incursion in Syria. [121]

Other views

East Asia

Stein does not think the U.S. should become involved in territorial disputes in the South China Sea. [115] [ additional citation(s) needed ]

Brexit

Immediately after the UK voted to leave the European Union in June 2016, Stein came out in support of Brexit. Stein posted a celebratory statement on her website, saying the vote was "a victory for those who believe in the right of self-determination and who reject the pro-corporate, austerity policies of the political elites in the EU ... [and] a rejection of the European political elite and their contempt for ordinary people." [122] [123] She later changed the statement (without indicating so), removing words like "victory" and adding the line, "Before the Brexit vote I agreed with Jeremy Corbyn, Caroline Lucas and the UK Greens who supported staying in the EU but working to fix it." [122] [123] [124]

Cuba

After the death of Cuban former communist leader Fidel Castro, Stein tweeted that "Fidel Castro was a symbol of the struggle for justice in the shadow of empire." [125]

Public health and views towards vaccines

Stein is in favor of replacing the Affordable Care Act (Obamacare) with a "Medicare for All" healthcare system [109] [ additional citation(s) needed ] and has said that it is an "illusion" that the former is a "step in the right direction" toward single-payer healthcare. [126] [ additional citation(s) needed ]

Stein has been critical of subsidizing unhealthy food products and of "agri-business" for its advertisements encouraging unhealthy eating. She has said that due to agri-business, Greeks no longer have the healthy diets they once did. [91] [ additional citation(s) needed ]

GMOs and pesticides

Stein supports GMO labeling, a moratorium on new GMOs, and the phasing out of existing GMO foods, unless independent research "shows decisively that GMOs are not harmful to human health or ecosystems". [127] Speaking of the health effects of foods derived from GM crops, she has said: "And I can tell you as a physician with special interest and long history in environmental health, the quality of studies that we have are not what you need. We should have a moratorium until they are proven safe, and they have not been proven safe in the way that they are used." [127]

Commentators have criticized Stein's statements about GMOs, writing that they contradict the scientific consensus, which is that existing GM foods are no less safe than foods made from conventional crops. [128] Among the critics was Jordan Weissmann, Slate's business and economics editor, who wrote in July 2016: "Never mind that scientists have studied GMOs extensively and found no signs of danger to human health—Stein would like medical researchers to prove a negative." [90]

Vaccinations and regulations

In response to a Twitter question about whether vaccines cause autism, Stein first answered, "there is no evidence that autism is caused by vaccines," then revised her tweet to "I'm not aware of evidence linking autism with vaccines." [129]

Dan Kahan, a professor at Yale who has studied public perception of science, says that it is dangerous for candidates to equivocate on vaccines, "Because the attitudes about vaccines are pretty much uniform across the political spectrum, it doesn't seem like a great idea for any candidate to be anti-vaccine. The modal view is leave the freaking system alone." [130] Emily Willingham, scientist and contributor at Forbes , described Stein's statements on vaccines as "using dog whistle terms and equivocations bound to appeal to the 'antivaccine' constituency". [131]

In an interview with The Washington Post , Stein stated that "vaccines have been absolutely critical in ridding us of the scourge of many diseases," and said that "[t]here were concerns among physicians about what the vaccination schedule meant, the toxic substances like mercury which used to be rampant in vaccines. There were real questions that needed to be addressed. I think some of them at least have been addressed. I don't know if all of them have been addressed." [132] [133]

In July 2018 Washington Post interview, Stein said that vaccines should be approved by a board that people can trust, and "people do not trust a Food and Drug Administration," or Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "where corporate influence and the pharmaceutical industry has a lot of influence." According to The Guardian , eleven members of the Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee are medical doctors who work at hospitals and universities, and two work at pharmaceutical companies, GlaxoSmithKline and Sanofi Pasteur US. In response, Stein said that "Monsanto lobbyists help run the day in those agencies and are in charge of approving what food isn't safe". [132] [133]

