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Moronene is an Austronesian language spoken in Bombana Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. It belongs to the Bungku–Tolaki branch of the Celebic subgroup.
The Bungku–Tolaki languages are a group of languages spoken primarily in South East Sulawesi province, Indonesia, and in neighboring parts of Central and South Sulawesi provinces.
The Celebic languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages spoken on the island of Sulawesi, formerly called Celebes. Almost all of the languages spoken in the provinces of Central Sulawesi and Southeast Sulawesi belong to the Celebic group. A few Celebic languages are located in South Sulawesi province. By number of languages, Celebic is the largest subgroup of Austronesian languages on Sulawesi.
On the Indonesian island of Sulawesi, 114 native languages are spoken, all of which belong to the Malayo-Polynesian subgroup of the Austronesian language family. With a total number of 17,200,000 inhabitants, Sulawesi displays a high linguistic diversity when compared with the most densely populated Indonesian island Java, which hosts 4–8 languages spoken by 145,100,000 inhabitants.
Bajaw is the language of the Bajaw, widely known as the 'sea gypsies' of Maritime Southeast Asia. Differences exist between the language's varieties in western Sabah, Mapun in southern Philippines, eastern Sabah, and across Sulawesi to Maluku. However, it is not clear how many languages these would be based on mutual intelligibility.
Tolaki (To'olaki) is the major language of Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. It is an Austronesian language of the Celebic branch.
In its broad sense, Mori is a cover term used to refer collectively to two languages of Central Sulawesi: Mori Bawah and Mori Atas. Sometimes a third language, Padoe, is also included.
Wawonii (Wowoni) is an Austronesian language of the Wawonii and Menui islands of Indonesia. The language is quite close to the Bungku language.
Bungku is an Austronesian language of Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. It is quite close to Wawonii. It was a local lingua franca before independence.
Mori Bawah, also known as Lower Mori or East Mori, is an Austronesian language of the Celebic branch. It is one of the principal languages of the Morowali Regency in Central Sulawesi.
Padoe is an Austronesian language of the Celebic branch. It was traditionally spoken in the rolling plains south of Lake Matano in South Sulawesi province. In the 1950s, a portion of the Padoe-speaking population fled to Central Sulawesi to escape the ravages of the Darul Islam / Tentara Islam Indonesia (DI/TII) revolt. In 1991, it was estimated there were 5,000 speakers of Padoe in all locations.
Mori Atas, also known as Upper Mori or West Mori, is an Austronesian language of the Celebic branch. The traditional Mori Atas homeland is the upper course of the Laa River in Central Sulawesi.
Kamaru is an Austronesian language spoken on Buton Island, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. It belongs to the Wotu–Wolio branch of the Celebic subgroup.
Wotu is an endangered Austronesian language of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. It belongs to the Wotu–Wolio branch of the Celebic subgroup.
Laiyolo (Layolo) or Loa’ is an Austronesian language of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. It is spoken at the southern tip of Selayar Island and belongs to the Wotu–Wolio branch of the Celebic subgroup.
Bahonsuai is an Austronesian language of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia.
Tomadino is an Austronesian language of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. It belongs to the Bungku–Tolaki branch of the Celebic subgroup.
Waru is an Austronesian language of Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia.
Kodeoha (Kondeha) is an Austronesian language of Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia.
Rahambuu is an Austronesian language of Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia.
References
- ↑ Kulisusu at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
Koroni at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
Taloki at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) - ↑ Endangered Languages Project data for Koroni.