1948 Alberta general election

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1948 Alberta general election
Canadian Red Ensign 1921-1957.svg
  1944 August 17, 1948 (1948-08-17) 1952  

57 seats in the Legislative Assembly of Alberta
29 seats were needed for a majority
 Majority partyMinority partyThird party
  Ernest Manning.jpg Elmer E Roper.jpg
LIB
Leader Ernest Manning Elmer E. Roper James H. Prowse
Party Social Credit Co-operative Commonwealth Liberal
Leader sinceMay 31, 19431942June 26, 1947
Leader's seat Edmonton Edmonton Edmonton
Last election51 seats, 50.5%2 seats, 24.2%did not run
Seats before5021
Seats won5122
Seat changeIncrease2.svg1±0Increase2.svg1
Popular vote164,00356,38752,655
Percentage55.6%19.1%17.9%
SwingIncrease2.svg5.1%Decrease2.svg5.1%

Premier before election

Ernest Manning
Social Credit

Premier after election

Ernest Manning
Social Credit

The 1948 Alberta general election was held on August 17, 1948, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta.

Contents

Ernest C. Manning led the Social Credit to a fourth term in government, increasing its share of the popular vote further above the 50% mark it had set in the 1944 election. It won the same number of seats 51 of the 57 seats in the legislature that it had won in the previous election.

The remaining seats were won by the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation, the Liberal Party and independents.

This provincial election, like the previous five, saw district-level proportional representation (Single transferable voting) used to elect the MLAs of Edmonton and Calgary. City-wide districts were used to elect multiple MLAs in the cities. All the other MLAs were elected in single-member districts through Instant-runoff voting.

Along with this election, voters got to also vote in a province wide plebiscite. The ballot asked voters about utility regulation.


Results

Elections to the 11th Alberta Legislative Assembly (1948)
PartyLeaderCandidatesFirst-preference votesSeats
Votes± % FpvChange (pp) 1944 1948±
Social Credit Ernest C. Manning 57164,00317,636Increase2.svg55.635.175.17
 
51
51 / 57
Steady2.svg
Co-operative Commonwealth Elmer Roper 5156,38713,920Decrease2.svg19.13-5.11
 
2
2 / 57
Steady2.svg
Liberal James H. Prowse 4952,65552,655Increase2.svg17.8617.8617.86
 
2 / 57
2Increase2.svg
  Independent Citizen's Association [a 1] John P. Page 912,98334,256Decrease2.svg4.40-11.88
 
3
1 / 57
2Decrease2.svg
Independent Social Credit32,9582,958Increase2.svg1.001.001
 
1 / 57
1Increase2.svg
Veteran's & Active Force Did not campaign-1.22
 
1
0 / 57
1Decrease2.svg
Labour 13,5793,579Increase2.svg1.211.211.21
 
Labor–Progressive Ben Swankey 21,37210,631Decrease2.svg0.47-3.67
 
  United Labour 1856932Decrease2.svg0.30-0.32
 
Total173294,793100.00%
Rejected ballots17,7079,625Increase2.svg
Turnout312,50014,327Increase2.svg63.5%7.2Decrease2.svg
Registered voters489,31167,810Increase2.svg
  1. Formerly known as the Independent Movement or the Citizens' Slate


Electrification plebiscite

The fourth plebiscite conducted province-wide in Alberta's history, the 1948 electrification referendum was not a traditional yes–no question but presented two options on electricity generation and transmission. It asked the voter to indicate whether the province should create "a publicly-owned utility administered by the Alberta Government Power Commission" [1] or leave the electricity industry in the hands of companies already in the business, a mixture of municipal operations and private companies. The driving force behind the referendum was whether to provide rural electrification through provincial government ownership or leave it in the hands of private corporations, who had done very little up to that time and did not have the financial resources to perform the task. [2] The referendum result was a slight majority in favour of retention of the existing companies. Despite that, the government sponsored the creation of many Rural Electrification Associations, some of which still are in operation today. [3] [4]

The result shows how evenly divided the province was on the issue, with a majority of only 151 votes in favour of leaving the old system in place. In fact, voters in Edmonton were effectively split and the rural areas were in favour of provincial control, but an even larger majority in Calgary voted to retain the old system. [5]

Option AOption B
Are you in favour of the generation and distribution of electricity being continued by the Power Companies?Are you in favour of the generation and distribution of electricity being made a publicly owned utility administered by the Alberta Government Power Commission?


