1714 in science

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Last updated August 05, 2024

The year 1714 in science and technology involved some significant events.

Mathematics

March – Roger Cotes publishes Logometrica in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society . He provides the first proof of what becomes known as Euler's formula and constructs the logarithmic spiral.
May – Brook Taylor publishes a paper, written in 1708, in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society which describes his solution to the center of oscillation problem.^[1]
Gottfried Leibniz discusses the harmonic triangle.^[2]

Medicine

April 14 – Anne, Queen of Great Britain, performs the last touching for the "King's evil".^[3]
Dominique Anel uses the first fine-pointed syringe in surgery, later known as "Anel's syringe".
Herman Boerhaave introduces a modern system of clinical teaching at the University of Leiden.
The anatomical engravings of Bartolomeo Eustachi (died 1574) are published for the first time as Tabulae anatomicae by Giovanni Maria Lancisi.^[4]

Technology

Henry Mill obtains a British patent for a machine resembling a typewriter.

Events

July – The Parliament of Great Britain offers the Longitude prize to anyone who can solve the problem of accurately determining a ship's longitude.

Births

January 21 – Anna Morandi, Bolognese anatomist (died 1774)^[5]
January 6 – Percivall Pott, English surgeon (died 1788)
June 17 – César-François Cassini de Thury, French astronomer (died 1784)
September 6 – Robert Whytt, Scottish physician (died 1766)
October 16 – Giovanni Arduino, Italian geologist (died 1795)
October 25 – James Burnett, Lord Monboddo, Scottish philosopher and evolutionary thinker (died 1799)
December 19 – John Winthrop, American astronomer (died 1779)
December 31 – Arima Yoriyuki, Japanese mathematician (died 1783)
Alexander Wilson, Scottish surgeon, type founder, astronomer, meteorologist and mathematician (died 1786)

Deaths

October 5 – Kaibara Ekiken, Japanese philosopher and botanist (born 1630)
November 1 – John Radcliffe, English physician and benefactor (born 1650)
November 5 – Bernardino Ramazzini, Italian physician (born 1633)

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Nevil Maskelyne was the fifth British Astronomer Royal. He held the office from 1765 to 1811. He was the first person to scientifically measure the mass of the planet Earth. He created The Nautical Almanac, in full the British Nautical Almanac and Astronomical Ephemeris for the Meridian of the Royal Observatory at Greenwich using Tobias Mayer's corrections for Euler's Lunar Theory tables.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Charles Pravaz</span>

Charles Gabriel Pravaz a French orthopedic surgeon, pioneered the hypodermic syringe.

Anna Morandi Manzolini was an Italian anatomist, anatomical wax modeler, and lecturer of anatomical design at the University of Bologna. She became internationally known for the production of anatomical wax models based on anatomical dissections.

References

↑ Vol. 28: p. 40.
↑ Crilly, Tony (2007). 50 Mathematical Ideas you really need to know. London: Quercus. p. 53. ISBN 978-1-84724-008-8.
↑ Werrett, Simon (2000). "Healing the Nation's Wounds: Royal Ritual and Experimental Philosophy in Restoration England". History of Science. 38: 377–99. Bibcode:2000HisSc..38..377W.
↑ Firkin, B. G.; Whitworth, J. A. (1996). Dictionary of Medical Eponyms (2nd ed.). New York: Parthenon Publishing Group. p. 225. ISBN 1-85070-477-5.
↑ Messbarge, Rebecca (2019). The Lady Anatomist: The Life and Work of Anna Morandi Manzolini. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. p. 3. ISBN 978-0-22652-083-4.

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[1] Vol. 28: p. 40.

[2] Crilly, Tony (2007). 50 Mathematical Ideas you really need to know. London: Quercus. p. 53. ISBN 978-1-84724-008-8.

[3] Werrett, Simon (2000). "Healing the Nation's Wounds: Royal Ritual and Experimental Philosophy in Restoration England". History of Science. 38: 377–99. Bibcode:2000HisSc..38..377W.

[4] Firkin, B. G.; Whitworth, J. A. (1996). Dictionary of Medical Eponyms (2nd ed.). New York: Parthenon Publishing Group. p. 225. ISBN 1-85070-477-5.

[5] Messbarge, Rebecca (2019). The Lady Anatomist: The Life and Work of Anna Morandi Manzolini. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. p. 3. ISBN 978-0-22652-083-4.

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