Race relations

Black Americans

Stein has deplored what she and others identify as the structural racism of the U.S. judicial and prison system. On Juneteenth in 2016, Stein called for reparations for slavery. [134]

Native Americans

Stein has supported the Great Sioux Nation's opposition to the Dakota Access Pipeline, and in September 2016 joined protesters in North Dakota. In 2016, both Stein and her running mate, Ajamu Baraka, faced misdemeanor criminal charges for spray-painting bulldozers at the construction site of the pipeline with "I approve this message" and "decolonization" respectively. [135] [136]

Space exploration

In 2012, Vote Smart reported that Stein wanted to "slightly decrease" spending on space exploration. She favored maintaining current levels of spending on scientific and medical research. In 2016, Stein said NASA funding should be increased, arguing that by halving the military budget, more money could be directed towards "exploring space instead of destroying planet Earth." [109] [ additional citation(s) needed ]

Whistleblowers

In her 2016 acceptance speech for the Green Party nomination, she called for "end[ing] the war on whistleblowers, and free[ing] the political prisoners ... Leonard Peltier, Mumia Abu Jamal, Chelsea Manning, Julian Assange, Edward Snowden, Jeffrey Sterling, and Edward Pinkney". [137] [ better source needed ] She said that she would have Snowden in her Cabinet if elected. [138] In an op-ed on the subject of WikiLeaks, Stein argued that Assange was doing what other journalists should be doing but are not, and added that whistleblowers have been increasingly subject to "character assassination" and prosecution during the Obama administration. [139]

Electoral history

2004 9th Middlesex District

In 2004, Stein ran for state representative for the 9th Middlesex District, which included portions of Waltham and Lexington. She received 3,911 votes (21.3%) in a three-way race, ahead of the Republican candidate but far behind Democratic incumbent Thomas M. Stanley. [140]

2005 Lexington Town Meeting

In 2005, Stein set her sights locally, running for the Lexington Town Meeting, a representative town meeting, the local legislative body in Lexington, Massachusetts. Stein was elected to one of seven seats in Precinct 2. [141] She finished first of 16 candidates, receiving 539 votes (20.6%). Stein was reelected in 2008, finishing second of 13 vying for eight seats. [142] Stein resigned during her second term to again run for governor. [143]

2002 Governor of Massachusetts

Stein ran as the Green-Rainbow Party candidate in the 2002 Massachusetts gubernatorial election with Tony Lorenzen as running mate. She obtained 76,530 votes (3.5%). [144]

Massachusetts gubernatorial election, 2002 [145]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Republican Mitt Romney 1,091,988 49.18% Decrease2.svg0.8%
Democratic Shannon O'Brien 985,98144.40%Decrease2.svg2.2%
Green-Rainbow Jill Stein76,5303.44%Increase2.svg3.44
Libertarian Carla Howell 23,0441.04%Decrease2.svg0.64
Independent Barbara Johnson15,3350.69%Increase2.svg0.70
Write-in 1,3010.07%Decrease2.svg0.05
Blank26,1221.17%
Total votes2,220,301 100.00 + 4.04

2006 Secretary of the Commonwealth

At the Green-Rainbow Party state convention on March 4, 2006, Stein was nominated for Secretary of the Commonwealth. In a two-way race with the three-term incumbent, Democrat Bill Galvin, she received 353,551 votes (17.7%). [146]

Secretary of the Commonwealth election, 2006 [147]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Democratic William Francis Galvin 1,638,594 82.0%
Green Jill Stein353,55117.7%
Total votes2,243,835 100.00

2010 Governor of Massachusetts

Jill Stein announcing her candidacy for governor in February 2010, standing in front of the Massachusetts State House Jill Stein Candidacy Rally February 2010.JPG
Jill Stein announcing her candidacy for governor in February 2010, standing in front of the Massachusetts State House

On February 8, 2010, Stein announced her second candidacy for governor. [148] Her running mate was Richard P. Purcell, a surgery clerk and ergonomics assessor. [149] In the November 2 general election, Stein finished fourth, receiving 32,895 votes (1.4%), again far behind the incumbent, Democrat Deval Patrick. [150]