Results by district 1948 Alberta electricity plebiscite [6]
DistrictIn favour of
Status quoPublic utility
Acadia-Coronation 1,57838.81%2,48761.19%
Alexandra 1,35037.00%2,29863.00%
Athabasca 1,26229.08%3,07770.92%
Banff-Cochrane 2,62464.31%1,45635.69%
Beaver River 2,77065.85%1,43634.15%
Bow Valley-Empress 1,73747.02%1,95752.98%
Bruce 1,42338.01%2,32061.99%
Calgary 26,32569.63%11,47830.37%
Camrose 2,16442.79%2,89357.21%
Cardston 1,26846.00%1,48854.00%
Clover Bar 1,72238.26%2,77861.74%
Cypress 1,27947.49%1,41452.51%
Didsbury 2,36060.00%1,57340.00%
Drumheller 1,86247.58%2,05152.42%
Edmonton 22,35150.99%21,47849.01%
Edson 1,62333.86%3,17066.14%
Gleichen 2,00756.04%1,57443.96%
Grande Prairie 2,29349.55%2,33450.45%
Grouard 1,67332.21%3,52067.79%
Hand Hills 1,75944.95%2,15455.05%
Lac Ste. Anne 1,24228.86%3,06171.14%
Lacombe 1,99443.32%2,60856.68%
Leduc 1,89944.02%2,41455.98%
Lethbridge 4,23764.90%2,29135.10%
Little Bow 1,65352.14%1,51747.86%
Macleod 2,17953.74%1,87546.26%
Medicine Hat 5,18681.03%1,21418.97%
Okotoks-High River 3,32161.16%2,10938.84%
Olds 2,39858.60%1,69441.40%
Peace River 1,91442.90%2,54757.10%
Pembina 1,71034.29%3,27665.71%
Pincher Creek-Crowsnest 1,83844.59%2,28455.41%
Ponoka 1,62241.69%2,26858.31%
Red Deer 2,96352.79%2,64947.21%
Redwater 80422.66%2,74377.31%
Rocky Mountain House 2,21045.63%2,63354.37%
St. Albert 1,89755.16%2,33344.84%
St. Paul 1,94541.50%2,74158.50%
Sedgewick 1,96248.17%2,11151.83%
Spirit River 1,14731.91%2,44768.09%
Stettler 2,19053.91%1,87246.09%
Stony Plain 1,36035.88%2,43064.12%
Taber 1,48546.46%1,71153.54%
Vegreville 1,22532.08%2,59367.92%
Vermilion 1,73243.12%2,28456.88%
Wainwright 1,81341.00%2,60859.00%
Warner 1,26551.33%1,19948.67%
Wetaskiwin 2,30146.23%2,67653.77%
Willingdon 1,06928.24%2,71671.76%
Totals139,99150.03%139,84049.47%

MLAs elected

    Synopsis of results

    Results by riding 1948 Alberta general election (all except Calgary, Edmonton and servicemember MLAs) [7]
    RidingFirst-preference votesTurnout
    [a 1]
    Final countsWinning party
    NameSCCCFLibICAOthTotalSCCCFLibICAI-SC 1944 1948
     
    Acadia-Coronation 2,3326411,2544,22778.5%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Alexandra 2,0341,1906513,87557.7%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Athabasca 2,3741,2269584,55859.0%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Banff-Cochrane 1,0841,2461,6583,98858.2%1,4651,964SCI-SC
    Beaver River 1,9921,2821,5794,85368.9%2,1171,698SCSC
    Bow Valley-Empress 2,1786831,0633,92468.9%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Bruce 2,2481,0806153,94364.0%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Camrose 3,0411,3151,0035,35971.2%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Cardston 1,9819442,92560.00%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Clover Bar 2,8011,0357614,59770.1%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Cypress 1,7234108442,97769.2%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Didsbury 2,6474179353,99964.5%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Drumheller 2,9822718564,10976.4%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Edson 2,5431,7157705,02865.4%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Gleichen 2,3541,3033,65765.4%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Grande Prairie 2,9521,0197684,73968.4%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Grouard 2,4931,2491,8505,59275.7%2,7171,917SCSC
    Hand Hills 2,7731,6074,38078.9%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Lac Ste. Anne 1,8991,5581,023394,51969.7%2,4011,742SCSC
    Lacombe 3,0531,1096434,80570.8%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Leduc 2,5481,0717724,39161.2%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Lethbridge 3,8291,4411,7687,03865.0%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Little Bow 1,8654351,0863,38675.1%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Macleod 2,8527566124,22067.8%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Medicine Hat 3,8359961,0435,87464.0%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Okotoks-High River 3,8764901,2195,58562.5%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Olds 3,2604246904,37466.8%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Peace River 3,1911,0878295,10761.3%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Pembina 3,1651,4626845,31172.8%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Pincher Creek-Crowsnest 2,2108159988564,87972.0%2,2921,045SCSC
    Ponoka 2,6791,0235194,22169.6%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Red Deer 4,7711,0825,85366.0%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Redwater 1,8071,5284413,77666.9%1,9121,572SCSC
    Rocky Mountain House 3,5821,3654,94763.4%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    St. Albert 2,7021,0477744,52367.9%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    St. Paul 2,1971,5101,4165,12373.3%2,9801,584SCSC
    Sedgewick 2,8675678384,27271.6%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Spirit River 2,1551,1946313,98068.9%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Stettler 3,2499534,20167.8%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Stony Plain 2,1881,0378724,09768.9%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Taber 2,5595014633,52362.6%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Vegreville 2,1011,2767634,14070.1%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Vermilion 1,9991,1581,1794,33671.9%2,1961,323SCSC
    Wainwright 2,8778878334,59770.4%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Warner 1,6915982,28953.6%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Wetaskiwin 2,8271,2321,4145,47375.8%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    Willingdon 2,1111,8613,97272.6%Elected on 1st countSCSC
    1. including spoilt ballots
      = Open seat
      = turnout is above provincial average
      = Candidate was in previous Legislature
      = Incumbent had switched allegiance
      = Previously incumbent in another riding
      = Not incumbent; was previously elected to the Legislature
      = Incumbency arose from by-election gain
      = previously an MP in the House of Commons of Canada
      = Multiple candidates

