Porbandar Sudamapuri | |
---|---|
City | |
Porbandar (Gujarat) | |
Coordinates: 21°38′30.0″N69°37′45.5″E / 21.641667°N 69.629306°E | |
Country | India |
State | Gujarat |
District | Porbandar |
Government | |
• Body | Porbandar - Chhaya Municipal Corporation |
Area | |
• Total | 38.43 km2 (14.84 sq mi) |
Elevation | 30.85 m (101.21 ft) |
Population (2011) | |
• Total | 152,760 |
• Density | 4,000/km2 (10,000/sq mi) |
Languages | |
• Official | Gujarati |
Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
PIN | 360575 |
Vehicle registration | GJ-25 |
Porbandar is a city and the headquarters of Porbandar district in the Indian state of Gujarat. It is the birthplace of Mahatma Gandhi and Sudama. It was the former capital of the Porbandar princely state. Porbandar and Chhaya are the twin cities of each other and both cities are jointly governed by Porbandar–Chhaya Municipal Corporation.
Onshore explorations in and around Porbandar brought to light the remains of a Late Harappan settlement dating back to the 16th-14th centuries BCE. There is evidence to suggest that the Harappan legacy of maritime activity continued till the late Harappan period on the Saurashtra coast. The discovery of ancient jetties along the Porbandar creek signifies the importance of Porbandar as an active center of maritime activities in the past. [1]
Indian theology views Porbandar as the birthplace of Sudama, a friend of Krishna. For this reason, it is also referred to as Sudaamapuri or Sudamapuri. [1]
Porbandar was the seat of the eponymous princely state in British India. Later the state belonged to the Jethwa clan of Rajputs and had been established in the area since at least the mid-16th century. The state was subordinate to the Mughal governor of Gujarat Subah until being overrun by the Marathas in the latter half of the 18th century. After, they came under the authority of the Gaekwad court at Baroda and eventually of the Peshwa.
Upon the Independence of India in 1947, the state was annexed into the dominion of India. It was merged with the 'United State of Kathiawar', effective 15 February 1948 and eventually came to form part of the present-day state of Gujarat. The last King of Porbandar was Natwarsinhji Bhavsinhji Maharaj.
Porbandar is located at 21°37′48″N69°36′0″E / 21.63000°N 69.60000°E . [2] It has an average elevation of 1 metre (3 ft).
Like most of Gujarat, Porbandar has a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen BSh) with three distinct seasons: the “cool” from October to March, the “hot” in April, May and early June, and the monsoonal “wet” from mid-June to September. [3]
Almost no rain falls outside the monsoon season, except for a very few late-season tropical cyclones. The most powerful one occurred on 22 October 1975 and produced a storm surge of 4 metres or 13 feet. During the monsoon season, rainfall is exceedingly erratic: Annual rainfall has been as low as 32.2 millimetres or 1.27 inches in 1918 and 34.3 millimetres or 1.35 inches in 1939, but as high as 1,850.6 millimetres or 72.86 inches in 1983—when a cyclone caused over 1,100 millimetres (43.3 in) to fall over four days [4] —and 1,251.7 millimetres or 49.28 inches in 1878.
With a coefficient of variation exceeding fifty percent and an expectation of only 41 percent of mean annual rainfall in the driest year in ten, the Porbandar region is among the most variable in the world [5] —comparable to northern Australia, the Brazilian sertão and the Kiribatese Line Islands. [6]
An illustration of Porbandar's extremely variable rainfall can be seen from 1899 to 1905 when seven successive years produced annual falls of:
Porbandar, owing to its coastal location, is the least hot of all major cities in Gujarat: Average high temperatures do not reach 35 °C or 95 °F in any month.
