The 1970 North Indian Ocean cyclone season had no bounds, but tropical cyclones in the North Indian Ocean tend to form between April and December, with peaks in May and November. The 1970 season saw a total of seven cyclonic storms, of which three developed into severe cyclonic storms. The Bay of Bengal was more active than the Arabian Sea during 1970, with all of the three severe cyclonic storms in the season forming there. Unusually, none of the storms in the Arabian Sea made landfall this year. The most significant storm of the season was the Bhola cyclone, which formed in the Bay of Bengal and hit Bangladesh on November 12. The storm killed at least 500,000, making it the deadliest tropical cyclone in recorded history.[1] The season was also the deadliest tropical cyclone season globally, with 500,805 fatalities, mostly due to the aforementioned Bhola cyclone.
A low-pressure area that developed over the southern Andaman Sea late in April moved north into the Bay of Bengal, becoming the first depression of the year on May 2. The depression intensified under the influence of a high-level anticyclone and became a cyclonic storm the next day. The storm then turned to the northeast and strengthened into a severe cyclonic storm on May 4. Soon after this, it peaked with winds of 150km/h (95mph) and a well-defined eye formed. The storm made its landfall near Cox's Bazar in easternmost East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) early in the morning of May 7 and dissipated over western Burma that evening.
The cyclone brought widespread rain to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, before it moved clear of them on May 3. Effects in East Pakistan are unknown, but Akyab in western Burma reported winds of 55km/h (35mph) as the cyclone approached land.[2]
Depression Two
Depression(IMD)
Duration
May 23– May 24
Peak intensity
45km/h (30mph) (3-min);
A depression formed in the northeast of the Bay of Bengal during the morning of May 23, near the East Pakistan coast. It moved towards the coast and made landfall to the south of Cox's Bazar that night, before dissipating over southern Assam on the next day.[2] Any effects on land are unknown.
A low-pressure area developed off the Karnataka–Goa coastline in the Arabian Sea on May 27, and developed into a depression on the next day. The system developed further into a cyclonic storm on May 29 as it moved to the north. The storm reached its peak with 95km/h (60mph); soon after this, as it turned to the west, but soon degenerated into a deep depression over the northern Arabian Sea on May 31. The depression continued to move westward, weakening to a remnant low shortly afterward, as it made landfall on the Arabian Peninsula, on June 2. The remnant low dissipated over southern Saudi Arabia on the next day.[2] The cyclone itself had minimal effects on land, but the monsoon advanced into western India in late May in association with the system. As the cyclone moved to the west away from the subcontinent, the incursion of moist air from the Arabian Sea persisted over northwestern India for the first three days of June. This brought moderate rainfall to regions of Gujarat, Rajasthan and western Madhya Pradesh.[2]
A low-pressure area developed in the northern Bay of Bengal on June 6 and developed into a depression on the next day, as it drifted to the north, moving over the south of the Ganges Delta. The depression reversed its course overland, reemerging into the Bay of Bengal on June 8. Once over open water, the depression intensified into a cyclonic storm on the morning of June 9. The cyclone's motion shifted to the northwest and it made a second landfall near Balasore in northern Orissa that night. The cyclone quickly weakened to a deep depression overland and tracked to the west over central India, where it degenerated into a broad area of low pressure on June 11.[2] Sustained winds of 65km/h (40mph) were recorded at Sandheads on June 9, while the cyclone was at its peak offshore. High levels of rain affected much of Orissa and West Bengal, with over 100mm (3.9in) falling over large areas of both states. As the storm dissipated overland, it brought severe rain to Vidarbha and southern Madhya Pradesh. The highest recorded rainfall was at Khandwa were 280mm (11in) fell on June 13 alone. The rains led to localised flooding in parts of Vidarbha and disrupted road transport in the region.[2]
Deep Depression Five
Deep depression(IMD)
Duration
June 29– July 3
Peak intensity
≥50km/h (30mph) (3-min);
