1975 North Indian Ocean cyclone season

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1975 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
1975 North Indian Ocean cyclone season summary.jpg
Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formedJanuary 6, 1975
Last system dissipatedDecember 20, 1975
Seasonal statistics
Depressions20
Cyclonic storms7
Severe cyclonic storms4
Total fatalitiesUnknown
Total damageUnknown
Related articles
North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone seasons
1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977

The 1975 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was at the time, the most active cyclone season on record until it was beaten out 12 years later. The season has no official bounds but cyclones tend to form between April and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean. There are two main seas in the North Indian Ocean—the Bay of Bengal to the east of the Indian subcontinent and the Arabian Sea to the west of India. The official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre in this basin is the India Meteorological Department (IMD), while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) releases unofficial advisories. An average of five tropical cyclones form in the North Indian Ocean every season with peaks in May and November. [1] Cyclones occurring between the meridians 45°E and 100°E are included in the season by the IMD. [2]

Contents

Systems

1

Tropical Storm One (01B)

Depression (IMD)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
01B 1975-01-09.png   01B 1975 track.png
DurationJanuary 6 – January 10
Peak intensity45 km/h (30 mph) (3-min);

Cyclone Two (02A)

Extremely severe cyclonic storm (IMD)
Category 2 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
SWIndiaMay31975.gif   02A 1975 track.png
DurationMay 1 – May 10
Peak intensity185 km/h (115 mph) (3-min);

Two meandered slowly northwest, attaining hurricane-force winds between May 3 and May 5. The cyclone dissipated before making landfall.

Cyclone Three (03B)

Very severe cyclonic storm (IMD)
Category 1 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
BurmaMay61975.png   03B 1975 track.png
DurationMay 4 – May 8
Peak intensity150 km/h (90 mph) (3-min);

On May 5, Cyclone Three formed offshore of Thailand before recurving into Burma on May 7 as a hurricane-force system. Three moved inland and dissipated on May 8.

Tropical Storm Five (05B)

Deep depression (IMD)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
05B 1975-06-06.png   05B 1975 track.png
DurationJune 4 – June 7
Peak intensity55 km/h (35 mph) (3-min);

Cyclone Sixteen (16A)

Very severe cyclonic storm (IMD)
Category 1 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
16A 1975-10-21.png   16A 1975 track.png
DurationOctober 19 – October 24
Peak intensity155 km/h (100 mph) (3-min);

Cyclone Sixteen formed on 19 October and began to intensify, peaking as a Very Severe Cyclonic Storm or as a Category-1 equivalent storm on October 21. The storm made landfall at Porbandar in Gujarat at peak intensity on 22 October. Sixteen dissipated on October 24. [3] [4]

The cyclone caused severe damage to livelihoods, killing 85 people. Total damages were estimated to be 75 crore (equivalent to 21 billionorUS$250 million in 2023). [3]

Tropical Storm Eighteen (18B)

Cyclonic storm (IMD)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
18B 1975-11-01.png   18B 1975 track.png
DurationNovember 1 – November 3
Peak intensity65 km/h (40 mph) (3-min);

Tropical Storm Nineteen (19B)

Severe cyclonic storm (IMD)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
19B 1975-11-09.png   19B 1975 track.png
DurationNovember 7 – November 12
Peak intensity100 km/h (65 mph) (3-min);

Tropical Storm Twenty (20B)

Cyclonic storm (IMD)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
20B 1975-11-28.png   20B 1975 track.png
DurationNovember 24 – December 2
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (3-min);

See also

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">1975 Porbandar cyclone</span> North Indian Ocean cyclone in 1975

The 1975 Porbandar cyclone, also designated Cyclone Sixteen (16A) by Joint Typhoon Warning Center, was a tropical cyclone that affected Gujarat state of India and southern Pakistan from 17 to 24 October 1975. It killed 85 people and caused damages of estimated 75 crore.

References

  1. "Frequently Asked Questions: What is the annual frequency of Cyclones over the Indian Seas? What is its intra-annual variation?". India Meteorological Department. 2012. Archived from the original on May 21, 2015. Retrieved June 8, 2012.
  2. "Bulletins Issued by Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre (RSMC) – Tropical Cyclones, New Delhi" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. May 25, 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-04-12. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
  3. 1 2 Mukherjee, A. K.; Subramanian, S. K. (1977-10-01). "Some features of Porbandar cyclone of October 1975". MAUSAM. 28 (4): 439–446. doi: 10.54302/mausam.v28i4.2756 . ISSN   0252-9416.
  4. Gupta, G. R.; Mishra, D. K.; Yadav, B. R. (1977-04-01). "The Porbandar cyclone of October 1975". MAUSAM. 28 (2): 177–188. doi: 10.54302/mausam.v28i2.2687 . ISSN   0252-9416.