There are 1274 scheduled monuments in the county of Cumbria, in North West England. [1] These protected sites date from the Neolithic period and include barrows, stone circles, Roman forts, standing stones, 19th century industrial sites, abbeys, and ruined castles. [2] In the United Kingdom, the scheduling of monuments was first initiated to ensure the preservation of "nationally important" archaeological sites or historic buildings. Protection is given to scheduled monuments under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979. [3]
Image | Name | Location | Date | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ambleside Roman Fort | 54°25′20″N2°58′08″W / 54.4223°N 2.9688°W | 1st century AD | The fort was first occupied around 90 AD with the construction of a timber and turf fort. A larger stone fort replaced the timber fort during the reign of Hadrian (117-138 AD) and was probably abandoned 138–161 AD. [4] | |
Appleby Castle | 54°34′27″N2°29′20″W / 54.57423°N 2.48878°W | Early 12th century | A well-preserved medieval castle with a large quantity of surviving earthwork defenses and standing structures. [5] | |
Arnside Tower | 54°11′03″N2°50′01″W / 54.1841°N 2.8335°W | 15th century | A late medieval tower house. Tower houses were common in the border regions of northern England and southern Scotland. Arnside tower is an excellent example of a Cumbrian peel tower. . [6] [7] | |
Birdoswald Roman Fort & Hadrian's Wall | 54°59′22″N2°36′08″W / 54.9894°N 2.6023°W | early 2nd century AD | The Birdoswald Roman fort and a section of Hadrian's Wall and vallum between the River Irthing and the field boundaries east of milecastle 50. [8] | |
Brough Castle | 54°31′18″N2°19′28″W / 54.5218°N 2.3244°W | 1092 | The monument includes Brough Castle and Brough Roman fort. The surviving castle remains are an excellent example of six centuries of continuous improvements. Substantial earthworks of the Roman fort is partially covered by the castle. [9] | |
Brougham Castle | 54°39′14″N2°43′09″W / 54.6540°N 2.7191°W | early 13th century | The castle's surviving remains include a great keep, a rare double gatehouse and a commanding southwest corner tower, known as the 'Tower of League'. [10] | |
Calder Abbey | 54°26′39″N3°27′58″W / 54.44417°N 3.46611°W | 1134 | Twelve monks from Furness Abbey, Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria, established the Savigniac abbey at Calder. The abbey became Cistercian in 1148. [11] | |
Carlisle Castle | 54°53′50″N2°56′31″W / 54.897260°N 2.941936°W | 1092 | The monument consists of the surviving remains of the castle's medieval tower keep castle, a section of Carlisle city wall, a 16th century battery, and the underground remains of much of the Roman fort known as Luguvalium. [12] | |
Castlerigg stone circle | 54°36′10″N3°05′54″W / 54.6028366°N 3.098384°W | 3200 BC to 2500 BC | An oval enclosure of 38 standing stones which contains a smaller enclosure and two barrows, and an outlying stone. [13] | |
Dalton Castle, Cumbria | 54°09′19″N3°11′11″W / 54.1554°N 3.1865°W | 14th century | The monument includes both the above ground and below ground remains of Dalton Castle, which was previously used as the manorial courthouse of Furness Abbey. It was used as a prison from the early 13th century to the late 18th century. [14] | |
Furness Abbey | 54°8′7″N3°11′52″W / 54.13528°N 3.19778°W | 1123 | The abbey was established by Stephen, King of England. The surviving remains consist of most of the east end and west tower of the church, the chapter house and the cloister buildings. [15] | |
Giant's Grave St Andrew's Church | 54°39′51″N2°45′04″W / 54.66428°N 2.75107°W | 12th century | The monument includes two Anglian cross shafts and four hogback stones, located in St Andrew's churchyard, Penrith. It also includes a pair of tenth century Anglian crosses. [16] | |
Giant's Grave, Cumbria | 54°13′06″N3°19′35″W / 54.21833°N 3.32633°W | Neolithic era | Two Neolithic standing stones located in a field on the coastal plain of west Cumbria, near Kirksanton village. [17] | |
Lanercost Priory | 54°57′58″N2°41′42″W / 54.9662°N 2.6949°W | late 12th century | Founded by Augustinian cannons. What remains of the priory are the ruins of the chancel and transepts, and the 13th-century nave which was converted into a parish church. [18] | |
Long Meg and Her Daughters | 54°43′41″N2°40′04″W / 54.72794°N 2.66765°W | Neolithic or Bronze Age era | A stone circle, a linear earthwork lying west of the stone circle, and a Neolithic enclosure to the north. [19] | |
Ravenglass Roman Bath House | 54°21′03″N3°24′15″W / 54.3507°N 3.4042°W | 2nd century AD | A ruined ancient Roman bath house located northeast to the Roman fort. [20] | |
Stott Park Bobbin Mill | 54°17′08″N2°57′57″W / 54.2855°N 2.9659°W | 1835 | A very large working mill which has produced millions of wooden bobbins essential to the Lancashire weaving and spinning industry. [21] | |
Brough, sometimes known as Brough under Stainmore, is a village and civil parish in the Westmorland and Furness unitary authority of Cumbria, England, on the western fringe of the Pennines near Stainmore. The village is on the A66 trans-Pennine road, and the Swindale Beck, and is about 8 miles (13 km) south east of Appleby-in-Westmorland. Brough is situated 5 miles (8.0 km) north east of Kirkby Stephen and 28 miles (45 km) north east of Kendal on the A685.
