 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
All 442 seats in the State Duma 223 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 |
|---|
 Russiaportal |
Legislative elections were held in the Russian Empire in October 1907. They were the second that year after the dissolution of the Second State Duma. The Union of October 17 emerged as the largest party in the third State Duma, winning 125 of the 442 seats. [1]
| Party | Seats | |
|---|---|---|
| Union of October 17 | 125 | |
| Nationalists | 90 | |
| Constitutional Democratic Party | 53 | |
| Right-wing | 51 | |
| Progressive Party–Party of Peaceful Renovation | 39 | |
| Russian Social Democratic Labour Party | 19 | |
| Trudoviks | 13 | |
| Right-wing Octobrists | 11 | |
| Polskie Koło | 11 | |
| Muslim Group | 8 | |
| Polish–Lithuanian–Belarusian Group | 7 | |
| Independents | 15 | |
| Total | 442 | |
| Source: Great Russian Encyclopedia | ||
The politics of Russia take place in the framework of the federal semi-presidential republic of Russia. According to the Constitution of Russia, the President of Russia is head of state, and of a multi-party system with executive power exercised by the government, headed by the Prime Minister, who is appointed by the President with the parliament's approval. Legislative power is vested in the two houses of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, while the President and the government issue numerous legally binding by-laws. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union at the end of 1991, Russia has seen serious challenges in its efforts to forge a political system to follow nearly seventy-five years of Soviet governance. For instance, leading figures in the legislative and executive branches have put forth opposing views of Russia's political direction and the governmental instruments that should be used to follow it. That conflict reached a climax in September and October 1993, when President Boris Yeltsin used military force to dissolve the parliament and called for new legislative elections. This event marked the end of Russia's first constitutional period, which was defined by the much-amended constitution adopted by the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic in 1978. A new constitution, creating a strong presidency, was approved by referendum in December 1993.
A duma is a Russian assembly with advisory or legislative functions.
The chairman of the government of the Russian Federation, also informally known as the prime minister, is the head of government of Russia. Although the post dates back to 1905, its current form was established on 12 December 1993 following the introduction of a new constitution.
The All-Russian Political Party "United Russia" is the ruling political party of Russia. As the largest party in the Russian Federation, it holds 325 of the 450 seats in the State Duma as of 2022, having constituted the majority in the chamber since 2007.
The Constitutional Democratic Party, also called Constitutional Democrats and formally the Party of People's Freedom, was a political party in the Russian Empire that promoted Western constitutional monarchy—among other policies—and attracted a base ranging from moderate conservatives to mild socialists. Party members were called Kadets from the abbreviation K-D of the party name. Konstantin Kavelin's and Boris Chicherin's writings formed the theoretical basis of the party's platform. Historian Pavel Miliukov was the party's leader throughout its existence.
The State Duma, commonly abbreviated in Russian as Gosduma, is the lower house of the Federal Assembly of Russia, while the upper house is the Federation Council. The Duma headquarters are located in central Moscow, a few steps from Manege Square. Its members are referred to as deputies. The State Duma replaced the Supreme Soviet as a result of the new constitution introduced by Boris Yeltsin in the aftermath of the Russian constitutional crisis of 1993, and approved in a nationwide referendum.
The Union of 17 October, commonly known as the Octobrist Party, was a liberal-reformist constitutional monarchist political party in late Imperial Russia. It represented moderately right-wing, anti-revolutionary, and constitutionalist views.
The Federal Assembly is the national legislature of the Russian Federation, according to the Constitution of the Russian Federation (1993). It was preceded by the Supreme Soviet of Russia.
The Federation Council, or Senate, is the upper house of the Federal Assembly of Russia, according to the 1993 Constitution of the Russian Federation.
A Just Russia – For Truth, formerly A Just Russia (SR), also referred to as Fair Russia, is a social conservative and social-democratic political party in Russia. The party is considered to be part of the "systemic opposition", but is generally sympathetic to the agenda of incumbent president Vladimir Putin, including his foreign policy.
Unity was a Russian political party that was created on 3 October 1999, supported by Russia’s President Boris Yeltsin, Prime Minister Vladimir Putin and dozens of Russian governors to counter the threat which the Kremlin perceived from the Fatherland-All Russia alliance. It was also unofficially dubbed "Medved’" or "Medvedi" (bears), as "MeDvEd" was an acronym of its full name. Later the party adopted a brown bear for its symbol.
The State Duma, also known as the Imperial Duma, was the lower house of the legislature in the Russian Empire, while the upper house was the State Council. It held its meetings in the Tauride Palace in Saint Petersburg. It convened four times between 27 April 1906 and the collapse of the empire in February 1917. The first and the second dumas were more democratic and represented a greater number of national types than their successors. The third duma was dominated by gentry, landowners, and businessmen. The fourth duma held five sessions; it existed until 2 March 1917, and was formally dissolved on 6 October 1917.
Legislative elections were held in the Russian Empire from 26 March to 20 April 1906. At stake were the 497 seats in the State Duma of the Russian Empire, the legislative assembly. Election for the First State Duma, which only ran from 27 April to 8 July (O.S.) 1906, returned a significant bloc of moderate socialists and two liberal parties which demanded further reforms. For this reason, it is sometimes called the Duma of Public Anger.
The Vyborg Manifesto ; also called the Vyborg Appeal) was a proclamation signed by several Russian politicians, primarily Kadets and Trudoviks) of the dissolved First Duma on 22 July [O.S. 9 July] 1906.
The Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, also known as the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party or the Russian Social Democratic Party, was a socialist political party founded in 1898 in Minsk.
Valery Fyodorovich Rashkin is a Russian politician who was a deputy for the Communist Party in the State Duma in 2000–2022. From March 2003 to April 2021, he was a member of the Presidium of the party's Central Committee.
Olga Timofeeva is a deputy for the United Russia party in the 7th State Duma of the Russian Federation and former journalist. She is Deputy chairman of the State Duma since 9 October 2017. Previously she was head of the Ecology and Environmental Protection committee. Honorary citizen of the city of Stavropol (2014).
New People is a political party in Russia formed in 2020. New People is considered a liberal party, and observers also often refer to it as centrist or centre-right.The party opposes many policies of the incumbent United Russia government, although it has adopted an agnostic to moderately supportive stance towards Vladimir Putin specifically. Its abstention in the vote to recognise the Donetsk and Luhansk people's republics is an example. It has therefore been described by critics as a spoiler that attracts young and liberal voters.New People is led by cosmetic company Faberlic founder Alexey Nechayev since its first party congress, held on August 8, 2020, in Moscow. Alexander Davankov is the head of the party executive committee.The party won 5.43% of the nationwide vote in the 2021 Russian legislative election, gaining 13 seats.
The State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of the 8th convocation is the current convocation of the lower house of Russian parliament.
Artem Viktorovich Turov is a Russian political figure and a deputy of the 6th, 7th and 8th State Dumas.
