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6 Heads of Federal Subjects from 89 | ||
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Gubernatorial elections in 1994 took place in six regions of the Russian Federation. Chairmen of the Supreme Soviets of the four autonomous republics were elected presidents that year continuing the process of disbanding of the Soviets system, which began with dispersal of the Supreme Soviet of Russia in October 1993.
| Federal Subject [1] | Date | Incumbent | Incumbent status | Candidates | Governor-elect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| North Ossetia | 16 January | Akhsarbek Galazov | Chairman of the Supreme Soviet |
| Akhsarbek Galazov |
| Ingushetia | 27 February | Ruslan Aushev | Elected 1993 |  Ruslan Aushev 94.2% (ran unopposed) | Ruslan Aushev [2] |
| Irkutsk Oblast | 27 March | Yury Nozhikov | Appointed 1991 | Yury Nozhikov 78.2% | Yury Nozhikov |
| Karelia | 17 April | Viktor Stepanov | Chairman of the Supreme Soviet | Viktor Stepanov 68.6% (ran unopposed) | Viktor Stepanov |
| Komi | 8 May | Yury Spiridonov | Chairman of the Supreme Soviet |
| Yury Spiridonov |
| Buryatia | 16 June, 30 June | Leonid Potapov | Chairman of the Supreme Soviet |
| Leonid Potapov |
The politics of Russia take place in the framework of the federal semi-presidential republic of Russia. According to the Constitution of Russia, the President of Russia is head of state, and of a multi-party system with executive power exercised by the government, headed by the Prime Minister, who is appointed by the President with the parliament's approval. Legislative power is vested in the two houses of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, while the President and the government issue numerous legally binding by-laws. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union at the end of 1991, Russia has seen serious challenges in its efforts to forge a political system to follow nearly seventy-five years of Soviet governance. For instance, leading figures in the legislative and executive branches have put forth opposing views of Russia's political direction and the governmental instruments that should be used to follow it. That conflict reached a climax in September and October 1993, when President Boris Yeltsin used military force to dissolve the parliament and called for new legislative elections. This event marked the end of Russia's first constitutional period, which was defined by the much-amended constitution adopted by the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic in 1978. A new constitution, creating a strong presidency, was approved by referendum in December 1993.
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Ivan Stepanovich Silayev is a former Soviet and Russian politician. He served as Prime Minister of the Soviet Union through the offices of chairman of the Committee on the Operational Management of the Soviet economy and chairman of the Inter-republican or Interstate Economic Committee. Responsible for overseeing the economy of the Soviet Union during the late Gorbachev Era, he was the last head of government of the Soviet Union, succeeding Valentin Pavlov.
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