A low-pressure area that had developed over the northern Bay of Bengal on June 28 organized into a depression early on June 29. The depression intensified as it moved to the northwest, becoming a deep depression shortly before it crossed the Orissa coast. After landfall, the storm continued to move to the northwest, weakening to a depression again on July 2, over northeast Madhya Pradesh. It degenerated into a remnant low over central Uttar Pradesh during the evening of July 3.[2] The depression brought intense monsoon conditions to Orissa, Madhya Pradesh and Vidarbha during its life. Over 210mm (8.3in) of rain and winds of 85km/h (55mph) were recorded in Paradip as the depression made landfall on June 30. Inland, the heavy rains caused some rivers in Orissa to overflow and flooded rice paddies in Cuttack District. Further west, the Wainganga River overflowed its banks in places. Road transport in Madhya Pradesh was disrupted and there was damage to crops in the Raipur area. Raipur recorded the highest 24-hour rains associated with the depression, with 230mm (9.1in) falling there on July 2.[2]
A low-pressure area moved to the west, off the Burmese coast on July 5, and developed into a depression on the next day, in the north-central Bay of Bengal. The depression intensified as it moved to the northwest, becoming a deep depression on July 7. The system made landfall on the Orissa coast during the morning of July 8, and rapidly degenerated into a broad area of low pressure overland. The remnant low moved north over western Bihar and it persisted there until July 12, when it was absorbed by the monsoon trough.[2] Winds of 55km/h (35mph) were recorded offshore at Sandheads when the system was at its peak. The depression brought isolated heavy rains to many places throughout East India, with rains in excess of 100mm (3.9in) falling each day from the depression's landfall until the absorption of the storm's remnant low.[2]
Depression Seven
Depression(IMD)
Duration
August 17– August 19
Peak intensity
45km/h (30mph) (3-min);
A low-pressure area that lay over Burma on August 15, moved to the west across the Bay of Bengal and developed into a depression on the evening of August 17, when it was 100km (62mi) southeast of Gopalpur-on-Sea. The depression moved to the northwest and made landfall near Gopalpur-on-Sea, and turned to the west overland. The depression had weakened into a remnant low by August 20, when it was over western Madhya Pradesh.[2] The depression and associated weather brought widespread rain to much of south and central India, with heavy rain falling in some locations. The heavy rain in Maharashtra disrupted road transport in many areas, especially in the east of the state. The Godavari River inundated parts of Bhadrachalam and many villages in regions of Andhra Pradesh. The rains also damaged rice paddies and disrupted transport in Telangana. Rains associated with the depression reached as far west as Bombay with 200mm (7.9in) falling there on August 19.[2]
Cyclonic Storm Eight
Cyclonic storm(IMD)
Duration
September 2– September 13
Peak intensity
65km/h (40mph) (3-min);
A low-pressure area that was centred over West Bengal on August 31 organized into a depression on September 2, when it was 50km (31mi) to the east of Midnapore. It intensified as it moved to the west, becoming a deep depression on the next day, about 50km (31mi) east of Ranchi. The system continued to move west across India, before weakening into a depression on September 7, near Ahmedabad, Gujarat. The depression then turned northward and entered southwest Rajasthan.[2] On September 8, the system turned to the southwest and emerged into the Arabian Sea on the following evening. Over open water, it intensified again, becoming a cyclonic storm by the evening of September 10. The cyclone developed a short-lived eye on September 11, as it drifted slowly to the west, before degenerating into a broad area of low pressure as it neared the Oman coast, on September 14.[2] This system brought widespread rains to a wide swathe of India during its existence. Some heavy rains in West Bengal flooded vast areas of many districts and resulted in some fatalities, whilst in parts of neighbouring Orissa the floodwaters damaged fields. 390mm (15in) of rain fell on Bardhaman over two days as the depression passed overhead. Several thousand people were made homeless in West Bengal. Both the Narmada and Tapti Rivers inundated parts of Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat. The floods in Gujarat took many lives and caused severe damage to crops and other properties. Between 300 and 400people were washed away in two villages in Bharuch district.[2]260mm (10in) of rain fell on Surat on July 7 and a further 80mm (3.1in) on Kutch District as the cyclone moved out to sea.[2]