Massachusetts gubernatorial election, 2010 [151]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Democratic Deval Patrick (incumbent) 1,112,283 48.42 Decrease2.svg7.21
Republican Charlie Baker 964,86642.00Increase2.svg6.67
Independent Tim Cahill 184,3958.03Increase2.svg1.06
Green-Rainbow Jill Stein32,8951.43Decrease2.svg0.51
Write-inAll others2,6000.11Decrease2.svg0.01
Total votes2,297,039

2012 President of the United States

Stein received 469,015 votes (0.36%), the largest number of votes any woman presidential candidate had received up to that point. [152] [153] She received 1% or more of the vote in three states: Maine (1.1%), Oregon (1.1%), and Alaska (1.0%).

2012 United States presidential election [154]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Democratic Barack Obama / Joe Biden (inc.) 65,915,795 51.1%
Republican Mitt Romney / Paul Ryan 60,933,50447.2%
Libertarian Gary Johnson / Jim Gray 1,275,9711.0%
Green Jill Stein / Cheri Honkala 469,6270.4%
Constitution Virgil Goode / James Clymer122,3890.1%
Peace and Freedom Roseanne Barr / Cindy Sheehan 67,3260.1%
Justice Rocky Anderson / Luis J. Rodriguez 43,018nil
American Independent Tom Hoefling / J.D. Ellis40,628nil
Reform Andre Barnett / Kenneth Cross956nil
N/A Other216,1960.2%
Total votes129,085,410 100%

2016 President of the United States

Stein received 1% of the national popular vote in the election. [155] She finished in 4th place with over 1,457,216 votes (more than the previous three Green tickets combined) and 1.07% of the popular vote.

2016 United States presidential election [156]
PartyCandidatePopular votes %Electoral votes
Republican Donald Trump / Mike Pence 62,985,10646.09%304
Democratic Hillary Clinton / Tim Kaine 65,853,62548.18%227
Libertarian Gary Johnson / Bill Weld 4,489,2333.28%0
Green Jill Stein / Ajamu Baraka 1,457,2221.07%0
Independent Evan McMullin / Mindy Finn 731,7880.54%0
Others1,152,6710.84%0
Total136,669,237100%538

2024 President of the United States

2024 United States presidential election
PartyCandidatePopular votes %Electoral votes
Republican Donald Trump / J.D. Vance 75,492,42450.2312
Democratic Kamala Harris / Tim Walz 72,350,34048.1226
Independent Robert Kennedy Jr. / Nicole Shanahan 706,3180.50
Green Jill Stein / Butch Ware [157] 730,9390.5%0
OthersTBATBA
TotalTBATBA

Personal life

Stein is married to Richard Rohrer, who is also a physician. They live in Lexington, Massachusetts, and have two sons. [158] [159] [160]

In the 1990s, Stein sang in a folk rock duo called Somebody's Sister, alongside Ken Selcer. They released three albums: Somebody's Sister in 1995, Green Skies in 1997 and Circuits to the Sun in 1999. [161] [162]