Climate data for Porbandar Airport (1981–2010, extremes 1969–2012) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 35.9 (96.6) | 38.4 (101.1) | 43.1 (109.6) | 44.0 (111.2) | 45.5 (113.9) | 40.8 (105.4) | 35.4 (95.7) | 35.4 (95.7) | 40.3 (104.5) | 41.4 (106.5) | 39.7 (103.5) | 37.2 (99.0) | 45.5 (113.9) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 29.3 (84.7) | 30.5 (86.9) | 32.9 (91.2) | 33.5 (92.3) | 33.5 (92.3) | 33.3 (91.9) | 31.4 (88.5) | 30.3 (86.5) | 31.7 (89.1) | 34.7 (94.5) | 33.9 (93.0) | 31.0 (87.8) | 32.2 (90.0) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 14.2 (57.6) | 15.8 (60.4) | 19.5 (67.1) | 22.6 (72.7) | 26.2 (79.2) | 27.9 (82.2) | 26.8 (80.2) | 25.9 (78.6) | 25.0 (77.0) | 22.6 (72.7) | 19.1 (66.4) | 15.8 (60.4) | 21.8 (71.2) |
Record low °C (°F) | 2.0 (35.6) | 5.9 (42.6) | 8.7 (47.7) | 15.0 (59.0) | 19.2 (66.6) | 20.7 (69.3) | 18.7 (65.7) | 22.2 (72.0) | 19.2 (66.6) | 15.3 (59.5) | 11.0 (51.8) | 6.4 (43.5) | 2.0 (35.6) |
Average rainfall mm (inches) | 1.1 (0.04) | 1.1 (0.04) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 2.5 (0.10) | 98.3 (3.87) | 249.5 (9.82) | 155.4 (6.12) | 77.6 (3.06) | 7.6 (0.30) | 13.1 (0.52) | 0.7 (0.03) | 606.8 (23.89) |
Average rainy days | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 3.3 | 9.4 | 7.7 | 3.0 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 25.4 |
Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) | 40 | 43 | 49 | 57 | 68 | 72 | 77 | 77 | 70 | 52 | 42 | 41 | 57 |
Source: India Meteorological Department [7] [8] |
As of 2011 [update] India census, Porbandar (City and urban outgrowth) had a population of 152,760. [9] Males constituted 51.4% of the population and females 48.6%. Porbandar has an average literacy rate of 86.46%, higher than the national average of 74.04%: male literacy is 91.69%, and female literacy is 80.92%. In Porbandar, 9.11% of the population is under 6 years of age.
According to the Census in 2011, the population of Porbander contracted 3.85% in 2011. i.e. the growth rate was negative. The sex ration of the city was 943 in 2011.[ clarification needed ]
Porbandar city is governed by a municipal council. [10] The municipality is responsible for supply of water to the city using Narmada as the main source of water supply. [11] The municipality supplies around 14 MLD everyday to the city. As per records available from 2008, the city had a coverage of 39% in terms of water supply connections though the coverage of distribution system was reported as 80%. [12] As per another assessment in the year 2016, Porbandar ranked the lowest in terms the volume of water supplied per capita at 59 lpcd (liters per capita per day) as compared to Gandhinagar which ranked the highest at 245 lpcd. [13] Municipality is also responsible for waste management in the city and generates about 66 tonnes per day of waste. [14]
The current member of Parliament is Rameshbhai Dhaduk.
This article is written like a travel guide .(January 2022) |
The best time to visit is October to March.
Porbandar is well-connected by road, rail and air to cities across the country.
Porbandar is an ancient port city. At present it has an all-weather port, with direct berthing facilities up to 50,000 DWT ships. [17] [18]
The city is connected through National Highway 27, connecting to Rajkot and Ahmedabad. National Highway 8E Ext (also known as State Highway 6) connects to Jamnagar, Dwarka in the north and Veraval, Bhavnagar in the south.
Major public transport is covered by the private and government buses.
Many private coaches are available daily to Rajkot, Dwarka, Veraval, Junagadh, Ahmedabad, Jamnagar, Vadodra, Surat, and Mumbai.
Porbandar railway station connects Porbandar with major cities of state and the country. There are daily trains to Rajkot (via Jamnagar, Bhanwad and Upleta, Dhoraji, Gondal as well), Somnath (via Junagadh) and Mumbai (via Ahmedabad, Vadodra and Surat). There are also trains to Delhi, Muzaffarpur and Howrah connecting to major cities of Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Vidarbha and West Bengal. A weekly train service connects Kochuveli, Thiruvananthapuram (Kerala) and Secunderabad (Hyderabad) with Porbandar via Mangalore, Calicut, Kochi and Quilon(Kollam).
From August 2022, no flights are operational.
Kathiawar is a peninsula, near the far north of India's west coast, of about 61,000 km2 (23,500 sq mi) bordering the Arabian Sea. It is bounded by the Gulf of Kutch in the northwest and by the Gulf of Khambhat in the east. In the northeast, it is connected to the rest of Gujarat and borders on the low, fertile hinterland of Ahmedabad. It is crossed by two belts of hill country and is drained radially by nine rivers which have little natural flow aside from in monsoon months, thus dams have been built on some of these. Kathiawar ports have been flourishing centres of trade and commerce since at least the 16th century.