A low-pressure area moved from Burma to the Bay of Bengal on September 8, where it developed into a depression. The depression strengthened as it moved to the northwest and became a deep depression on the next day, when it was 150km (93mi) southeast of Calcutta. The system crossed the West Bengal coast later and moved to the northwest across the Chota Nagpur Plateau. The depression stalled over Uttar Pradesh on September 12, and remained near Lucknow until September 14. The depression then turned to the east and weakened into a remnant low over northern Bihar, on September 18.[2] The depression brought widespread rain to West Bengal, Orissa, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, and Madhya Pradesh during its lifespan, with rains of 140mm (5.5in) as far west as Lucknow. The rains in Uttar Pradesh caused severe property damage and flooding, with some 150people losing their lives in the state. The Ganges flooded in northern Bihar, inundating parts of Munger District, whilst the Gandaki River flooded parts of Motihari. The rains worsened floods in south Bengal, increasing the death toll from the floods there to 80 and affecting 8million people, with considerable damage done to crops and housing. Jaleswar in Orissa was entirely flooded.[2]
Depression Ten
Depression(IMD)
Duration
September 21– September 23
Peak intensity
45km/h (30mph) (3-min);
A well-defined low-pressure area formed over the west central Bay of Bengal on September 20, and developed into a depression on the next morning about 100km (62mi) south-east of Visakhapatnam. The depression then moved overland, and after crossing Vidarbha, weakened into a remnant low over Gujarat on September 23.[2] The depression brought widespread rain to northern South India as it passed over the country, and its remnants brought scattered rain to Gujarat over the following week. Over a period of four hours, heavy rain fell on Hyderabad and Secunderabad, destroying many houses in the two cities. About 130mm (5.1in) of rain fell on Bombay as the system dissipated. The heavy rains claimed about 75 lives.[2]
Depression Eleven
Depression(IMD)
Duration
October 11– October 13
Peak intensity
45km/h (30mph) (3-min);
A low-pressure area that developed in the Bay of Bengal passed over the southern Indian subcontinent and developed into a depression in the Arabian Sea, off the southern Maharashtra coast on October 11. The depression did not develop further as it drifted westward, and it degenerated into an area of low pressure on October 13, as it was approaching the Arabian Peninsula. The depression brought widespread rains to southern Maharashtra and Karnataka states, with 40 millimetres (1.6in) of rain recorded in Karwar. Scattered heavy rain was also reported in the Laccadives.[2]
A depression formed on October 18 in the central Bay of Bengal, and moved to the north. It gradually intensified and turned to the northeast, becoming a cyclonic storm on October 20. The storm became the second severe cyclonic storm of the season on the following day, and turned onto a more northerly track towards the Ganges Delta. The storm peaked with winds of 130km/h (80mph) before it made landfall near the West Bengal–East Pakistan border, during the morning of October 23. The storm then crossed over East Pakistan, before dissipating over southern Assam on October 24.[2]
This cyclone brought widespread rain to Tamil Nadu as it formed, and to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands as it moved over the Bay of Bengal. After its landfall, it brought severe rains to West Bengal, Assam, and East Pakistan. The highest recorded rainfall in India was at Shillong, where 220mm (8.7in) fell on October 24. A gust of 105km/h (65mph) was recorded in Calcutta as the storm passed by to the east, where it caused the failure of the power supply.[2]
The cyclone claimed between 200 and 300 lives in East Pakistan, with the worst of the damage occurring in Khulna District.[2] Over 200 villages were destroyed in the district, leaving several thousand people homeless, and there was extensive damage to crops.[3]
On the morning of November 8, a depression formed in the south-central Bay of Bengal. It moved very slowly to the north, becoming a cyclonic storm on the next day. The cyclone continued to intensify as it approached the head of the Bay, becoming the third severe cyclonic storm of the season on November 11. That evening, it reached its peak intensity, with winds of 185km/h (115mph) with a well-developed eye, becoming the strongest storm of the season. On November 11 the Indian 5500 tonne freighter the Mahajagmitra reported wind speeds of 180 miles an hour and relayed a distress signal before it sank off the East Coast of India with 50 people on board.[4] The vortex then made landfall on the coast of East Pakistan during the night of November 12. The cyclone weakened rapidly as it moved inland and dissipated on the next day, over south Assam.[2]
