1971 Alberta general election

1971 Alberta general election

←  1967 August 30, 1971 (1971-08-30) 1975  →
←  outgoing members members  →
75 seats in the Legislative Assembly of Alberta 38 seats were needed for a majority
Majority party Minority party Third party   Leader Peter Lougheed Harry Strom Grant Notley Party Progressive Conservative Social Credit New Democratic Leader since 1965 December 12, 1968 1968 Leader's seat Calgary-West Cypress ran in Spirit River-Fairview (won) Last election 6 seats, 26.0% 55 seats, 44.6% 0 seats, 16.0% Seats before 10 55 0 Seats won 49 25 1 Seat change 39 30 1 Popular vote 296,934 262,953 73,038 Percentage 46.4% 41.1% 11.4% Swing 20.4% 3.5% 4.6%
Popular vote by riding. As this is a first-past-the-post election, seat totals are not determined by total popular vote, but instead by results in each riding.
Premier before election Harry Strom Social Credit Premier after election Peter Lougheed Progressive Conservative

The 1971 Alberta general election was the seventeenth general election held in the Province of Alberta, Canada on August 30, 1971, to elect seventy-five members of the Alberta Legislature to form the 17th Alberta Legislative Assembly.

The Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta led by Peter Lougheed won 49 of 75 seats with 46.4 per cent of the popular vote in the new legislature to form a majority government. Lougheed's Progressive Conservatives defeated the incumbent Social Credit Party led by Premier Harry Strom who won 25 seats with 41.1 per cent of the popular vote.

The 1971 election ushered in the Progressive Conservative dynasty in Alberta, which continuously held a majority government for 44 years from 1971 to 2015. The election also marked the end of the Social Credit dynasty which had continuously held a majority government for 36 years from 1935 to 1971.

Background

1967 Alberta general election

Main article: 1967 Alberta general election

In the May 1967 election, Progressive Conservative leader Peter Lougheed and his supporters worked to convince candidates to run in all 65 constituencies; however, the Progressive Conservatives were only able to nominate 47 candidates. ^[1] This was two more than the Liberal Party which had 45, but less than the full slates put forward by the Social Credit Party and the New Democratic Party. ^[2]

Lougheed was subsequently elected to the legislature in Calgary-West garnering 62 per cent of the vote, and the Progressive Conservatives captured 26 per cent of the vote province-wide with five other successful candidates. ^[3] With six elected MLAs, Lougheed became Leader of the Opposition. The group of elected Conservatives known as the "original six" included Calgary MLAs Len Werry and David Russell, Edmonton area MLAs Lou Hyndman and Don Getty, and the party's only rural candidate and former federal Member of Parliament Hugh Horner. ^[4] The Edmonton Journal remarked positively on Lougheed's success following the 1967 election, stating Albertans had a responsible and credible alternative as opposition. ^[4]

Lead up to 1971

Ernest C. Manning had resigned as Social Credit leader and premier in 1968 after 25 years in office, a year after leading the Socreds to their ninth consecutive majority government. His successor, Harry E. Strom, had been unable to revive a government increasingly seen as tired, complacent and old-fashioned. The Socreds had been in government for almost two generations, having won their first victory more than a decade before the discovery of Leduc No. 1, which led to a massive oil boom in Alberta.

Though the legislature's mandate from the 1967 election was not due to expire until May 1972, five years after it started, convention in Canadian politics is for legislatures to be dissolved every four years or less. ^[5] Accordingly, Strom resolved to call an election in 1971, sometime between May and September. ^[5] He briefly considered a spring campaign, in the hopes that the planting season would have farmers feeling optimistic and therefore inclined to support the incumbent government. However, after concluding that farmers would not react well to going to the polls in the middle of planting or harvest season, Strom finally settled on August 30. ^{[5] [6]}

The Progressive Conservatives, on the other hand, had significant momentum going into the 1971 election. Lougheed's Progressive Conservative caucus further grew from the "Original Six" with the election of Robert Dowling in the October 1969 Edson by-election, ^[7] Bill Dickie, a long-time friend of Lougheed, crossing the floor from the Liberals to join his caucus in November 1969, ^[7] and Banff-Cochrane independent representative Clarence Copithorne joining the party in April 1971. This growth saw the popular Lougheed-led Progressive Conservatives enter the August 1971 election with 10 incumbents. ^[8]