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References

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  2. 1 2 3 Sales, Ben (July 16, 2016). "6 things to know about Jill Stein, Israel-bashing last Jewish candidate standing". Times of Israel. Retrieved September 28, 2024.
  3. ↑ "Jill Stein | Education, Medical Career, Activism, Election Results, Green New Deal, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. September 20, 2024. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  4. 1 2 "Meet Jill Stein, the Green Party Candidate for President". NBC News . March 26, 2016. Retrieved May 31, 2016.
  5. ↑ "Harvard Grad Jill Stein Faces Uphill Battle for Presidency". Harvard Crimson. November 30, 2015. Retrieved May 31, 2016.
  6. ↑ "Jill Stein | Education, Medical Career, Activism, Election Results, Green New Deal, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. November 8, 2024. Retrieved November 13, 2024.
  7. 1 2 3 Slyomovics, Nettanel (April 18, 2024). "'I Was Taught Genocide Should Never Happen Again': Jill Stein vs. the State of Israel". Haaretz. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  8. ↑ "We Fight Back – Jan 20, 2025". The People's Forum. Retrieved November 12, 2024.
  9. ↑ Winger, Richard. "Ben Manski Will be Campaign Manager for Jill Stein Presidential Run". Ballot Access News. Retrieved December 3, 2011.
  10. 1 2 3 Friedersdorf, Conor (May 21, 2012). "The 3 Green Party Candidates and Their Disappointing Platforms". The Atlantic . Retrieved July 28, 2016.
  11. ↑ "Jill Stein says she has delegates for Green Party nod for president". Boston Herald . Boston.com. Retrieved June 26, 2012.
  12. ↑ "Mitt Romney won't be the only Massachusetts resident on the presidential ballot". The Boston Globe. Retrieved June 26, 2012.
  13. ↑ Stapleton, Christine (July 12, 2012). "Green Party presidential candidate Jill Stein qualifies for matching funds". The Palm Beach Post . Retrieved January 31, 2024.
  14. ↑ Turner, Maureen (July 12, 2012). "Stein Qualifies for Public Campaign Funds". The Valley Advocate . Retrieved January 31, 2024.
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  24. ↑ Calderone, Michael (October 19, 2012). "Third-Party Debate To Be Broadcast By Al Jazeera English, RT America, But Not Major Cable News Networks". Huffington Post. Retrieved August 31, 2016.
  25. ↑ "Open Debates". Free and Equal. Archived from the original on September 14, 2016. Retrieved August 31, 2016.
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  28. ↑ Gomez, Henry J. (August 2, 2016). "Nina Turner turns down offer to be the Green Party's candidate for vice president". Cleveland.com. Retrieved August 2, 2016.
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  32. ↑ "Left Forum 2016, Is Sanders the Answer to Building Left and Black Power?". youtube. Open University of the Left. May 24, 2016. Archived from the original on December 13, 2021. Retrieved August 17, 2016.
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  35. 1 2 Ali, Yashar (October 26, 2016). "Jill Stein's Ideology Says One Thing—Her Investment Portfolio Says Another". The Daily Beast . Retrieved October 26, 2016.
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  38. ↑ "Green Party presidential candidate Jill Stein to speak on arrest warrant". ABC. September 9, 2016. Retrieved September 9, 2016.
  39. ↑ "The Latest: Jill Stein pleads guilty in pipeline protest". ABC News . Archived from the original on January 29, 2018.
  40. ↑ Reilly, Adam (July 27, 2016). "Jill Stein Crashes The DNC With Fox News". WGBH News.
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  42. ↑ General Election: Trump vs. Clinton vs. Johnnson vs. Stein, Real Clear Politics , August 30, 2016. Retrieved August 31, 2016.
  43. ↑ Katz, Josh (August 4, 2016). "Can Gary Johnson, the Libertarian Nominee, Swing the Election?". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved August 4, 2016. Since 1968, all of the major third-party candidates have seen their polling averages decline closer to the election. ... Jill Stein, the Green Party's presumptive nominee ... is polling in the low-single digits and is a long shot to make the debates.
