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| See also: | Other events of 1991 List of years in Somalia | ||||
The following lists events that happened during 1991 in Somalia .
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| See also: | Other events of 1991 List of years in Somalia | ||||
The following lists events that happened during 1991 in Somalia .
Mohamed Farrah Hassan Aidid was a Somali military commander and political leader. A former general and diplomat, he was the chairman of the United Somali Congress (USC) and later led the Somali National Alliance (SNA). Along with other armed opposition groups, they drove out President Mohamed Siad Barre's socialist regime from Somalia's capital Mogadishu during the Somali Civil War that broke out in the early 1990s.
Awdal is an administrative region in Somalia. It was separated from Woqooyi Galbeed and became a province in 1984; it is the most westerly province of Somalia. To the east it borders Maroodi Jeex and to its north-west it borders Djibouti, to its south and south-west lies Ethiopia and the Gulf of Aden to its north. The province has an estimated population of 673,263. The region comprises the four districts of Borama, the regional capital, Baki, Lughaya, and Zeila.
Jaalle Mohamed Siad Barre was a Somali politician who served as the President of the Somali Democratic Republic from 1969 to 1991.
The Somali Democratic Republic was the name that the Marxist–Leninist military government gave to Somalia under President Major General Mohamed Siad Barre, after seizing power in a coup d'état on 21 October 1969. The coup came a few days after a bodyguard assassinated Abdirashid Ali Sharmarke, the nation's second President. Barre's administration ruled Somalia for the next 21 years until Somalia collapsed into anarchy in 1991.
Ali Mahdi Muhammad is a Somali entrepreneur and politician. He served as President of Somalia from January 26, 1991 to January 3, 1997.
The Osmanya script, also known as Far Soomaali and, in Arabic, as al-kitābah al-ʿuthmānīyah, is a writing script created to transcribe the Somali language. It was invented between 1920 and 1922 by Osman Yusuf Kenadid, the son of Sultan Yusuf Ali Kenadid and brother of Sultan Ali Yusuf Kenadid of the Sultanate of Hobyo.
The United Somali Congress (USC) was one of the major rebel organizations in Somalia. Formed in 1987, it played a key role in the ouster of the government of Siad Barre in 1991, and became a target of the Unified Task Force campaign in 1993. Following infighting, the USC later splintered into smaller groups. By 2004, with the establishment of a Transitional National Government (TNG), a process of disarmament was put in motion and some moderate ex-USC leaders were incorporated into the new interim administration.
The Somali Civil War is an ongoing civil war taking place in Somalia. It grew out of resistance to the military junta led by Siad Barre during the 1980s. By 1988–1990, the Somali Armed Forces began engaging various armed rebel groups, including the Somali Salvation Democratic Front in the northeast, the Somali National Movement in the northwest, and the United Somali Congress in the south. The clan-based armed opposition groups eventually managed to overthrow the Barre government in 1991.
Borama is the capital and the largest city of the northwestern Awdal region of Somalia The commercial seat of the province, it is situated near the border with Ethiopia.
The Somali Patriotic Movement is a political party and paramilitary organization in Somalia, and a key faction in the Somali Civil War. Commanded originally Ahmed Omar Jess then by Aden Abdullahi Nur Gabyow, it was based in the southwestern area of the country, and had considerable influence in the leaderless country.
The Somali Rebellion was the beginning of the civil war in Somalia that occurred in the late 1970s and early 1990s. The rebellion started in 1986 when Siad Barre began attacking clan-based dissident groups opposed to his rule with his special forces, the "Red Berets". The dissidents had been becoming more powerful for nearly a decade following his abrupt switch of allegiance from the Soviet Union to the United States and the disastrous Ogaden War of 1977–1978.
Over the course of the Somali Civil War, there have been many revolutionary movements and militia groups run by competing rebel leaders which have held de facto control over vast areas of the country.
The Habr Awal is a major sub-clan of the wider Isaaq clan which is further divided into eight sub-clans of whom the two largest and most prominent are the Sa’ad Musa and the Isse Musa sub-clans. Its members form a part of the Habr Magaadle confederation. The Habr Awal traditionally consists of nomadic pastoralists, coastal people, merchants and farmers. They are historically viewed as an affluent clan relative to other Somali clans. They politically and economically dominate Somaliland and reside in the most economically strategic and fertile lands in Somaliland, as well as dominating the national capital Hargeisa where they make up the majority.
Hussein Kulmiye Afrah was Vice President of Somalia in the era of Siad Barre between 1972 and 1990. He was also a member in the Supreme Revolutionary Council.
Umar Arteh Ghalib or Omer Carte Qalib is a prominent Somali politician. He was Prime Minister of the Somali Democratic Republic from January 24, 1991 to May 1993. previously he served as Foreign Minister from 1969 to 1977. He is belonged to the United Somali Congress.
Osman Yusuf Kenadid, was a Somali poet, writer, teacher and ruler. He created the Osmanya alphabet for writing Somali.
Aden Abdullahi Nur, also known as Aadan Gabyow was Somali politician and a military general in the Somali National Army. He served as Minister of Defence under President Siad Barre from 1986 to 1988.
Musa Bihi Abdi is a Somali politician and former military officer who has been President of Somaliland since December 2017. During the 1970s, he served as a pilot in the Somali Air Force under the Siad Barre administration. In 2010, Bihi was appointed the Chairman of the ruling Kulmiye in the self-declared Republic of Somaliland. In November 2015, Bihi was selected as the party's Presidential Candidate at the 5th annual central committee convention.
The following lists events that happened during 1990 in Somalia.
The following lists events that happened during 1969 in Somalia.