Campaign

Social Credit campaign

A campaign committee was assembled, and recommended a budget of $580,000. ^[9] The party recruited star candidates, including Calgary alderman George Ho Lem and former Calgary Stampeder star Don Luzzi (Edmonton alderman and future mayor Cec Purves was defeated in his bid to win the Social Credit nomination in Edmonton-Strathcona from Strathcona Centre incumbent Joseph Donovan Ross), but was handicapped in these efforts by Strom's unwillingness to offer cabinet posts or other incentives to potential new candidates. ^{[5] [9]} Strom's lack of personal charisma was also a liability: tellingly, of the large budget recommended by the central committee, only $72,000 was recommended for use on television advertising, where Strom did not shine. ^[9] The party tried to revitalize the Premier's image through publicity movies, though efforts were mixed. ^[5] In one, which was pulled after a single showing, Strom appeared scowling in his living room, urging Albertans to lower their expectations of government. ^[5] Another, produced by Tommy Banks and showing Strom in a variety of settings talking about the province's changing face, was more successful. ^[9]

The campaign did not give Social Credit partisans much reason for optimism. Strom did not draw the crowds that Progressive Conservative opposition leader Peter Lougheed did, although an August 25 rally in Edmonton's Jubilee Auditorium featuring speeches by Strom and Manning was full. ^[10] After criticizing the Conservatives' medicare platform, which promised free medicare to Albertans older than 65, as spendthrift, Strom announced Social Credit's barely cheaper alternative: medicare to Albertans older than 65 for one dollar per month. ^[6] The Edmonton Journal , which had earlier published a poll showing that a plurality of Edmontonians intended to vote Progressive Conservative, endorsed Lougheed for Premier. ^[10]

Progressive Conservative campaign

The Progressive Conservative Party had been preparing for an election to be called since mid-1970. ^[11] The party developed slogans and branding which was one of the first instances in Alberta where political printing and branding was centrally controlled, with individual constituencies unable to develop their own materials. This centralization was intended to reinforce the party's key messages and ensure repetition in the eyes of voters. ^[12] An advertising budget of $120,000 was set to provide $80,000 for television advertisements and the rest of other materials for constituencies across the province. ^[13] Lougheed's focus on television contrasted Social Credit's use of radio for the less gregarious Strom. ^[14] Lougheed's team was careful with messaging, stressing the idea of the Progressive Conservative providing an "alternative" rather than "opposition". ^[15] Lougheed developed a 40-day schedule that brought him to each constituency to "meet and greet" with potential voters. ^{[16] [15]}

Election

The 16th Legislature was prorogued on April 27, 1971, and dissolved three months later on July 22 with an election day set on August 30, 1971.

Electoral boundaries

A number of electoral districts were redistributed following 1970 amendments to The Elections Act, ^[17] which were informed by the 1968 Report of the Alberta Committee on Redistribution Procedure written by the Special Committee on Redistribution chaired by Social Credit member Frederick C. Colborne. ^[18] The number of members elected to the legislature was increased from 65 to 75,

Voting and eligibility

Amendments to the Age of Majority Act lowered the voting age from 21 to 18 years. ^[15]

Aftermath

The collapse of the other opposition parties made the Progressive Conservatives the only credible challenger to the Social Credit. The Progressive Conservatives took 46 per cent of the popular vote and won 49 of the 75 seats in the legislature, enough for a strong majority government. This would be the first of twelve consecutive victories for the PCs; they would remain in government without interruption until their defeat in 2015, making them the longest serving political dynasty in Canadian history. ^[19] The 1971 election is considered a classic example of a political realignment.

Social Credit garnered a record number of votes in this election compared to previous elections, which had been plagued by low turn-outs. However, the Progressive Conservatives converted this slim lead into a large lead in seats due to their success in the province's two largest cities: Edmonton, where the Progressive Conservatives won every seat, and Calgary, where they took all but five.