    Multi-member districts

      = Candidate was in previous Legislature
      = First-time MLA

    STV analysis

    Exhausted votes

    Ten districts went beyond first-preference counts in order to determine winning candidates:

    Exhausted votes (1948)
    DistrictCountsExhausted
    1st preferenceFinalVotes% of 1st pref
    Calgary 39,30936,2383,0715.725.72
     
    Edmonton 46,15044,2561,8944.104.1
     
    Banff-Cochrane 3,9883,42955914.0214.02
     
    Beaver River 4,8533,8151,03821.3921.39
     
    Grouard 5,5924,63495817.1317.13
     
    Lac Ste. Anne 4,5194,1433768.328.32
     
    Pincher Creek-Crowsnest 4,8793,3371,54231.6031.6
     
    Redwater 3,7763,4842927.737.73
     
    St. Paul 5,1234,56455910.9110.91
     
    Vermilion 4,3363,51981718.8418.84
     

    Calgary

    All parties other than the Independent Movement fielded full slates.

    PartyCandidatesMLAs elected
    19441940±19441940±
    Social Credit 55Steady2.svg22Steady2.svg
    Co-operative Commonwealth 55Steady2.svg11Steady2.svg
    Liberal 55Increase2.svg11Increase2.svg
      Independent Citizen's Association 341Decrease2.svg121Decrease2.svg
    Labor–Progressive 154Decrease2.svg
    Labour 11Increase2.svg
    Independent Social Credit22Increase2.svg
    Total22193Increase2.svg55Steady2.svg
    Calgary (1948 Alberta general election) (five members elected, candidates ranked in order of 1st preference) [8] [9]
    PartyCandidateFPv%Count
    12345678910111213141516171819
    Social Credit Rose Wilkinson 18.29%7,153
    Social Credit Frederick C. Colborne 10.03%3,9234,196 4,200 4,205 4,209 4,291 4,299 4,313 4,499 4,562 4,580 4,696 4,805 5,809 5,883 6,764
    Independent Citizen's Association Howard B. Macdonald 9.82%3,8403,847 3,849 3,849 3,854 3,884 4,155 4,162 4,190 4,238 4,245 4,300 5,195 5,205 5,464 5,490 5,985 5,988 6,339
    Labour Peter Morrison9.15%3,5793,596 3,596 3,613 3,664 3,700 3,719 3,744 3,789 3,835 3,880 3,908 3,959 3,982 4,031 4,083 4,160 4,168
    Co-operative Commonwealth Aylmer Liesemer 6.33%2,4752,479 2,568 2,726 2,925 2,944 2,954 3,339 3,355 3,368 4,214 4,227 4,258 4,270 4,327 4,343 4,416 4,417 5,742
    Social Credit James Leslie Hill6.30%2,4642,535 2,537 2,540 2,543 2,671 2,677 2,689 2,809 2,831 2,842 2,856 2,886 3,087 3,128 4,265 4,351 4,580 5,535
    Liberal Hugh John MacDonald 5.06%1,9771,981 1,982 1,982 1,986 2,000 2,034 2,037 2,051 2,237 2,240 2,824 2,892 2,901 3,951 3,972 5,876 5,879 6,215
    Social Credit R.B. Estabrook4.48%1,7511,830 1,830 1,831 1,835 1,885 1,891 1,909 1,991 2,004 2,011 2,013 2,041 2,241 2,289
    Liberal J. Roger Flumerfelt4.32%1,6911,696 1,702 1,704 1,710 1,717 1,728 1,737 1,750 1,874 1,889 2,145 2,223 2,226