Rajkot is the fourth-largest city in the Indian state of Gujarat after Ahmedabad, Vadodara, and Surat, and is in the centre of the Saurashtra region of Gujarat. Rajkot is the 35th-largest metropolitan area in India, with a population of more than 2 million as of 2021. Rajkot is the 6th cleanest city of India, and it is the 902nd fastest-growing city in the world as of March 2021. The city contains the administrative headquarters of the Rajkot District, 245 km from the state capital Gandhinagar, and is located on the banks of the Aji and Nyari rivers. Rajkot was the capital of the Saurashtra State from 15 April 1948 to 31 October 1956, before its merger with Bombay State on 1 November 1956. Rajkot was reincorporated into Gujarat State on 1 May 1960.
Dwarka is a town and municipality of Devbhumi Dwarka district in the state of Gujarat. It is located on the western shore of the Okhamandal Peninsula on the right bank of the Gomti river at the mouth of the Gulf of Kutch facing the Arabian Sea.
Bhavnagar is a city and the headquarters of Bhavnagar district in the Indian state of Gujarat. It was founded in 1723 by Bhavsinhji Gohil. It was the capital of Bhavnagar State, which was a princely state before it was merged into the Indian Union in February 1948.
The State Bank of Saurashtra was a government-owned bank in India, with its headquarters at Bhavnagar. It was one of the seven Associate Banks of the State Bank of India, with which it merged on 13 August 2008. At the time of the merger, the bank had a network of 423 branches spread over 15 states and the Union Territory of Daman and Diu.
Junagadh district is a district of the Indian state of Gujarat. Its administrative headquarters is the city of Junagadh.
Porbandar district is one of the 33 districts of Gujarat state in western India. The district covers an area of 2,316 km2. It had a population of 5.85,449 of which 48.77% were urban as of the 2011 census. This district was carved out of Junagadh district. It lies on the Kathiawar peninsula. Porbandar city is the administrative headquarters of this district. This district is surrounded by Jamnagar district and Devboomi Dwarka to the north, Junagadh district and Rajkot district to the east and the Arabian Sea to the west and south.
Rajkot district is one of the 33 districts of the Indian state of Gujarat. Located in Saurashtra peninsula, Rajkot city is the administrative headquarters of the district. It is the third-most advanced district in Gujarat and the fourth most populus.
Veraval is a city and the headquarters of Gir Somnath district in the Indian state of Gujarat. Somnath temple, a place of pilgrimage due to its importance as Jyotirlinga site dedicated to Hindu deity Shiva, is located here. It is also known for the hub of fishing industries in India.
Lieutenant-Colonel Maharaja Rana Shri Sir Natwarsinhji Bhavsinhji Sahib Bahadur, KCSI was the last Maharaja of Porbandar belonging to Jethwa dynasty, who ascended the throne of princely state of Porbandar on 10 December 1908 and ruled until his state was merged into India on 15 February 1948.
Dhoraji is a town situated on the banks of the River Safura, a tributary of the River Bhadar. It is a municipality in the Rajkot district in the state of Gujarat, India.
Arya Kanya Gurukul situated at Porbandar, Gujarat, is a girls K-12 boarding school in India.
Nanji Kalidas Mehta, MBE was an Indian industrialist and philanthropist from Gujarat. He found the Mehta Group in British East Africa, with its head office in India. Known as Sheth Nanjibhai. His son Mahendra Mehta, daughter in-law Sunayana Mehta and grandson Jay Mehta now own the Mehta Group.
Kirti Mandir is a small museum at the birthplace of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi in the city of Porbandar, Gujarat, India, memorializing him and his wife, Kasturba Gandhi.
Supedi is a village located in the district of Rajkot in the Indian state of Gujarat. Its population is about 7764 persons, living in around 1750 households.
Wankaner Junction railway station is located in Wankaner city of Morbi district, Gujarat. It is under Rajkot division of Western Railway. Its code is WKR. It has four platforms. Passenger, DEMU, Express, and Superfast trains halt here.
The 19015 / 19016 Saurashtra Express is an express train belonging to Indian Railways that runs between Dadar Western and Porbandar in India.
Palanpur Junction railway station is a major railway station located in Palanpur, Gujarat, India. The railway station is under the administrative control of Western Railway of Indian Railways. Palanpur Junction railway station has five platforms and a total of six tracks.
Jethwa dynasty was a dynasty that ruled over present day Gujarat region of India from 7th century AD till middle of 20th century, when India became independent. It was a Rajput dynasty ruled by Jethwa clan of Rajputs.
Wansjaliya Junction railway station is a railway station serving in Jamnagar district of Gujarat state of India. It is under Bhavnagar railway division of Western Railway zone of Indian Railways. Wansjaliya Junction railway station is 34 km far away from Porbandar. Passenger, Express trains halt here.
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