While many of the Social Credit losses came by small margins, those losses were enough to cost the party almost half of its caucus. Strom resigned as Social Credit leader a few months after the defeat. Election night saw Social Credit defeated, taking 25 seats to the Progressive Conservative's 49. ^[20] Though Social Credit's share of the vote had only slipped slightly, losing five points, Lougheed benefited from a substantial reduction in the New Democrats' vote and a near-collapse of the Liberals'. ^[20] The party was also decimated in the province's two largest cities, losing all of its seats in Edmonton and all but five in Calgary. Strom conceded defeat in Edmonton and returned home to Medicine Hat. ^[20] The defeat sent Social Credit into headlong decline. Its membership in the Assembly shrank over the next ten years and disappeared altogether by 1982.

The Liberal Party was shut out of the legislature. One Liberal, Bill Dickie, had crossed the floor to the PCs. Another, William Switzer, died in 1969. The remaining Liberal, Michael Maccagno, resigned to run, unsuccessfully as it turned out, for the federal Parliament.

Alberta New Democratic Party leader Grant Notley was the only one in his party to win election. He sat as the only New Democrat in the legislature until 1982. His daughter Rachel would lead the NDP to victory over the Progressive Conservatives in 2015, ending its 44 years in office.

Results

Party		Party leader	# of candidates	Seats				Popular vote
				1967	Dissol.	Elected	+/-	#	%	% Change
	Progressive Conservative	Peter Lougheed	75	6	10	49	+43	296,934	46.40%	+20.40%
	Social Credit	Harry E. Strom	75	55	55	25	−30	262,953	41.10%	−3.50%
	New Democrats	Grant Notley	70	-	-	1	+1	73,038	11.42%	−4.56%
	Liberal	Bob Russell	20	3	-	-	−3	6,475	1.01%	−9.80%
	Independent		3	1	-	-	−1	462	0.07%	−1.31%
Total			243	65	65	75	+10	639,862	100%	–
Source: Elections Alberta

Popular vote PC   46.40% Social Credit   41.10% New Democratic   11.42% Liberal   1.01% Others   0.07%

Seats summary PC   65.33% Social Credit   33.33% New Democratic   1.33%

Daylight saving time plebiscite

Daylight saving time plebiscite

August 30, 1971 (1971-08-30)
Do you favour province-wide daylight saving time?
Results
Choice Votes  % Yes 386,846 61.47% No 242,431 38.53% Total votes 629,277 100.00%

Alberta voters participated in a province-wide plebiscite on the question of whether or not to endorse a proposal to adopt daylight saving time (summer time). The proposal was endorsed by voters with a wide margin of 61.37 per cent in approval.

Background

In 1948, the Government of Alberta formally set the province's time zone with the passage of The Daylight Saving Time Act, ^[21] which mandated the entire province observe Mountain Standard Time, and prevented any municipality from observing daylight saving time or any other time zone. The legislation came after Calgary (1946 and 1947), and Edmonton (1946) held municipal plebiscites that approved the move to daylight saving time.

Alberta's urban municipalities were largely in favour of daylight saving time and pressured the provincial government to hold a provincial plebiscite or permit municipalities to observe daylight saving time. ^[22] The effort in the legislature was spearheaded by Liberal MLA and Calgary Alderman Bill Dickie, who in March 1964 brought forward a motion to permit municipalities to hold plebiscites on the issue; the motion was defeated by the Social Credit government. At the time, Social Credit MLA William Patterson described daylight saving time as "that fandangled thing", and Minister Allen Russell Patrick stated municipal daylight saving time would be difficult for tourists to understand. ^[23]

In February 1966, the Social Credit government finally gave in to the calls for a provincial plebiscite on daylight saving time, approving a motion submitted by Bill Dickie. ^[24] The government responded on March 29, 1966, with Minister Alfred Hooke introducing An Act to amend The Daylight Saving Time Act (Bill 75) which amended the Daylight Saving Time Act ^[25] to permit the government to hold a plebiscite on the issue. Alberta voters were asked the question "Do you favour Province-wide Daylight Saving Time?", during the 1967 Alberta general election. A narrow majority of 51.25 per cent of voters rejected daylight saving time. Most of the opposition was located in rural areas, while strong support for daylight saving time was seen in the cities of Calgary, Edmonton, Lethbridge, and Medicine Hat.

