1993 Russian gubernatorial elections

1993 Russian gubernatorial elections

←  1992 28 February – 26 December 1993 1994  →
12 Heads of Federal Subjects from 89
1993 Russian regional elections:   Gubernatorial   Gubernatorial (of another subject)   Legislative   Legislative (of another subject)   Referendum   Referendum and gubernatorial   Referendum and legislative

Gubernatorial elections in 1993 took place in twelve regions of the Russian Federation.

Race summary

Federal Subject [1]	Date	Leadership before election	Candidates	Result
Ingushetia	28 February	Viktor Polyanichko, head of provisional administration	Y Ruslan Aushev 99.9% (ran unopposed)	New president elected.
Kalmykia	11 April	Ilya Bugdayev, chairman of the Supreme Soviet Maksim Mukubenov, acting premier	Y Kirsan Ilyumzhinov 65.37% Valery Ochirov 29.22%	New president elected.
Lipetsk Oblast [2]	11 April	Gennady Kuptsov (removed) Vladimir Zaytsev (acting)	Y Mikhail Narolin 49.82% Vitaly Bezrukov 7.79% Vladimir Zaytsev 5.28% Gennady Kuptsov 4.81%	Acting governor lost election. New governor elected.
Oryol Oblast [3]	11 April	Nikolay Yudin	Y Yegor Stroyev 52.87% Nikolay Yudin 34.18% V. Reshetnikov 6.9%	Incumbent lost election. New governor elected.
Penza Oblast [2]	11 April	Aleksandr Kondratyev	Y Anatoly Kovlyagin 70.97% Mikhail Durasov 6.68% Aleksandr Kondratyev 2.56%	Incumbent lost election. New governor elected.
Krasnoyarsk Krai [4] [5]	11 April (first round)	Arkady Veprev (resigned) Valery Zubov (acting)	Valery Zubov 51.3% [a] Valery Sergiyenko 16.4% Pyotr Romanov 10.9%	Acting governor elected for a full term.
	25 April (runoff)		Y Valery Zubov 73.12% Valery Sergiyenko 19%
Amur Oblast [7]	11 April (first round)	Albert Krivchenko	Aleksandr Surat 34.76% Nikolay Kolyadinsky 30.42% Boris Vinogradov 7.49% Albert Krivchenko 6.03% Boris Kashpura 5.69% Aleksandr Sadovsky 5.64%	Incumbent lost election. New governor elected.
	25 April (runoff)		Y Aleksandr Surat 52.91% Nikolay Kolyadinsky 44.56%
Bryansk Oblast [8]	11 April (first round)	Vladimir Barabanov	Vladimir Barabanov 33.8% Yury Lodkin (CPRF) 29.3% Pyotr Shirshov 9.4%	Incumbent lost election. New governor elected.
	25 April (runoff)		Y Yury Lodkin (CPRF) 51.4% Vladimir Barabanov 44.9%
Chelyabinsk Oblast [9]	11 April (first round)	Vadim Solovyov	Pyotr Sumin 58.38% [a] Vladimir Grigoriadi 6.37%	Incumbent did not stand for election. New governor elected. Disputed government. [10]
	25 April (runoff)		Y Pyotr Sumin 48.19% Vladimir Grigoriadi 35.38%
Smolensk Oblast [11]	25 April	Valery Fateyev	Y Anatoly Glushenkov 41.2% Valery Fateyev 30.5% A. Bogdanovich 8.2%	Incumbent lost election. New governor elected.
Bashkortostan [12]	12 December	Murtaza Rakhimov, chairman of the Supreme Soviet Anatoly Kopsov, premier	Y Murtaza Rakhimov 64.01% Rafis Kadyrov 28.45%	New president elected. [13]
Chuvashia [12] [14]	12 December (first round)	Eduard Kubarev, chairman of the Supreme Soviet Valeryan Viktorov, premier	Nikolay Fyodorov 24.88% Lev Kurakov 21.85% Valeryan Viktorov 18.0% Vladimir Fyodorov 10.4% Atner Khuzangai 6.3%	New president elected.
	26 December (runoff)		Y Nikolay Fyodorov 55.06% Lev Kurakov 38.80%

Following the escalation of 1993 Russian constitutional crisis the governors had to choose whether to support the parliament or the president. Those who chose the losing side, were later removed from office by the president. Among them were governors of Amur and Bryansk Oblasts Aleksandr Surat and Yury Lodkin, ^[15] both serving only six months.