  44. ↑ Aaron Blake (August 5, 2016). "A new poll has Trump in fourth — behind Gary Johnson AND Jill Stein — with young people". The Washington Post . Third-party candidates tend to poll better before Election Day than they actually perform on Election Day. ... If history is any guide (and it has not always been one this election cycle), support for Johnson and Stein will ebb over the next three months.
  45. ↑ Haberman, Maggie et al (September 22, 2020) "How Republicans Are Trying to Use the Green Party to Their Advantage." New York Times. (Retrieved September 24, 2020.)
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  73. ↑ Davis, Charles (July 13, 2018). "Jill Stein's Recount Cash Pays for Her Russia Legal Defense" . Retrieved August 5, 2019.
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  75. ↑ McKend, Eva; Krieg, Gregory (June 22, 2023). "Jill Stein enlisted to help build Cornel West's third-party presidential campaign". CNN. Retrieved November 9, 2023.
  76. ↑ @DrJillStein (October 5, 2023). "Breaking – Stein & Baraka wish Dr. West well, affirm support for a strong Green campaign Boston – Jill Stein and Ajamu Baraka, previously advisors to the West campaign, today wished Cornel West well in his upcoming independent presidential campaign, in the following joint statement: "As colleagues who helped persuade Dr. West to pursue the Green nomination, we appreciate the good faith effort he has made over the past four months. Running solo, however, may better suit his long standing role as a fiercely independent voice of moral authority. While we share Dr. West's formidable commitment to peace and justice, we are respectfully parting ways at this juncture, as we are committed to building a±n independent people-powered party as an indispensable vehicle for challenging empire and oligarchy for the long haul. "In light of Dr. West's decision to run independently, we are in discussion with several former candidates about potentially entering the race to carry the Green Party's anti-war, pro-worker, climate emergency agenda into this critical election. "With the Democratic Party now leading the charge for war and censorship, betraying workers on the rail strike and dropping the $15 dollar minimum wage, outdoing Trump in new fossil fuel projects on public lands, and voluntarily resuming crushing student debt payments when people are barely scraping by paycheck to paycheck – for all these reasons and more, we need an independent, corporate-free people's party more than ever. "In deciding to run as an independent, the West campaign leaves behind the ballot lines they would have had access to, as well as the guidance of experienced ballot access staff and Green volunteers familiar with the process in most of the 50 states. We expect this will be a formidable obstacle in the coming months. "Though Dr. West won't be running with our team, he is offering an inspired, courageous example to voters and candidates alike. We believe he is making an immeasurable contribution to the 2024 election, and for that we are deeply grateful. Given our similar visions and agendas, we will continue to look for synergy on the road ahead."" (Tweet). Retrieved November 9, 2023– via Twitter.
  77. ↑ Astor, Maggie (November 9, 2023). "Jill Stein Announces Third-Party Bid for President". The New York Times .
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  85. ↑ Markoe, Lauren (August 27, 2024). "Jill Stein says war in Gaza 'makes any genocide pale by comparison' — and then says she misspoke". The Forward.
  86. ↑ Barber, Rachel (September 3, 2024). "Jill Stein hits back after AOC says her bids for the White House are 'predatory'". USA TODAY. Retrieved September 27, 2024.
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  89. ↑ "Jill Stein on Budget & Economy". On The Issues. March 24, 2016. Archived from the original on April 11, 2016.
  90. 1 2 Weissmann, Jordan (July 27, 2016). "Jill Stein's Ideas Are Terrible. She Is Not the Savior the Left Is Looking For". Slate .
  91. 1 2 Reilly, Peter J. "Not Your Average Jill Stein Interview". Forbes . Retrieved August 1, 2016.
  92. ↑ "Jill Stein on Budget & Economy". www.ontheissues.org. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  93. 1 2 Eugene Scott, Where the Green Party's Jill Stein stands on jobs, taxes and more, CNN Money (August 17, 2016).
  94. ↑ Olear, Greg (October 26, 2012). "If only it made sense to vote for a third party". Salon. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