    Liberal Mary Dover4.10%1,6021,610 1,613 1,615 1,616 1,621 1,688 1,692 1,704 1,929 1,936 2,225 2,307 2,320 2,866 2,885
    Liberal Michael J. McCormick3.16%1,2371,242 1,244 1,244 1,246 1,251 1,258 1,261 1,272 1,429 1,432
    Independent Citizen's Association M.V. Anderson3.15%1,2331,242 1,242 1,246 1,250 1,272 1,385 1,390 1,412 1,444 1,448 1,461
    Social Credit George M. Whicher2.79%1,0911,203 1,203 1,207 1,207 1,245 1,253 1,257 1,479 1,510 1,512 1,522 1,537
    Liberal Loftus Dudley Ward 2.42%948951 951 955 957 966 974 977 994
    Independent Social CreditA.P. Van Buren1.89%738754 757 765 766 849 857 858
    Independent Citizen's Association Edwina Milvain1.48%578580 586 587 589 598
    Independent Social CreditArt Larsen1.44%563572 575 577 582
    Co-operative Commonwealth George Ellinson1.38%539539 596 655 718 721 723
    Co-operative Commonwealth George R. Austin1.32%518519 542 724 863 871 872 1,058 1,066 1,078
    Labor–Progressive Terry Levis1.32%516516 518 521
    Co-operative Commonwealth W. Orr1.13%442442 469
    Co-operative Commonwealth Mary A. Hart0.62%243243
    Exhausted ballots11 24 38 64 98 117 161 223 245 355 407 481 543 645 782 1,032 1,035 2,236
    Electorate: 76,939  Valid: 39,101  Spoilt: 2,359  Quota: 6,517  Turnout: 41,460 (53.9%)  
      Calgary (1948 Alberta general election)
      (analysis of transferred votes, candidates ranked in order of 1st preference)
      PartyCandidateMaximum
      round
      Maximum
      votes
      Share in
      maximum
      round
      Maximum votes
      First round votesTransfer votes
      Social Credit Rose Wilkinson 17,15318.29%
      Social Credit Frederick C. Colborne 166,76417.65%
      ICA Howard B. Macdonald 196,33917.20%
      Independent Labour Peter Morrison184,16810.95%
      CCF Aylmer Liesemer 195,74215.58%
      Social Credit James Leslie Hill195,53515.01%
      Liberal Hugh John MacDonald 196,21516.86%
      Social Credit R.B. Estabrook152,2895.95%
      Liberal J. Roger Flumerfelt142,2265.77%
      Liberal Mary Dover162,8857.53%
      Liberal Michael J. McCormick111,4323.70%
      ICA M.V. Anderson121,4613.78%
      Social Credit George M. Whicher131,5373.98%
      Liberal Loftus Dudley Ward 99942.56%
      Independent Social CreditA.P. Van Buren88582.20%
      ICA Edwina Milvain65981.53%
      Independent Social CreditArt Larsen55821.49%
      CCF George Ellinson77231.85%
      CCF George R. Austin101,0782.77%
      LPP Terry Levis45211.33%
      CCF W. Orr34691.20%
      CCF Mary A. Hart22430.62%
      Exhausted votes2,2365.72%


      Edmonton

      Three parties had full slates. The Independent Movement presented four candidates, and Williams campaigned under his own banner.