By 1967, each province besides Alberta and Saskatchewan had adopted daylight saving time. Many Alberta businesses provided for modified summer hours to coordinate with other provinces with daylight saving time, including the Alberta Stock Exchange which started at 7 a.m. to align with exchanges in Toronto and Montreal. Air Canada released a statement expressing the difficulty of distributing flight schedules with flights in Alberta. ^[26]

After 25 years as Premier, Social Credit leader Ernest Manning stepped down on December 12, 1968, and his successor Harry Strom was sworn in as Premier. Only a few months later in April 1969, Strom announced Albertans would once again be asked to vote on daylight saving time in conjunction with the next scheduled provincial general election. During the announcement, Strom stated he was neutral on the topic and did not have a preference one way or another. ^[27]

Campaign

Once again Calgary residents and businessmen Bill Creighton and David Matthews led a campaign for daylight saving times, just as they did in 1967, arguing the benefits of an additional hour of late sunlight for sports. ^[28] Creighton learned from the successful and well-funded "no" campaign in 1967 led by the Alberta Council for Standard Time and Calgary lawyer and drive-in movie operator R. H. Barron. Creighton and Matthews formed the "Yes for Daylight Saving Society" to advocate during the leadup to the 1971 plebiscite, mirroring the organized approach of the "no" campaign in 1967. ^{[29] [30]} The Edmonton chapter had a $1,000 budget for advertising and even crowned a "Miss Daylight Saving Time", who made appearances throughout Edmonton. ^[30] The arguments made for daylight saving time were similar to 1967, more amateur sport time, saving 150 hours of electricity each summer and aligning Alberta with the eight other provinces that observed daylight saving time. ^[30]

The primary opposition to daylight saving time was described by members of the "Yes for Daylight Saving Society" as farmers, housewives and drive-in movie operators. In the 1967 campaign, the Alberta Council for Standard Time was able to raise $30,000 for advertisements, but was much less vocal during the 1971 campaign. Unifarm, an agricultural organization opposed daylight saving time, but was not willing to spend significantly on a campaign. ^[31]

Aftermath

The 1971 plebiscite on daylight saving time resulted in an overwhelming majority of the Alberta population approving the transition. A statement from Unifarm, a farmer representative organization which opposed daylight saving time admitted that the organization anticipated the proposal would pass, but also downplayed the consequences for farmers. ^[32] The new Progressive Conservative government highlighted the change to observe daylight saving in the Speech from the Throne in early March 1972, ^[33] and Attorney-General Merv Leitch announced on March 14, 1972, that Alberta will officially observe daylight saving time, with the start date set for April 30, 1972, and lasting until October 29, 1972. ^[34]

Results

Do you favour province-wide daylight saving time?
For	Against
386,846   61.47%	242,431   38.53%

Do you favour province-wide daylight saving time? For   61.47% Against   38.53%

For break down of results see individual districts

Results by riding

Calgary

Electoral district	Candidates										Incumbent
	Social Credit		PC		Liberal		NDP		Other
Calgary-Bow		Roy Wilson 5,539 47.84%		Bill Wearmouth 4,563 39.41%				Fred Spooner 1,407 12.15%
Calgary-Buffalo		Don Luzzi 5,238 42.31%		Ronald H. Ghitter 5,705 46.09%				Jane Ann Summers 1,364 11.02%
Calgary-Currie		Frederick C. Colborne 4,679 43.43%		Fred H. Peacock 5,255 48.78%				Margaret I. Jackson 791 7.34%
Calgary-Egmont		Pat O'Byrne 5,503 40.94%		Merv Leitch 6,791 50.52%				Ron Stuart 1,060 7.89%
Calgary-Elbow		L.A. Thorssen 4,480 41.63%		David J. Russell 5,547 51.54%				Dolores LeDrew 688 6.39%
Calgary-Foothills		Jay Salmon 5,885 39.30%		Len F. Werry 7,693 51.38%				James Staples 1,370 9.15%
Calgary-Glenmore		Raymond A. Kingsmith 5,122 37.21%		William Daniel Dickie 7,658 55.64%				George C. McGuire 806 5.86%				William Daniel Dickie
Calgary-McCall		George Ho Lem 5,116 43.70%		John Kushner 4,187 35.76%		Natalie Chapman 151 1.29%		Ted Takacs 1,984 16.95%
Calgary-McKnight		Jim Richards 5,368 41.60%		Calvin E. Lee 6,134 47.54%		Philip T. Keuber 246 1.91%		Walter H. Siewert 1,097 8.50%
Calgary-Millican		Arthur J. Dixon 4,539 48.74%		Norman Kwong 2,973 31.93%		Carole Walter 153 1.64%		Clarence Lacombe 1,543 16.57%
Calgary-Mountain View		Albert W. Ludwig 4,990 51.11%		George Swales 3,533 36.19%				E.C. Baldwin 1,149 11.77%
Calgary-North Hill		Robert A. Simpson 4,900 42.88%		Roy Alexander Farran 4,961 43.41%				Barry Pashak 1,341 11.74%		Carl L. Riech (Ind.) 121 1.06%
Calgary-West		Charles Grey 4,319 33.68%		Peter Lougheed 7,049 54.96%		Brian Stevenson 333 2.60%		Joe Yanchula 1,066 8.31%				Peter Lougheed

