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28 February – 26 December 1993 | |
12 Heads of Federal Subjects from 89 | |
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 1993 Russian regional elections:
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Gubernatorial elections in 1993 took place in twelve regions of the Russian Federation.
| Federal Subject [1] | Date | Leadership before election | Candidates | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ingushetia | 28 February | Viktor Polyanichko, head of provisional administration |  Ruslan Aushev 99.9%(ran unopposed) | New president elected. |
| Kalmykia | 11 April | Ilya Bugdayev, chairman of the Supreme Soviet Maksim Mukubenov, acting premier |
| New president elected. |
| Lipetsk Oblast [2] | 11 April | Gennady Kuptsov (removed) Vladimir Zaytsev (acting) |
| Acting governor lost election. New governor elected. |
| Oryol Oblast [3] | 11 April | Nikolay Yudin |
| Incumbent lost election. New governor elected. |
| Penza Oblast [2] | 11 April | Aleksandr Kondratyev |
| Incumbent lost election. New governor elected. |
| Krasnoyarsk Krai [4] [5] [6] | 11 April (first round) | Arkady Veprev (resigned) Valery Zubov (acting) |
| Acting governor elected for a full term. |
| 25 April (runoff) |
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| Amur Oblast [8] | 11 April (first round) | Albert Krivchenko |
| Incumbent lost election. New governor elected. |
| 25 April (runoff) |
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| Bryansk Oblast [9] | 11 April (first round) | Vladimir Barabanov |
| Incumbent lost election. New governor elected. |
| 25 April (runoff) |
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| Chelyabinsk Oblast [10] | 11 April (first round) | Vadim Solovyov |
| Incumbent did not stand for election. New governor elected. Disputed government. [11] |
| 25 April (runoff) |
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| Smolensk Oblast [12] | 25 April | Valery Fateyev |
| Incumbent lost election. New governor elected. |
| Bashkortostan [13] | 12 December | Murtaza Rakhimov, chairman of the Supreme Soviet Anatoly Kopsov, premier |
| New president elected. [14] |
| Chuvashia [13] [15] | 12 December (first round) | Eduard Kubarev, chairman of the Supreme Soviet Valeryan Viktorov, premier |
| New president elected. |
| 26 December (runoff) |
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Following the escalation of 1993 Russian constitutional crisis the governors had to choose whether to support the parliament or the president. Those who chose the losing side, were later removed from office by the president. Among them were governors of Amur and Bryansk Oblasts Aleksandr Surat and Yury Lodkin, [16] both serving only six months.
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12 December 1993 (first round) 26 December 1993 (second round) | ||||||||||||||||
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Presidential election was held in the Chuvash Republic on 12 December 1993, two years after the unsuccessful 1991 election. Since none of the seven candidates received the required majority, a second round took place on 26 December. Former justice minister of Russia Nikolay Fyodorov was elected president with 55% of the vote, defeating university chief executive Lev Kurakov and premier Valeryan Viktorov. Fyodorov was sworn in on 21 January 1994. [17]
Source: [18]
| Candidate | Running mate | First round [19] | % [15] [13] | Second round [19] | % [15] [13] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nikolay Fyodorov | Enver Ablyakimov | 147,475 | 24.88% | 269,284 | 55.06% |
| Lev Kurakov | Boris Yakovlev | 129,486 | 21.85% | 189,769 | 38.80% |
| Valeryan Viktorov | Leonid Prokopyev | 107,070 | 18.0% | ||
| Vladimir Fyodorov | Yevgeny Yaransky | 61,482 | 10.4% | ||
| Atner Khuzangai | Vasily Antonov | 37,139 | 6.3% | ||
| Eduard Kubarev | Vladimir Kirgizov | 22,002 | 3.71% | ||
| Leonid Ivanov | Nikolay Malchugin | 4,333 | 0.7% | ||
| Against all | 33,532 | 5.7% | 4.68% | ||
| Invalid ballots | 49,836 | 8.4% | 1.45% | ||
| Turnout | 592,355 | 62.3% | 489,066 | 52.03% | |
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28 February 1993 | |||||||||||||||||||
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On 28 February 1993, presidential elections were held in Ingushetia. Major General Ruslan Aushev, formerly head of provisional administration of Ingushetia, ran unopposed with the support of several Ingush nationalist organisations. He was sworn in as president on 7 March 1993. [22] A snap election was held a year after, along with the constitutional referendum and election of the People's Assembly.
The primary political issue of the election was the 1992 East Prigorodny conflict and the subsequent ethnic cleansing of Ingush in Prigorodny District. All of the groups supporting Aushev urged for further attention towards Ingush refugees, but disagreed on the republic's future relationship towards Russia; the National Front of Ingushetia, a party comprising supporters of Aushev's campaign, supported a takeover of Prigorodny District by the Russian federal government, [20] while Nijsxo and the Congress of the Ingush People urged for a reassessment of the relationship. The Congress of the Ingush People called for the withdrawal of all Russian troops from Ingushetia, [23] and Nijsxo would go on to oppose the signing of the Treaty of Federation after Aushev took office. [20]
Following the election, Aushev signed a decree on 7 March 1993 banning all political organisations in Ingushetia. [23]
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11 April 1993 | ||||||||||||||||
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 Winner by district: Kirsan Ilyumzhinov Valery Ochirov | ||||||||||||||||
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Presidential election in the Republic of Kalmykia was held on Sunday, 11 April 1993, 17 months after the previous voting of 1991, which did not reveal the winner. People's deputy of Russia Kirsan Ilyumzhinov won the presidency with 65.37% of the vote, [21] defeating deputy commander of Russia's army aviation General Valery Ochirov (29.22%) [25] and president of the Farmers Association of Kalmykia Vladimir Bambayev (1.55%). [26] Aged 31, Ilyumzhinov became the youngest holder of governor-level office in Russia. [27]
After the power struggle between Supreme Soviet speaker Vladimir Basanov and premier Batyr Mikhailov ended with their simultaneous resignation in 1992, the government of Kalmykia was effectively paralysed. During the campaign Ilyumzhinov and Ochirov quickly emerged as frontrunners, both outsiders to local politics in contrast to unpopular career politicians. Ilyumzhinov's candidacy was supported by a coalition of Kalmyk nationalists, anti-communist reformists and Cossacks. [24] Around 80% of eligible voters took part in the election, [26] although as many as 80,000 Soviet-era settlers from Chechnya and Dagestan were disenfranchised from voting. [24]