This cyclone brought a devastating storm surge of up to 10 metres (33 feet) high to the Ganges Delta. Largely as a result of this surge, somewhere between 300,000 and 500,000people lost their lives, making this storm the deadliest tropical cyclone ever recorded and one of the deadliest natural disasters of modern times.[1][5] The total damage from the storm exceeded $85million (1970 USD, $480million 2008USD), and much of the agricultural and fishing capacity of the region was wiped out. A total of some 3.6million people suffered direct effects from this cyclone.[6]
The Pakistani government was severely criticized for its handling of the relief operations following the storm, both by local political leaders in East Pakistan and in the international media. In the December national elections, the opposition Awami League gained a landslide victory, gaining 160 of the 162 East Pakistani seats. Continuing unrest between East Pakistanis and the central government trigged the Bangladesh Liberation War, which concluded with the creation of the state of Bangladesh. This is one of the first times that a natural event helped to trigger a civil war in the modern era.[7]
Deep Depression Fourteen
Deep depression(IMD)
Duration
November 19– November 20
Peak intensity
≥50km/h (30mph) (3-min);
A low-pressure are that had developed over the south Andaman Sea moved west across the southern Bay of Bengal, and organized into a depression on the morning of November 19, when it was situated about 600km (370mi) southeast of Madras. The system intensified further into a deep depression, as it moved west-northwestward, and made landfall on Tamil Nadu on the following day. The depression subsequently weakened into a remnant low over Tamil Nadu.[2] The depression brought widespread rain to much of Tamil Nadu, with heavy rain impacting the coastal regions. Low-lying coastal regions from Pondicherry to Atirampattinam. There was damage to crops and housing in Thanjavur District and the rains left thousands homeless in Madras. Cuddalore experienced exceptionally heavy rains with over 440mm (17in) falling there, of which 310mm (12in) fell on November 20 alone.[2]
Cyclonic Storm Fifteen
Cyclonic storm(IMD)
Duration
November 22– November 29
Peak intensity
75km/h (45mph) (3-min);
The remnant low of a depression emerged into the Arabian Sea off Kerala late on November 21, and developed into a new depression on the next day, as it moved westward. The depression moved further west, and gradually turned toward the southwest, intensifying as it did so. It became a cyclonic storm on November 28, to the southeast of Socotra, and reached its peak intensity with winds of 75km/h (45mph) soon after. The cyclone continued to move west-southwestward, and rapidly weakened into a remnant low-pressure area off the Somalia coast on the next day, ending the season.[2] The cyclone brought widespread rain to the Laccadives from November 22 to 24, with 60mm (2.4in) recorded on Amini on November 23.[2]
Season effects
This is a table of all storms in the 1970 North Indian Ocean cyclone season. It mentions all of the season's storms and their names, durations, peak intensities (according to the IMD storm scale), areas affected, damages, and death totals. Damage and death totals include the damage and deaths caused when that storm was a precursor wave or extratropical low, and all of the damage figures are in 1970 USD.
South-West Indian Ocean cyclone seasons: 1969–70, 1970–71
Related Research Articles
The 2005 North Indian Ocean cyclone season caused much devastation and many deaths in Southern India despite the storms’ weakness. The basin covers the Indian Ocean north of the equator as well as inland areas, sub-divided by the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal. Although the season began early with two systems in January, the bulk of activity was confined from September to December. The official India Meteorological Department tracked 12 depressions in the basin, and the unofficial Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) monitored two additional storms. Three systems intensified into a cyclonic storm, which have sustained winds of at least 63 km/h (39 mph), at which point the IMD named them.