Edmonton

Electoral district	Candidates										Incumbent
	Social Credit		PC		Liberal		NDP		Other
Edmonton-Avonmore		Joe G. Radstaak 3,681 39.87%		Horst A. Schmid 3,913 42.39%		John Kloster 257 2.78%		Bill McLean 1,303 14.11%
Edmonton-Belmont		Werner G. Schmidt 4,052 33.42%		Albert Edward Hohol 6,018 49.63%				Gordon S.B. Wright 1,960 16.16%
Edmonton-Beverly		Lou W. Heard 3,050 28.95%		Bill W. Diachuk 4,471 42.44%		John Lambert 185 1.76%		Barrie Chivers 2,769 26.28%
Edmonton-Calder		Edgar H. Gerhart 3,653 32.03%		Tom Chambers 5,931 52.01%				Bill Glass 1,772 15.54%
Edmonton-Centre		Gerry Mulhall 2,622 28.91%		Gordon Miniely 5,281 58.23%		Leonard Stahl 197 2.17%		Linda Gaboury 931 10.27%				Ambrose Holowach
Edmonton-Glenora		Lou Letourneau 4,001 31.09%		Lou Hyndman 7,661 59.53%		Sol Estrin 322 2.50%		Mary Lou Pocklington 848 6.59%
Edmonton-Gold Bar		William F. Young 3,778 35.31%		William Yurko 5,789 54.10%				Tom Hennessey 1,082 10.11%
Edmonton-Highlands		Ambrose Holowach 2,748 38.05%		David T. King 2,848 39.43%		Gerald Lorente 154 2.13%		Leroy Pearch 1,368 18.94%
Edmonton-Jasper Place		John B. Ludwig 3,789 33.72%		Leslie Gordon Young 5,758 51.25%		Edwin Robert Daniels 241 2.15%		Kenneth Joseph Kerr 1,402 12.48%				John William Horan
Edmonton-Kingsway		Ethel Sylvia Wilson 3,535 30.92%		Kenneth R.H. Paproski 6,316 55.25%		Roderick Woodcock 199 1.74%		Paulette Atterbury 1,290 11.28%
Edmonton-Meadowlark		Alexander Romaniuk 3,839 34.05%		Gerard Joseph Amerongen 6,371 56.52%				Alan J. Idiens 1,035 9.18%
Edmonton-Norwood		Irene Domecki 3,618 35.80%		Catherine Chichak 4,334 42.89%				Sam Lee 1,954 19.34%				William Tomyn
Edmonton-Ottewell		Ronald Penner 4,188 32.73%		John G. Ashton 7,009 54.77%				Donald Haythorne 1,314 10.27%
Edmonton-Parkallen		Gordon V. Rasmussen 3,875 35.84%		Neil S. Crawford 5,300 49.02%		Vic Yanda 221 2.04%		Hart Horn 1,311 12.13%
Edmonton-Strathcona		Joseph Donovan Ross 2,973 32.55%		Julian Koziak 4,541 49.72%				Timothy Christian 1,574 17.23%
Edmonton-Whitemud		Donald Murray Hamilton 4,690 33.06%		Donald Ross Getty 8,201 57.81%		James N. Tanner 235 1.66%		Joseph Mercredi 936 6.60%