  95. ↑ Scott, Eugene (August 17, 2016). "Where the Green Party's Jill Stein stands on jobs, taxes and more". CNN Money. The candidate also wants to nationalize the Federal Reserve banks and place them under a Federal Monetary Authority within the Treasury Department.
  96. ↑ "Jill Stein on Education". www.ontheissues.org. Retrieved June 9, 2016.
  97. ↑ Eli Watkins (August 16, 2016). "Anti-science claims dog Green Party's Jill Stein". CNN. Retrieved October 25, 2016.
  98. ↑ Spielberg, Ben (October 24, 2016). "The media — and many Democrats — need to stop attacking Jill Stein unfairly". Vox. Retrieved October 25, 2016.
  99. ↑ Times, Los Angeles (September 6, 2016). "Jill Stein tells The Times editorial board why she thinks voting Democrat or Republican makes little difference". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved October 25, 2016.
  100. ↑ DiChristopher, Tom (August 10, 2016). "Green Party candidate Jill Stein says we need a jobs program like the 'New Deal'". CNBC. Retrieved August 30, 2016.
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  102. ↑ Speri, Alice (July 29, 2016). "The Two-Party System is the Worst Case Scenario: An Interview with the Green Party's Jill Stein/". The Intercept. Retrieved August 16, 2016.
  103. ↑ "Meet Jill". Stein / Ware 2024. Retrieved November 13, 2024.
  104. ↑ "Jill Stein | Education, Medical Career, Activism, Election Results, Green New Deal, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. November 8, 2024. Retrieved November 13, 2024.
  105. ↑ "Climate change, erasing student debt top policies for Stein". Yahoo News. Archived from the original on November 7, 2016. Retrieved November 6, 2016.
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  107. 1 2 "Jill Stein on Energy & Oil". www.ontheissues.org. Retrieved June 9, 2016.
  108. ↑ Jill Stein, Green Party candidate, correct about U.S. bombing seven countries. PolitiFact. October 21, 2016.
  109. 1 2 3 "The Voter's Self Defense System". Project Vote Smart. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
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  111. ↑ "Jill Stein on Homeland Security". www.ontheissues.org. Retrieved June 9, 2016.
  112. ↑ "For Stein, climate change and erasing student debt are high-priority". PBS. October 30, 2016.
  113. ↑ Gersh Kuntzman. "Green Party Presidential candidate Jill Stein slams the system, law-breaking Obama, 'Frankenstein' Trump and 'corporate' Hillary Clinton". New York Daily News. Retrieved July 29, 2016.
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  117. 1 2 McHardy, Martha (September 17, 2024). "Jill Stein's response to Putin being labeled 'war criminal' goes viral". Newsweek. Retrieved September 21, 2024.
  118. ↑ Ostiller, Nate (September 20, 2024). "US Green Party candidate Stein calls Putin 'war criminal,' clarifying stance after controversial interview". The Kyiv Independent. Retrieved September 21, 2024.
  119. ↑ Neidig, Harper (September 10, 2016). "Jill Stein calls for new 9/11 investigation". The Hill.
  120. ↑ Kathie Obradovich (September 12, 2016). "Jill Stein in Iowa: I would not have assassinated Osama bin Laden". Des Moines Register.
  121. ↑ "Jill Stein slams Clinton's accusations". CNN. October 19, 2019.
  122. 1 2 "The Case Against Jill Stein". Rolling Stone . September 2016. Archived from the original on July 30, 2017. Retrieved September 2, 2016.
  123. 1 2 Rosenberg, Yair (August 10, 2016). "Friends Don't Let Friends Vote for Jill Stein". Tablet. Retrieved August 15, 2016.
  124. ↑ "Green Party Hero Jill Stein Busted Trying to Cover Up Her Praise of Bigotry-Driven Brexit". June 27, 2016. Retrieved June 30, 2016.
  125. ↑ Meyer, Ken (November 27, 2016). "Jill Stein Gets Predictable Backlash After Calling Castro a 'Symbol of the Struggle for Justice'". Mediaite.
  126. ↑ "Jill Stein on Health Care". www.ontheissues.org. Retrieved June 9, 2016.
  127. 1 2 Eli Watkins (August 16, 2016). "Anti-science claims dog Green Party's Jill Stein". CNN. Retrieved August 20, 2016.
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  130. ↑ Meyer, Robinson (August 2016). "An Anti-Vaxer in the White House?". The Atlantic . Retrieved August 2, 2016.
  131. ↑ Willingham, Emily (August 1, 2016). "Jill Stein Sort Of Answers The Autism-Vaccine Question And No One Is Happy". Forbes . Retrieved August 1, 2016.