Brough Castle is a ruined castle in the village of Brough, Cumbria, England. The castle was built by William Rufus around 1092 within the old Roman fort of Verterae to protect a key route through the Pennine Mountains. The initial motte and bailey castle was attacked and destroyed by the Scots in 1174 during the Great Revolt against Henry II. Rebuilt after the war, a square keep was constructed and the rest of the castle converted to stone.
Brougham Castle is a medieval building about 2 miles (3.2 km) south-east of Penrith, Cumbria, England. The castle was founded by Robert I de Vieuxpont in the early 13th century. The site, near the confluence of the rivers Eamont and Lowther, had been chosen by the Romans for a Roman fort called Brocavum. The castle, along with the fort, is a scheduled monument: "Brougham Roman fort and Brougham Castle".
There are 37 scheduled monuments in Greater Manchester, a metropolitan county in North West England. In the United Kingdom, a scheduled monument is a "nationally important" archaeological site or historic building that has been given protection against unauthorised change by being placed on a list by the Secretary of State for Digital Culture, Media and Sport; Historic England recommends sites for scheduling to the Secretary of State. Scheduled monuments are defined in the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 and the National Heritage Act 1983. There are nearly 20,000 entries on the schedule, which is maintained by Historic England as part of the National Heritage List for England; more than one site can be included in a single entry. While a scheduled monument can also be recognised as a listed building, Historic England's aim is to set the most appropriate form of protection in place for the building or site. Applications to deschedule a site are administered Historic England, who will carry out an assessment and make a recommendation to the Secretary of State.
Verterae was a Roman fort in the modern-day village of Brough, Cumbria, England. Occupied between the 1st and 5th centuries AD, it protected a key Roman road in the north of England. In the 11th century, Brough Castle was built on part of the site by the Normans. Archaeologists explored the remains during the 20th century, and it is now protected under UK law.
Bath and North East Somerset is a unitary authority created on 1 April 1996, following the abolition of the County of Avon, which had existed since 1974. Part of the ceremonial county of Somerset, Bath and North East Somerset occupies an area of 220 square miles (570 km2), two-thirds of which is green belt. It stretches from the outskirts of Bristol, south into the Mendip Hills and east to the southern Cotswold Hills and Wiltshire border. The city of Bath is the principal settlement in the district, but BANES also covers Keynsham, Midsomer Norton, Radstock and the Chew Valley. The area has a population of 170,000, about half of whom live in Bath, making it 12 times more densely populated than the rest of the area.
Mendip is a local government district of Somerset in England. The Mendip district covers a largely rural area of 285 square miles (738 km2) ranging from the Mendip Hills through on to the Somerset Levels. It has a population of approximately 110,000. The administrative centre of the district is Shepton Mallet but the largest town is Frome.
There are over 670 scheduled monuments in the ceremonial county of Somerset in South West England. The county consists of a non-metropolitan county, administered by Somerset Council. The two administratively independent unitary authorities, which were established on 1 April 1996 following the breakup of the county of Avon, are North Somerset and Bath and North East Somerset. These unitary authorities include areas that were once part of Somerset before the creation of Avon in 1974.
This is a list of scheduled monuments in the English county of Lancashire.
This is a list of scheduled monuments in the Borough of Erewash in the English county of Derbyshire.
This is a list of scheduled monuments in the district of Amber Valley in the English county of Derbyshire.
This is a list of scheduled monuments in the district of High Peak in the English county of Derbyshire.
This is a list of scheduled monuments in the City of Derby unitary authority in the English county of Derbyshire.
There are more than 1000 scheduled monuments in the county of Dorset, in South West England. These protected sites date from the Neolithic period and include barrows, stone circles, hill figures, ancient Roman sites, castle ruins, and medieval abbbeys. In the United Kingdom, the scheduling of monuments was first initiated to ensure the preservation of "nationally important" archaeological sites or historic buildings. Protection is given to scheduled monuments under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979.
There are 735 scheduled monuments in the county of Hampshire, England. These protected sites date from the Neolithic period and include barrows, artillery forts, ruined abbeys, castles, and Iron Age hill forts. In the United Kingdom, the scheduling of monuments was first initiated to ensure the preservation of "nationally important" archaeological sites or historic buildings. Protection is given to scheduled monuments under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979.
There are 225 scheduled monuments in the county of Hertfordshire, England. These protected sites date from the Neolithic period and include barrows, ruined abbeys, castles, and Iron Age hill forts. In the United Kingdom, the scheduling of monuments was first initiated to ensure the preservation of "nationally important" archaeological sites or historic buildings. Protection is given to scheduled monuments under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979.
There are 221 scheduled monuments in the county of Northamptonshire, England. These protected sites date in some cases from the Neolithic period and include barrows, artillery forts, ruined abbeys, castles, and Iron Age hill forts. In the United Kingdom, the scheduling of monuments was first initiated to ensure the preservation of "nationally important" archaeological sites or historic buildings. Protection is given to scheduled monuments under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979.
There are 689 scheduled monuments in the county of Kent, England. These protected sites date in some cases from the Neolithic period, and include barrows, artillery forts, ruined abbeys, castles, and Iron Age hill forts. In the United Kingdom, the scheduling of monuments was first initiated to ensure the preservation of "nationally important" archaeological sites and historic buildings. Protection is given to scheduled monuments under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979.