Rest of Alberta

Electoral district	Candidates										Incumbent
	Social Credit		PC		Liberal		NDP		Other
Athabasca		Allan Gerlach 2,585 36.76%		Frank Appleby 3,261 46.37%				Peter E. Opryshko 1,136 16.15%				Antonio Aloisio
Banff-Cochrane		Slim Martin 2,647 37.52%		Clarence Copithorne 3,801 53.88%				Beverly Coulter 420 5.95%				Clarence Copithorne
Barrhead		Simon Tuininga 1,651 29.10%		Hugh F. Horner 3,360 59.23%				Herman Burke 643 11.33%
Bonnyville		Lorne Mowers 2,355 43.31%		Donald Hansen 2,523 46.40%				Claire Gaines 539 9.91%				Romeo B. Lamothe
Bow Valley		Fred T. Mandeville 3,584 67.66%		Don Murray 1,674 31.60%
Camrose		Laurence Rhierson 3,965 41.52%		Gordon Stromberg 4,552 47.67%				Keith Boulter 988 10.35%				Chester I. Sayers
Cardston		Edgar W. Hinman 2,831 53.56%		Larry L. Lang 2,392 45.25%								Alvin F. Bullock
Clover Bar		Walt A. Buck 4,041 48.86%		J. Devereux 3,468 41.93%				A. Karvonen 736 8.90%				Walt A. Buck
Cypress		Harry E. Strom 2,777 60.15%		Dave Berntson 1,635 35.41%				Tony de Souza 196 4.25%				Harry E. Strom
Drayton Valley		Thomas Johnson 1,304 26.62%		Rudolph Zander 2,603 53.14%				Alvin Harmacy 963 19.66%
Drumheller		Gordon Edward Taylor 5,044 63.56%		Wayne Ohlhauser 2,285 28.79%				Dick Hehr 547 6.89%
Edson		Rollie Mohr 1,947 28.58%		Robert W. Dowling 3,900 57.24%				Walter Seewitz 749 10.99%				Robert W. Dowling
Grande Prairie		William Bowes 4,104 38.42%		Winston Backus 4,553 42.63%				Arthur Macklin 1,992 18.65%				Ira McLaughlin
Hanna-Oyen		Clinton Keith French 2,231 45.58%		John Edward Butler 2,216 45.27%				Gordon Snell 414 8.46%
Highwood		Edward P. Benoit 2,941 47.82%		Eldon C. Couey 2,789 45.35%				D. Larry McKillop 389 6.33%
Innisfail		William Kenneth Ure 2,915 46.95%		Clifford L. Doan 3,235 52.10%
Lac La Biche-McMurray		Dan Bouvier 2,679 52.97%		Elmer Roy 1,927 38.10%				Kenneth B. Orchard 414 8.19%
Lacombe		Ivan Stonehocker 2,582 42.02%		John William Cookson 3,094 50.36%				Ragnar Johanson 452 7.36%				Allan Russell Patrick
Lesser Slave Lake		Dennis Barton 1,830 40.98%		Garth Roberts 1,434 32.11%		Stan Daniels 246 5.51%		Marie Carlson 670 15.00%		Allan Crawford (Ind.) 231 5.17%
Lethbridge-East		John V. Anderson 5,341 50.27%		Richard Barton 4,374 41.17%				Douglas Poile 805 7.58%
Lethbridge-West		Richard David Gruenwald 4,169 54.39%		R.J. Gray 2,751 35.89%				Klaas Buijert 670 8.74%
Little Bow		Raymond Albert Speaker 3,400 58.42%		John C. Green 2,114 36.32%				Edward H. Rodney 295 5.07%				Raymond Albert Speaker
Lloydminster		Campbell A. Hancock 2,585 42.95%		James Edgar Miller 2,774 46.09%				Lloyd Robertson 635 10.55%
Macleod		Leighton E. Buckwell 3,399 50.67%		Danny Le Grandeur 2,808 41.86%				Sid J. Cornish 470 7.01%				Leighton E. Buckwell