The 2006 North Indian Ocean cyclone season had no bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and December, with peaks in May and November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean.
The 2007 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was one of the most active North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons on record. The North Indian Ocean cyclone season has no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and December, with peaks in May and November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean.
The 2008 North Indian cyclone season was one of the most disastrous tropical cyclone seasons in modern history, causing more than 140,000 fatalities and over US$15 billion in damage. At the time, it was the costliest season in the North Indian Ocean, until it was surpassed by 2020. The season has no official bounds but cyclones tend to form between April and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean. There are two main seas in the North Indian Ocean—the Bay of Bengal, which is east of India, and the Arabian Sea, which is west of India. The official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre in this basin is the India Meteorological Department (IMD), however the Joint Typhoon Warning Center releases unofficial advisories for military interests. An average of four to six storms form in the North Indian Ocean every season. Cyclones occurring between the meridians 45°E and 100°E are included in the season by the IMD.
The 2004 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was the first in which tropical cyclones were officially named in the basin. Cyclone Onil, which struck India and Pakistan, was named in late September. The final storm, Cyclone Agni, was also named, and crossed into the southern hemisphere shortly before dissipation. This storm became notable during its origins and became one of the storms closest to the equator. The season was fairly active, with ten depressions forming from May to November. The India Meteorological Department designated four of these as cyclonic storms, which have maximum sustained winds of at least 65 km/h (40 mph) averaged over three minutes. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center also issued warnings for five of the storms on an unofficial basis.
The 2003 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was the last season that tropical cyclones were not publicly labeled by India Meteorological Department (IMD). Also was mostly focused in the Bay of Bengal, where six of the seven depressions developed. The remaining system was a tropical cyclone that developed in the Arabian Sea in November, which was also the only system that did not affect land. There were three cyclonic storms, which was below the average of 4–6. Only one storm formed before the start of the monsoon season in June, although it was also the most notable. On May 10, a depression formed in the central Bay of Bengal, and within a few days became a very severe cyclonic storm. After it stalled, it drew moisture from the southwest to produce severe flooding across Sri Lanka, killing 254 people and becoming the worst floods there since 1947. Damage on the island totaled $135 million (2003 USD). The storm eventually made landfall in Myanmar on May 19. It is possible that the storm contributed to a deadly heat wave in India due to shifting air currents.
The 2001 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was fairly quiet, although activity was evenly spread between the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal. There were six depressions tracked by the India Meteorological Department (IMD), which is the official Regional Specialized Meteorological Center for the northern Indian Ocean. The agency also tracked four cyclonic storms, which have maximum winds of at least 65 km/h (40 mph) sustained over 3 minutes. The American-based Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) tracked an additional storm – Tropical Storm Vamei – which crossed over from the South China Sea at a record-low latitude.
The 1990 North Indian Ocean cyclone season featured a below average total of twelve cyclonic disturbances and one of the most intense tropical cyclones in the basin on record. During the season the systems were primarily monitored by the India Meteorological Department, while other warning centres such as the United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center also monitored the area. During the season, there were at least 1,577 deaths, while the systems caused over US$693 million in damages. The most significant system was the 1990 Andhra Pradesh cyclone, which was the most intense, damaging, and the deadliest system of the season.
The 1989 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was a below-average season in annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. Despite this, the season had the second highest Accumulated Cyclone Energy in the basin on record behind only 2019 and 2023. The season has no official bounds but cyclones tend to form between April and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean. There are two main seas in the North Indian Ocean—the Bay of Bengal to the east of the Indian subcontinent and the Arabian Sea to the west of India. The official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre in this basin is the India Meteorological Department (IMD), while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) releases unofficial advisories. An average of five tropical cyclones form in the North Indian Ocean every season with peaks in May and November. Cyclones occurring between the meridians 45°E and 100°E are included in the season by the IMD.
The 2009 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was an event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. The North Indian Ocean cyclone season has no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and December, with peaks in May and November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean.