  132. 1 2 "Jill Stein on vaccines: People have 'real questions'". The Washington Post . July 29, 2016. Retrieved July 29, 2016.
  133. 1 2 Yuhas, Alan (July 30, 2016). "Green party candidate Jill Stein accused of 'anti-vaxxer' sympathies". The Guardian. Retrieved July 30, 2016.
  134. ↑ Foran, Clare (July 28, 2016). "Can Jill Stein Lead a Revolution?". The Atlantic . Archived from the original on July 29, 2016.
  135. ↑ Regina Garcia Cano, Green Party's Jill Stein charged with trespassing, mischief Archived September 11, 2016, at the Wayback Machine , Associated Press (September 8, 2016).
  136. ↑ Bromwich, Jonah (September 7, 2016). "Jill Stein, Green Party Candidate, Is Charged Over Role in Pipeline Protest". The New York Times'.
  137. ↑ "Transcript: Jill Stein Accepts the Green Party Nomination". Jill 2016. August 6, 2016.
  138. ↑ "Jill Stein says Edward Snowden would be in her cabinet if she becomes president – WMNF". WMNF. July 13, 2016. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
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  140. ↑ "2004 State Representative General Election: 9th Middlesex District". Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Retrieved February 2, 2019.
  141. ↑ "Jill E. Stein's Biography Candidate Details". votesmart.org. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
  142. ↑ "Green Party of the United States | Candidate Details". GP.org. March 3, 2008. Archived from the original on September 19, 2012. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
  143. ↑ "Candidate: Jill Stein Green Party nominee". USA Today . Retrieved August 29, 2016.
  144. ↑ "2002 Governor General Election". Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Retrieved February 2, 2019.
  145. ↑ "PD43+ » Search Elections".
  146. ↑ "2006 Secretary of the Commonwealth General Election". Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Retrieved February 2, 2019.
  147. ↑ "2006 Secretary of the Commonwealth General Election". Electionstats. Retrieved September 14, 2024.
  148. ↑ Stein denounces Beacon Hill "corruption tax" as she announces run for governor Boston.com, February 8, 2010
  149. ↑ Stabile, Lori (April 3, 2010). "Gubernatorial candidate Jill Stein of Green-Rainbow Party, introduces lieutenant governor candidate Richard P. Purcell, of Holyoke". The Republican (Springfield) .
  150. ↑ "2010 Governor General Election". Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Retrieved February 2, 2019.
  151. ↑ "2010 Return of Votes Complete Statistics" (PDF). Massachusetts Elections Division. December 1, 2010. Retrieved December 4, 2010.
  152. ↑ Matthias, Meg (August 23, 2024). "Green Party of the United States". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved September 4, 2024.
  153. ↑ 2012 Presidential General Election Results, Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections accessed November 19, 2012
  154. ↑ "2012 Presidential Election". 270towin. Retrieved September 14, 2024.
  155. ↑ Larry J. Sabato; Kyle Kondik; Geoffrey Skelley (November 17, 2016). "16 For '16: Bite-sized observations on a wild election". Larry J. Sabato's Crystal Ball. University of Virginia Center for Politics . Retrieved November 17, 2016.
  156. ↑ "2016 Presidential Election". 270towin. Retrieved September 14, 2024.
  157. ↑ "Dr. Jill Stein announces Butch Ware as VP running mate". NBC Montana. August 16, 2024. Retrieved September 14, 2024.
  158. ↑ "Interview: Jill Stein (G-R) Candidate for Governor". Boston.com. Retrieved May 31, 2016.
  159. ↑ Hirsch, David S. (October 2, 2002). "Governor Candidates Bicker in Debate". The Harvard Crimson . Archived from the original on December 10, 2012. Retrieved July 14, 2012.
  160. ↑ Saulny, Susan (July 12, 2012). "Party Strains to Be Heard Now That Its Voice Isn't Nader's". The New York Times . p. A10. Retrieved July 14, 2012.
  161. ↑ Holmes, Dave (August 4, 2016). "Green Party Presidential Hopeful Jill Stein Had a Folk-Rock Duo in the '90s". Esquire. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  162. ↑ Romm, Jake (November 30, 2016). "When Jill Stein Was in a Really Bad Folk Band Called Somebody's Sister". The Forward. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
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