Medicine Hat-Redcliff		William Wyse 6,447 48.68%		James Horsman 4,140 31.26%		Theodore Anhorn 462 3.49%		Frank Armstrong 2,128 16.07%
Olds-Didsbury		Robert Curtis Clark 4,346 59.36%		Rudolf Pedersen 2,578 35.21%				William C. McCutcheon 366 5.00%				Robert Curtis Clark
Peace River		Robert H. Wiebe 2,437 38.04%		Al (Boomer) Adair 3,188 49.77%				Hans Jorgensen 722 11.27%				Robert H. Wiebe
Pincher Creek-Crowsnest		Charles Duncan Drain 2,379 42.82%		Morgan Johnson 1,791 32.24%				Clarence W. Smith 1,355 24.39%				Charles Duncan Drain
Ponoka		Neville S. Roper 2,695 43.69%		Donald J. McCrimmon 2,712 43.96%		Bernice Luce 142 2.30%		Ed Nelson 598 9.69%				Neville S. Roper
Red Deer		Fulton Rollings 3,627 34.79%		James L. Foster 4,994 47.90%		Len Patterson 761 7.30%		Ethel Taylor 1,022 9.80%				William Kenneth Ure
Redwater-Andrew		Michael Senych 2,271 34.67%		George Topolnisky 3,277 50.02%				Norman T. Flach 968 14.78%
Rocky Mountain House		Harvey Staudinger 2,472 40.01%		Helen Hunley 3,014 48.78%				David Elliot 657 10.63%				Alfred J. Hooke
Sedgewick-Coronation		Ralph A. Sorenson 2,272 47.51%		Herb Losness 2,005 41.93%				Ron Chalmers 489 10.23%				Jack C. Hillman
Smoky River		Bernard Lamoureux 1,604 26.88%		Marvin Moore 2,254 37.77%				Victor Tardif 2,074 34.76%
Spirit River-Fairview		Adolph O. Fimrite 2,246 35.99%		Don Moore 1,439 23.06%				Grant W. Notley 2,400 38.46%		Michael Zuk (Ind.) 110 1.76%
St. Albert		Keith Everitt 3,592 33.36%		William Ernest Jamison 4,623 42.94%		Robert A. Russell 1,660 15.42%		Elsie McMillan 878 8.15%				Keith Everitt
St. Paul		Raymond Reierson 2,041 35.07%		Mick Fluker 2,661 45.72%		Lawrence P. Coutu 209 3.59%		Laurent (Jeff) Dubois 898 15.43%				Raymond Reierson
Stettler		Galen C. Norris 2,631 47.10%		Jack G. Robertson 2,925 52.36%								Galen C. Norris
Stony Plain		Ralph A. Jespersen 2,788 40.12%		William Frederick Purdy 3,348 48.17%				Michael Crowson 770 11.08%				Ralph A. Jespersen
Taber-Warner		Douglas Miller 4,077 54.48%		Robert Bogle 3,367 45.00%								Douglas Miller
Three Hills		Raymond Ratzlaff 2,970 47.93%		Allan Warrack 2,978 48.06%				K. Robert Friesen 220 3.55%				Raymond Ratzlaff
Vegreville		Alex W. Gordey 2,191 32.05%		John S. Batiuk 3,042 44.49%				W.B. Welsh 1,537 22.48%
Vermilion-Viking		Ashley H. Cooper 2,420 46.68%		Tom Newcomb 2,232 43.06%				Harry E. Yaremchuk 507 9.78%
Wainwright		Henry A. Ruste 3,311 63.04%		Clifford Silas Smallwood 1,366 26.01%				Gary Luciow 547 10.42%				Henry A. Ruste
Wetaskiwin-Leduc		James D. Henderson 5,334 47.25%		Emanuel Pyrcz 4,590 40.66%				Lionel Udenberg 1,336 11.83%
Whitecourt		Clyde Feero 2,125 33.76%		Peter Trynchy 3,096 49.19%		Arthur Yates 101 1.60%		Robert Price 929 14.76%