India is a country in the north of Indian Ocean that is the most vulnerable to getting hit by tropical cyclones in the basin, from the east or from the west. On average, 2–3 tropical cyclones make landfall in India each year, with about one being a severe tropical cyclone or greater.
The 1960 North Indian Ocean cyclone season featured two deadly tropical cyclones that killed approximately 20,000 people collectively in East Pakistan. The Indian subcontinent divides the North Indian Ocean into two areas: the Bay of Bengal to the east and the Arabian Sea to the west. The official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre in this basin is the India Meteorological Department (IMD), while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center releases unofficial advisories. On average, five storms form in the North Indian Ocean every season with dual peaks in activity during May and November. Cyclones that occurred between 45°E and 100°E were included in seasonal records by the IMD.
The 2014 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was an event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. The season included two very severe cyclonic storms, both in October, and one other named cyclonic storm, classified according to the tropical cyclone intensity scale of the India Meteorological Department. Cyclone Hudhud is estimated to have caused US$3.58 billion in damage across eastern India, and more than 120 deaths.
The 2016 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was an event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. It was the deadliest season since 2010, killing more than 400 people. The season was an average one, seeing four named storms, with one further intensifying into a very severe cyclonic storm. The first named storm, Roanu, developed on 19 May while the season's last named storm, Vardah, dissipated on 18 December. The North Indian Ocean cyclone season has no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and December, with the two peaks in May and November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean.
The 2017 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was a below average yet deadly season in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. This season produced only three named storms, of which one only intensified into a very severe cyclonic storm. The North Indian Ocean cyclone season has no official bounds but cyclones tend to form between April and December with the two peaks in May and November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean. The season began with the formation Cyclone Maarutha on April 15 and ended with the dissipation of a deep depression on December 9.
The 2018 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was one of the most active North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons since 1992, with the formation of fourteen depressions and seven cyclones. The North Indian Ocean cyclone season has no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and December, with the two peaks in May and November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean.
The 2019 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was the second most active North Indian Ocean cyclone season on record in terms of cyclonic storms, the 1992 season was more active according to the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. The season featured 12 depressions, 11 deep depressions, 8 cyclonic storms, 6 severe cyclonic storms, 6 very severe cyclonic storms, 3 extremely severe cyclonic storms, and 1 super cyclonic storm, Kyarr, the first since Cyclone Gonu in 2007. Additionally, it also became the third-costliest season recorded in the North Indian Ocean, only behind the 2020 and 2008 seasons.
The 2020 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was the costliest North Indian Ocean cyclone season on record, mostly due to the devastating Cyclone Amphan. The North Indian Ocean cyclone season has no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and November, with peaks in late April to May and October to November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean. The season began on May 16 with the designation of Depression BOB 01 in the Bay of Bengal, which later became Amphan. Cyclone Amphan was the strongest storm in the Bay of Bengal in 21 years and would break Nargis of 2008's record as the costliest storm in the North Indian Ocean. The season concluded with the dissipation of Cyclone Burevi on December 5. Overall, the season was slightly above average, seeing the development of five cyclonic storms.
The 1969 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was an active cyclone season. The season has no official bounds but cyclones in the northern Indian Ocean tend to form between April and December. There are two main seas in the North Indian Ocean—the Bay of Bengal to the east of the Indian subcontinent and the Arabian Sea to the west of India. The official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre in this basin is the India Meteorological Department (IMD), while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center releases unofficial advisories. An average of four to six storms form in the North Indian Ocean every season with peaks in May and November. Cyclones occurring between the meridians 45°E and 100°E are included in the season by the IMD.
The 1968 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was an active cyclone season. Cyclone seasons in the Northern Indian Ocean have no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and December, with peaks in May and November. These dates conventionally determine the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the basin. There are two main seas in the North Indian Ocean—the Bay of Bengal to the east of the Indian subcontinent, and the Arabian Sea to the west of India. The official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre in this basin is the India Meteorological Department (IMD), while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center releases unofficial advisories. An average of four to six storms form in the North Indian Ocean every season. Cyclones occurring between the meridians 45°E and 100°E are included in the season by the IMD.
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