      PartyCandidatesMLAs elected
      19441940±19441940±
      Social Credit 55Steady2.svg321Increase2.svg
      Co-operative Commonwealth 55Steady2.svg11Steady2.svg
      Liberal 55Increase2.svg11Increase2.svg
        Independent Citizen's Association 143Decrease2.svg11Decrease2.svg
      Veteran's & Active Force 11Decrease2.svg11Decrease2.svg
      Labor–Progressive 55Decrease2.svg
      Total16204Decrease2.svg55Steady2.svg
      Edmonton (1948 Alberta general election) (five members elected, candidates ranked in order of 1st preference) [10]
      PartyCandidateFPv%Count
      1234567891011121314
      Social Credit Ernest Manning 47.70%22,014
      Co-operative Commonwealth Elmer Roper 14.11%6,5116,712 6,721 6,876 7,102 7,125 7,511 7,536 7,543 8,869
      Liberal James Harper Prowse 13.66%6,3037,124 7,191 7,192 7,199 7,516 7,534 8,167
      Independent Citizen's Association John Percy Page 5.90%2,7233,913 3,917 3,925 3,941 4,068 4,105 4,148 4,190 4,226 4,306 4,353 4,725 4,883
      Liberal Peter Lazarowich2.67%1,2341,371 1,390 1,395 1,399 1,518 1,529 1,702 2,083 2,115 2,142 2,167
      Co-operative Commonwealth Jack Hampson2.27%1,0461,065 1,066 1,167 1,245 1,250 1,544 1,562 1,567
      Social Credit Clayton Adams 2.05%9464,881 4,894 4,895 4,914 4,938 4,958 5,026 5,037 5,047 5,071 5,769 5,938 7,559
      Liberal Mary Scullion2.04%9421,039 1,060 1,060 1,060 1,122 1,133
      Social Credit Lou Heard 1.93%8904,778 4,785 4,792 4,797 4,818 4,828 4,864 4,875 4,891 4,910 5,271 5,479 7,746
      Social Credit John Gillies1.67%7723,198 3,203 3,203 3,209 3,246 3,258 3,304 3,317 3,343 3,357 4,110 4,274
      Co-operative Commonwealth Mary Crawford1.34%618652 657 697 859 866
      Liberal Francis Ford1.22%565728 770 780 786
      Social Credit Walter Crockett1.13%5231,870 1,874 1,879 1,883 1,905 1,928 1,948 1,953 1,968 1,989
      Co-operative Commonwealth Arthur Thornton1.08%498522 526 561
      Co-operative Commonwealth Joseph Dowler0.80%370381 385
      Liberal William Brownlee0.42%195224
      Exhausted ballots0 19 36 64 86 130 201 201 307 307 412 1,666 1,894
      Electorate: 84,391  Valid: 46,150  Spoilt: 1,126  Quota: 7,692  Turnout: 47,276 (56.0%)  
        Edmonton (1944 Alberta general election)
        (analysis of transferred votes, candidates ranked in order of 1st preference)
        PartyCandidateMaximum
        round
        Maximum
        votes
        Share in
        maximum
        round
        Maximum votes
        First round votesTransfer votes
        Social Credit Ernest Manning 122,01447.70%
        CCF Elmer Roper 108,86919.35%
        Liberal James Harper Prowse 88,16717.77%
        ICA John Percy Page 144,88311.03%
        Liberal Peter Lazarowich122,1674.74%
        CCF Jack Hampson91,5673.41%
        Social Credit Clayton Adams 147,55917.08%
        Liberal Mary Scullion71,1332.46%
        Social Credit Lou Heard 147,74617.50%
        Social Credit John Gillies134,2749.61%
        CCF Mary Crawford68661.88%
        Liberal Francis Ford57861.71%
        Social Credit Walter Crockett111,9894.34%
        CCF Arthur Thornton45611.22%
        CCF Joseph Dowler33850.83%
        Liberal William Brownlee22240.49%
        Exhausted votes1,8944.10%

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        Redwater was a provincial electoral district in Alberta mandated to return a single member to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta from 1940 to 1971 and again from 1993 to 2004.

        Spirit River was a provincial electoral district in Alberta, Canada mandated to return a single member to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta from 1940 to 1971.

        Grouard was a provincial electoral district in Alberta mandated to return a single member to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta from 1913 to 1971.

        Lac La Biche was a provincial electoral district in Alberta mandated to return a single member to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta from 1952 to 1971.

        References

        1. A Report on Alberta Elections, p. 185
        2. The People's Weekly, August 14, Sept. 4, 1948
        3. "Alberta Power Market" website, accessed May 16, 2020
        4. https://afrea.ab.ca/
        5. "Private Hydro Control Swung By City Votes". Calgary Albertan . August 20, 1948. p. 3.
        6. A Century of Democracy: Elections of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta, 1905-2005. Edmonton: Legislative Assembly of Alberta. pp. 484–485. ISBN   0-9689217-9-5.
        7. A Century of Democracy: Elections of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta, 1905-2005. Edmonton: Legislative Assembly of Alberta. pp. 166–178. ISBN   0-9689217-9-5.
        8. "2 Social Credit Elected Here". Calgary Herald . August 18, 1948. pp. 1, 10.
        9. "Private Power Vote 109,330". Calgary Herald . August 19, 1948. pp. 1, 2.
        10. "Here's How Votes Were Distributed To Elect Five Alberta MLAs Here". Edmonton Bulletin . August 19, 1948. p. 7.