Chuvashia

1993 Chuvash presidential election

←  1991 12 December 1993 (first round) 26 December 1993 (second round) 1997  →

Candidate Nikolay Fyodorov Lev Kurakov Running mate Enver Ablyakimov Boris Yakovlev Percentage 55.06% 38.80%

Chairman of the Supreme Soviet [b] before election Eduard Kubarev Elected president Nikolay Fyodorov

Presidential election was held in the Chuvash Republic on 12 December 1993, two years after the unsuccessful 1991 election. Since none of the seven candidates received the required majority, a second round took place on 26 December. Former justice minister of Russia Nikolay Fyodorov was elected president with 55% of the vote, defeating university chief executive Lev Kurakov and premier Valeryan Viktorov. Fyodorov was sworn in on 21 January 1994. ^[16]

Candidates

• Nikolay Fyodorov, minister of justice of Russia (1990–93), DPR party-list candidate in the concurrent State Duma election (won seat, declined to take)
  • Enver Ablyakimov, member of the Supreme Soviet of Chuvashia, construction executive
• Vladimir Fyodorov, director of Chuvash territorial branch of the State Anti-Monopoly Committee of Russia
  • Yevgeny Yaransky, collective farm chairman
• Leonid Ivanov, head of department, Chuvash State University
  • Nikolay Malchugin, prosecutor of Novocheboksarsk
• Atner Khuzangai, member of the Supreme Soviet of Chuvashia, leader of the Chuvash National Congress, nominal winner of the 1991 election
  • Vasily Antonov, entrepreneur
• Eduard Kubarev, chairman of the Supreme Soviet of Chuvashia, 1991 candidate
  • Vladimir Kirgizov, construction executive
• Lev Kurakov, rector of the Chuvash State University, member of the Supreme Soviet of Chuvashia, candidate in the concurrent Federation Council election (won seat)
  • Boris Yakovlev, first deputy chairman of the Supreme Soviet of Chuvashia
• Valeryan Viktorov, chairman of the Council of Ministers of Chuvashia (1992–94), candidate in the concurrent Federation Council election (won seat)
  • Leonid Prokopyev, chairman of the State Committee for Ethnic Affairs of Russia (1990–91), chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Chuvash ASSR (1975–89), 1991 election runner-up

Withdrew

• Nadezhda Bikalova, economist (ran for State Duma, won seat)

Source: ^[17]

Results

Candidate	Running mate	First round [14] [12]	Second round [14] [12]
Nikolay Fyodorov	Enver Ablyakimov	24.88%	55.06%
Lev Kurakov	Boris Yakovlev	21.85%	38.80%
Valeryan Viktorov	Leonid Prokopyev	18.0%
Vladimir Fyodorov	Yevgeny Yaransky	10.4%
Atner Khuzangai	Vasily Antonov	6.3%
Eduard Kubarev	Vladimir Kirgizov	3.71%
Leonid Ivanov	Nikolay Malchugin	0.7%
None of the above		5.7%	4.68%
Invalid ballots		8.4%	1.45%
Turnout		62.3%	52.03%

Ingushetia

1993 Ingush presidential election

28 February 1993 1994  →

Candidate Ruslan Aushev Party Independent Alliance Union of National Accord [18] Congress of the Ingush People National Front of Ingushetia Nijsxo Union for Orstkhoy Revival Union of Officers of Ingushetia Union of Women of Ingushetia Running mate Boris Agapov Percentage 99.94% [19]

On 28 February 1993, presidential elections were held in Ingushetia. Major General Ruslan Aushev, formerly head of provisional administration of Ingushetia, ran unopposed with the support of several Ingush nationalist organisations. He was sworn in as president on 7 March 1993. ^[20] A snap election was held a year after, along with the constitutional referendum and election of the People's Assembly.

