10th Parliament of Kenya

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The 10th Parliament of Kenya saw the National Assembly opened on 15 January 2008. This following the Orange Democratic Movement (ODM) of Raila Odinga winning a majority in the 2007 parliamentary elections. Raila was a candidate in the presidential elections, which resulted in a controversial victory for Mwai Kibaki of the Party of National Unity. The opening of the parliament was fraught with jeers, cheers and brawls between the opposing parties; Mwai Kibaki was greeted by the ODM members with silence and boos, while Raila was greeted by PNU members with accusations of genocide.

Contents

The inauguration of the 10th Parliament's first session commenced on 6 March 2008, when Odinga was sworn in as provisional Prime Minister and the National Accord and Reconciliation Act 2008 was passed. ODM member Kenneth Marende was elected speaker, defeating PNU member Francis ole Kaparo 105–101 in the third round of balloting.

Timeline and bills passed

By-elections

Changes in the makeup of the 10th Parliament

PartyTotalVacant
ODM NARC
ODM-affiliated		 PNU PNU-affiliated
KANU
PNU-affiliated		 ODM-Kenya Unaffiliated
Begin99343211416112073
15 January 2008982064
29 January 2008972055
31 January 2008962046
11 March 2008102461518216
10 June 20081002148
17 June 2008103482193
7 October 2008105492220
18 March 2009202211
4 May 20091042202
1 September 20091062220
15 January 20101052211
25 February 2010482202
29 April 2010472193
14 May 2010462184
16 June 2010212193
20 July 2010472202
13 August 2010104142184
28 September 2010105232211
19 October 2010192220
24 November 2010222211
22 February 2011482220
24 February 2011472211
14 March 2011212202
31 May 2011222211
23 August 2011482220
1 September 2011102211
6 December 2011492220
20 July 2012104472193
20 September 2012105242220
Last voting share48.6%46.8%4.5%
PNU-affiliated: Sisi Kwa Sisi, Safina, NARC-Kenya, FORD-Kenya, Ford-People, New Ford-K, Mazingira Party, Ford-Asili, DP, TNA
Unaffiliated: PDP, PPK, NLP, KADDU, UDM, PICK, CCU, Kenda

Nation 31-12-2007(Source) [ permanent dead link ] Nation 09-01-2008

June 2008

Following the election, two ODM MPs—Mugabe Were [4] and David Kimutai Too [5] —were killed during the post-election crisis, which was the result of a dispute over the results of the presidential election. As a result, by-elections were needed in their constituencies. In addition, by-elections had to be held in two constituencies in the Rift Valley where results were never announced due to violence. Kenneth Marende was elected as Speaker of Parliament following the election, leaving his seat vacant and requiring another by-election to be held in his constituency. [6] The ODM was left with 96 seats at this point.

These five by-elections were held on 11 June 2008. [7] On 10 June, two ministers—Minister of Roads Kipkalya Kones and Assistant Minister of Home Affairs Lorna Laboso, both from ODM—were killed in a plane crash, leaving another two seats vacant [6] (and reducing ODM to 94 MPs).[ citation needed ] They had been going to the Rift Valley for the by-elections at the time of the accident. [6]

Three of the five by-elections were won by the ODM and two by the PNU. The ODM kept its seats in Emuhaya and Ainamoi constituencies; however, it lost the seat in Nairobi's Embakasi Constituency to the PNU. Counting allied parties and MPs, ODM now has 103 MPs and PNU 104 MPs. [7]

September 2008

By-elections were held in Bomet and Sotik constituencies on 25 September and were won by Beatrice Kones and Joyce Laboso respectively. Both seats were retained by ODM and were won by close relatives of their immediate predecessors, who died in an aviation accident in June: Beatrice Kones is the widow of Kipkalya Kones and Joyce Laboso is the sister of Lorna Laboso. [8]

August 2009

In May 2009, Parliament approved the formation of a new Electoral body, The Interim Independent Electoral Commission (IIEC), paving the way for by-elections in the constituencies of Shinyalu and Bomachoge, which were held on 27 August 2009. Shinyalu fell vacant when its sitting MP Charles Lugano of ODM died. ODM retained the seat, after Justus Kizito won it at the by-elections. The Bomachoge seat was vacated after the 2007 Elections at the constituency were nullified due to irregularities. The seat was won in 2007 by Joel Onyancha of Ford-People. At the 2007 by-elections Simon Ogari of ODM narrowly beat Onyancha, who was now representing PNU. [9] For the first time in Kenya, the ballot boxes were transparent. [10]

