1849 in architecture

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Last updated July 17, 2024

The year 1849 in architecture involved some significant events.

Buildings and structures

Buildings

March 1 – Ashby railway station, Leicestershire, England, probably designed by Robert Chaplin, opened.^[1]
May 1 – Stone railway station, Staffordshire, England, designed by H. A. Hunt, opened.
September 2 – Gare de l'Est railway station in Paris (France), designed by François Duquesnay, opened.
October 30 – London Coal Exchange opened.
December 1 – Gothenburg City Hall (Sweden), designed by Pehr Johan Ekman, opened.
Church of the Immaculate Conception, Farm Street, central London, designed by Joseph John Scoles, completed.
All Saints, Ennismore Gardens, south London, designed by Lewis Vulliamy, interior completed.
Boston Custom House (Massachusetts), designed by Ammi B. Young, completed.
Rich-Twinn Octagon House, Akron, New York, built.

Events

March – The Journal of Design and Manufactures is established by Henry Cole.
May – The Seven Lamps of Architecture by John Ruskin is published.

Awards

RIBA Royal Gold Medal – Luigi Canina.
Grand Prix de Rome, architecture – Denis Lebouteux.

Births

January 9 – Gaetano Koch, Italian architect (died 1910)
February 22 – Carl Holzmann, Austrian architect (died 1914)
May 22 – Aston Webb, English architect (died 1930)
August 29 – John Sulman, English-born Australian architect (died 1934)
c. December – Henry Tanner, English public building architect (died 1935)^[2]

Deaths

April 18 – Carlo Rossi, Neapolitan-born architect working in Saint Petersburg (born 1775)
September – Daniel Robertson, American-born architect and garden designer working in Oxford and Ireland (born c. 1770)
Robert Cary Long, Jr., American architect working in Baltimore (born 1810)
John Pinch the younger, English architect working in Bath (born 1796)

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The architecture of Scotland includes all human building within the modern borders of Scotland, from the Neolithic era to the present day. The earliest surviving houses go back around 9500 years, and the first villages 6000 years: Skara Brae on the Mainland of Orkney being the earliest preserved example in Europe. Crannogs, roundhouses, each built on an artificial island, date from the Bronze Age and stone buildings called Atlantic roundhouses and larger earthwork hill forts from the Iron Age. The arrival of the Romans from about 71 AD led to the creation of forts like that at Trimontium, and a continuous fortification between the Firth of Forth and the Firth of Clyde known as the Antonine Wall, built in the second century AD. Beyond Roman influence, there is evidence of wheelhouses and underground souterrains. After the departure of the Romans there were a series of nucleated hill forts, often utilising major geographical features, as at Dunadd and Dunbarton.

Sir Henry Tanner (1849–1935) was a prominent British architect during the late 19th and early 20th century, working for HM Office of Works.

References

↑ Biddle, Gordon (2003). Britain's Historic Railway Buildings: an Oxford Gazetteer of Structures and Sites. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-866247-5.
↑ Port, M. H. (January 2008) [2004]. "Tanner, Sir Henry (1849–1935)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/63423.(Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

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[1] Biddle, Gordon (2003). Britain's Historic Railway Buildings: an Oxford Gazetteer of Structures and Sites. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-866247-5.

[2] Port, M. H. (January 2008) [2004]. "Tanner, Sir Henry (1849–1935)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/63423.(Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

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