See also

• 1948 Electrification Plebiscite
• 1957 Liquor Plebiscite
• 1967 Daylight Saving Plebiscite
• List of Alberta political parties

References

1. Perry & Craig 2006, p. 523.
2. Wood 1985, p. 47.
3. Wood 1985, p. 61.
4. Perry & Craig 2006, p. 524.
5. Barr 2004, p. 193.
6. Barr 2004, p. 195.
7. Wood 1985, p. 69.
8. Wood 1985, p. 70.
9. Barr 2004, p. 194.
10. Barr 2004, pp. 196–197.
11. Wood 1985, p. 73.
12. Wood 1985, p. 74.
13. Wood 1985, pp. 74–75.
14. Wood 1985, p. 76.
15. Perry & Craig 2006, p. 525.
16. Wood 1985, p. 77.
17. The Election Act , RSA 1970, c. C-117
18. Special Committee on Redistribution (1968). Report of the Alberta Committee on Redistribution Procedure. Edmonton, Alberta: Legislative Assembly of Alberta. Retrieved May 22, 2020.
19. "Alberta PCs win historic 12th straight majority". CTV Calgary. April 23, 2012. Retrieved May 11, 2012.
20. Barr 2004, p. 198.
21. An Act Respecting the use of Daylight Saving Time within the Province , SA 1948, c 18, retrieved from CanLII on July 21, 2021
22. "Daylight Saving Vote Sought". Edmonton Journal . July 9, 1963. p. 31. ProQuest   2396983702.
23. Cove, Lynne (March 11, 1964). "Under the Dome". Calgary Herald . Edmonton. p. 1. ProQuest   2253643631.
24. "Daylight Time: Legislature Votes to Hold Plebiscite". Edmonton Journal . February 25, 1966. p. 15. ProQuest   2397521988.
25. An Act to amend The Daylight Saving Time Act , SA 1966, c 27, retrieved from CanLII on July 21, 2021
26. "Daylight Saving...Everyone Out Of Step". Calgary Herald . April 29, 1967. p. 31. ProQuest   2253792698.
27. Bell, Bob (April 17, 1969). "Alberta to get DST plebiscite". Edmonton Journal . p. 29. ProQuest   2397475495.
28. Boyer, J. Patrick (1992). Direct democracy in Canada: the history and future of referendums. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 128. ISBN   978-1-55002-183-7.
29. Thomson, Stuart (March 9, 2017). "Daylight saving time pioneers oppose move to scrap twice-yearly clock shift in Alberta". Edmonton Journal . Retrieved July 23, 2021.
30. "'Beat that night life - vote for DST'". Edmonton Journal . August 19, 1971. p. 53. ProQuest   2397691439.
31. Volkart, Carol (August 13, 1971). "DST: controversy that fizzled". Edmonton Journal . pp. 1, 6. ProQuest   2397601564.
32. Hull, Ken (August 31, 1971). "Alberta lets more sun in". Calgary Herald . p. 1. ProQuest   2258311130.
33. "Tories put stress on human rights". Calgary Herald . March 2, 1972. p. 1. ProQuest   2258361856.
34. "DST Starts April 30". Edmonton Journal . March 15, 1972. p. 1. ProQuest   2397658522.

Works cited

• Office of the Chief Electoral Officer; Legislative Assembly Office (2006). A Century of Democracy: Elections of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta, 1905-2005. The Centennial Series. Edmonton, AB: Legislative Assembly of Alberta. ISBN   0-9689217-8-7 . Retrieved May 25, 2020.
• Barr, John J. (2004). "Harry Strom". In Bradford J. Rennie (ed.). Alberta Premiers of the Twentieth Century . Regina, Saskatchewan: Canadian Plains Research Center, University of Regina. ISBN   0-88977-151-0.
• Hustak, Alan (1979). Peter Lougheed: A Biography. McClelland & Stewart. ISBN   9780771042997.
• Perry, Sandra E.; Craig, Jessica J. (2006). The Mantle of Leadership: Premiers of the Northwest Territories and Alberta . Edmonton, Alberta: Legislative Assembly of Alberta. ISBN   0-9689217-2-8.
• Tupper, Allan (2004). "Peter Lougheed". In Bradford J. Rennie (ed.). Alberta Premiers of the Twentieth Century . Regina, Saskatchewan: Canadian Plains Research Center, University of Regina. ISBN   0-88977-151-0.
• Wood, David G. (1985). The Lougheed legacy . Toronto: Key Porter Books. ISBN   0-919493-48-3. OCLC   910363674.

Further reading

• Long, John Anthony (1969). "Maldistribution in Western Provincial Legislatures: The Case of Alberta". Canadian Journal of Political Science / Revue Canadienne de Science Politique. 2 (3): 345–355. doi:10.1017/S0008423900025105. ISSN   1744-9324. JSTOR   3231781. S2CID   154953422.