June 2010

In December 2009 the High court of Kenya declared the South Mugirango parliamentary seat vacant due to irregularities in the election process, although James Omingo Magara of ODM, who had won the election, was not found guilty of any rigging. [11] Subsequent South Mugirango by-election was held on 10 June 2010. Magara decamped to the little-known People's Democratic Party (PDP) after being not favoured by the ODM leader Raila Odinga. The by-election was won by Manson Nyamweya of Ford-People, who beat Magara and Ibrahim Ochoi of ODM. [12]

July 2010

As of 5 February 2010, the Matuga Constituency MP Chirau Ali Mwakwere (PNU) lost his cabinet and parliamentary seat. This was due to a petition filed by a voter, Mr Ayub Juma Mwakesi, who wanted the election of Mr Mwakwere nullified citing that the entire election process was marred by irregularities. The ruling that nullified Mr Mwakwere's election in the 2007 election was made by High Court Judge, Justice Mohamed Ibrahim. [13] A subsequent by-election was held on 12 July 2010. Mwakwere retained the seat by beating his closest rival, Hassan Mwanyoha of ODM [14]

September 2010

Three parliamentary by-elections were held on 20 September 2011. Margaret Wanjiru (ODM) retained her Starehe Constituency seat beating Maina Kamanda (PNU). The by-election was held after vote recount held in April 2010 indicated that the poll was actually won by Maina Kamanda.

William Kabogo Gitau (NARC-Kenya) won the Juja Constituency seat. Alice Wambui of Kenya National Congress was distant second, while the previous MP, George Thuo of PNU was left third. Theo had lost the seat due to irregularities at the 2007 election.

The Makadara Constituency seat was taken up by Gideon Mbuvi Kioko of NARC-Kenya followed by former MP Reuben Ndolo of ODM while Dick Wathika (PNU) was left third. Wathika was the previous MP, but had lost the seat due to irregularities at the 2007 election. [15] [16]

February 2011

John Ngata Kariuki of Ford-Asili lost his Kirinyaga Central Constituency seat after a court petition filed by the previous Kirinyaga Central MP Daniel Karaba (Narc-Kenya) on 22 October 2010. [17] Kariuki decided not to defend his seat at the subsequent by-election. [18] The by-election was held on 16 February 2011. The PNU candidate Joseph Gitari won the poll leaving Karaba to second place. [19]


See also

Constitutional Reforms in Kenya

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References

  1. ↑ Kagiri, Anthony (May 12, 2009). "Kenya boundaries review team appointed". Capital News. Archived from the original on 2009-05-30.
  2. ↑ "Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission Act (No. 9 of 2011)". Archived from the original on 2012-04-05. Retrieved 2011-10-13.
  3. ↑ "Ethics and Anti-Corruption Act (No. 22 of 2011". Archived from the original on 2012-04-05. Retrieved 2011-10-13.
  4. ↑ "Annan begs for calm in Kenya after lawmaker's killing" Archived March 7, 2008, at the Wayback Machine , CNN, 29 January 2008.
  5. ↑ Jeffrey Gettleman, "Second Lawmaker Is Killed as Kenya's Riots Intensify", The New York Times, 1 February 2008.
  6. 1 2 3 "Two Kenyan government ministers die", Sapa-AFP (IOL), 10 June 2008.
  7. 1 2 "ODM wins three Kenya by-elections", BBC News, 12 June 2008.
  8. ↑ The Standard, 26 September 2008: ODM wins in Bomet and Sotik Archived 2009-12-10 at the Wayback Machine
  9. ↑ ODM triumphs in Shinyalu, Bomachoge by-elections
  10. ↑ Daily Nation, 27 August 2009: Low turnout in by-elections
  11. ↑ Daily Nation, 17 December 2009: Magara loses South Mugirango seat
  12. ↑ Daily Nation, 11 June 2010: Nyamweya wins South Mugirango poll
  13. ↑ Mwakwere out of Parliament, Cabinet Daily Nation
  14. ↑ The Standard, 13 July 2010: Mwakwere re-elected Matuga MP Archived 2012-03-29 at the Wayback Machine
  15. ↑ Daily Nation, 20 September 2010: PNU trounced in Juja as ODM wins Starehe
  16. ↑ Daily Nation, 20 September 2010: Seats fell vacant after election petitions
  17. ↑ Daily Nation, 22 October 2010: Kenya MP loses seat in poll petition
  18. ↑ Daily Nation, 23 January 2011: Former MP ‘won’t defend the seat’
  19. ↑ Daily Nation, 16 February 2011: PNU’s Gitari wins Kirinyaga poll
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