The primary political issue of the election was the 1992 East Prigorodny conflict and the subsequent ethnic cleansing of Ingush in Prigorodny District. All of the groups supporting Aushev urged for further attention towards Ingush refugees, but disagreed on the republic's future relationship towards Russia; the National Front of Ingushetia, a party comprising supporters of Aushev's campaign, supported a takeover of Prigorodny District by the Russian federal government, ^[18] while Nijsxo and the Congress of the Ingush People urged for a reassessment of the relationship. The Congress of the Ingush People called for the withdrawal of all Russian troops from Ingushetia, ^[21] and Nijsxo would go on to oppose the signing of the Treaty of Federation after Aushev took office. ^[18]

Following the election, Aushev signed a decree on 7 March 1993 banning all political organisations in Ingushetia. ^[21]

Kalmykia

1993 Kalmyk presidential election

←  1991 11 April 1993 1995  →

Candidate Kirsan Ilyumzhinov Running mate Valery Bogdanov [22] Percentage 65.37% [19]

Presidential election in the Republic of Kalmykia was held on Sunday, 11 April 1993, 17 months after the previous voting of 1991, which did not reveal the winner. People's deputy of Russia Kirsan Ilyumzhinov won the presidency, defeating General Valery Ochirov (29.22%) ^[23] and president of the Farmers Association of Kalmykia Vladimir Bambayev (1.55%). ^[24] Aged 31, Ilyumzhinov became the youngest holder of governor-level office in Russia. ^[25]

Notes

1. Won majority of the votes cast but less than 25% of eligible voters as was required by local law. ^[6]
2. Parliamentary speaker and nominal head of state.

References

1. Gubernatorial elections — 1993, politika.su
2. Ivanov 2019, p. 258-259.
3. Kynev 2020, p. 86.
4. Kynev 2020, p. 84.
5. Valery Mikhailovich Zubov, "Federal Investigation Agency"
6. Kynev 2020, p. 84, 87.
7. Избирательная комиссия Амурской области (2013). Избирательной системе Российской Федерации 20 лет (PDF) (in Russian). p. 16.
8. Kynev 2020, p. 85.
9. Ivanov 2019, p. 260-261.
10. Зыкова, Валерия. "Челябинское противостояние. Май — июль 1993 года" [Chelyabinsk confrontation. May-July 1993]. International Institute for Humanities and Political Studies (in Russian). Retrieved 9 November 2025.
11. Kynev 2020, p. 88.
12. Ivanov 2019, p. 320-321.
13. Шумилова, Марина (25 December 2003). "Инаугурация президента Башкортостана совпадает с десятилетием института президентства в республике" [Inauguration of the president of Bashkortostan coincides with the 10th anniversary of the presidency]. Bashinform (in Russian). Retrieved 29 January 2026.
14. "Чувашская Республика в декабре 1993 года" [Chuvash Republic in December 1993]. International Institute for Humanitaries and Political Studies (in Russian). Retrieved 30 January 2026.
15. Decree of the President of Russia of September 25, 1993 No. 1453 "On the Head of administration of Bryansk Oblast", kremlin.ru
16. "История выборов и назначений главы Чувашской Республики" [History of elections and appointments of the head of the Chuvash Republic]. TASS (in Russian). 11 September 2020. Retrieved 30 January 2026.
17. "Чувашская Республика в ноябре 1993 года" [Chuvash Republic in November 1993]. International Institute for Humanitaries and Political Studies (in Russian). Retrieved 30 January 2026.
18. Muzayev, Timur. "Этнический сепаратизм в России" [Ethnic Separatism in Russia](PDF). SOVA Center (in Russian). p. 166-167. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
19. Ivanov 2019, p. 268.
20. "20 лет назад — 28 февраля 1993 года – был избран Первый Президент Ингушетии Руслан Аушев". 06news.ru (in Russian). 28 February 2013. Archived from the original on 21 January 2015.
21. Muzayev, Timur. "Этнический сепаратизм в России" [Ethnic Separatism in Russia](PDF). SOVA Center (in Russian). p. 163. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
22. "Богданов Валерий Петрович". gorod-elista.ru (in Russian).
23. Ivanov 2019, p. 269.
24. Kynev 2020, p. 83.
25. "Лицом к событию: Кирсан Илюмжинов". RFE/RL (in Russian). 22 July 2001. Archived from the original on 1 May 2020.

Sources

• Ivanov, Vitaly (2019). Глава субъекта Российской Федерации. История губернаторов[Head of the subject of the Russian Federation. History of governors] (in Russian). ISBN   978-5-907250-14-7.
• Kynev, Alexander (2020). Губернаторы в России: между выборами и назначениями [Governors in Russia: Between Elections and Appointments] (in Russian). ISBN   978-5-903135-68-4.