1912 Russian legislative election

Last updated
1912 Russian legislative election
Flag of Russia.svg
  October 1907 September 1912 1917  

All 442 seats in the State Duma
222 seats needed for a majority
 Majority partyMinority partyThird party
  Guchkov.jpg PavelMiliukovMinistroDeExterioresMarzo1917--russiainrevolut00jone.jpg Ivan Efremov Crop.jpg
Leader Alexander Guchkov Pavel Milyukov Ivan Yefryemov
Party Octobrist Cadet Progressists
Seats won985948

 Fourth partyFifth party
  MartovW.jpg AladinAF1907 Crop.jpg
Leader Julius Martov Aleksei Aladin
Party RSDLP Trudoviks
Seats won1410

Chairman before election

Mikhail Rodzianko
Union of October 17

Chairman-designate

Mikhail Rodzianko
Union of October 17

Legislative elections were held in the Russian Empire in September 1912 to elect the fourth State Duma. [1]

Contents

Results

Around 51% of those elected were nobles, the highest during the Tsarist era. [1] Both the right- and left-wing increased their representation in the Duma; right-wing candidates won 153 seats and left-wingers 152, whilst the centrists, including the Union of October 17, were reduced to 130 seats. [1]

PartySeats
Nationalists120
Union of October 17 98
Right-wing65
Constitutional Democratic Party 59
Progressive Party 48
Autonomists21
Russian Social Democratic Labour Party 14
Trudoviks 10
Independents7
Total442

Aftermath

Following the elections, the Union of October 17 became an opposition party due to its harassment by the government during the election. [1]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Liberal Democratic Party of Russia</span> Far-right Russian nationalist political party

LDPR — Liberal Democratic Party of Russia is a Russian ultranationalist and right-wing populist political party in Russia. It succeeded the Liberal Democratic Party of the Soviet Union (LDPSU) in Russia after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The party was led by Vladimir Zhirinovsky since its inception until his death in April 2022. Opposing both communism and capitalism of the 1990s, the party scored a major success in the 1993 Duma elections with almost 23% of the vote, giving it 64 seats of the 450 seats in the State Duma. In the 2021 elections, the party received 7.55% of the vote, giving it 21 seats.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova</span> Communist party in Moldova

The Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova is a communist party in Moldova led by Vladimir Voronin. It is the only communist party to have held a majority government in the post-Soviet states. It has been variously described as communist, Moldovenist, populist, Russophile, and pro-Soviet.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Constitutional Democratic Party</span> 1905–1917 Russian centrist political party

The Constitutional Democratic Party, also called Constitutional Democrats and formally the Party of People's Freedom, was a political party in the Russian Empire that promoted Western constitutional monarchy—among other policies—and attracted a base ranging from moderate conservatives to mild socialists. Party members were called Kadets from the abbreviation K-D of the party name. Konstantin Kavelin's and Boris Chicherin's writings formed the theoretical basis of the party's platform. Historian Pavel Miliukov was the party's leader throughout its existence.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Union of Right Forces</span> Political party in Russia

The Union of Right Forces, was a Russian liberal-conservative political public organization and former party, initially founded as an electoral bloc in 1999 and associated with free market reforms, privatization, and the legacy of the "young reformers" of the 1990s: Anatoly Chubais, Boris Nemtsov, Sergey Kiriyenko and Yegor Gaidar. The party officially self-dissolved in 2008. Nikita Belykh was the party's last leader from 2005 to 2008.

Within Russian political parties, liberal parties advocate the expansion of political and civil freedoms and mostly oppose Vladimir Putin. In Russia, the term "liberal" can refer to wide range of politicians—simultaneously to Thatcherism/Reaganomics-related pro-capitalism conservative politicians, to centre-right liberal politicians and to left-liberal politicians. The term "liberal democrats" is often used for members of the far-right nationalist Liberal Democratic Party of Russia. There are Russian opposition and pro-government liberal political parties in Russia. Pro-government liberal politicians support Putin's policy in economics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">State Duma</span> Lower house of Federal Assembly of Russia

The State Duma, commonly abbreviated in Russian as Gosduma, is the lower house of the Federal Assembly of Russia, while the upper house is the Federation Council. The Duma headquarters are located in central Moscow, a few steps from Manege Square. Its members are referred to as deputies. The State Duma replaced the Supreme Soviet as a result of the new constitution introduced by Boris Yeltsin in the aftermath of the Russian constitutional crisis of 1993, and approved in a nationwide referendum.

The Union of 17 October, commonly known as the Octobrist Party, was a liberal-reformist constitutional monarchist political party in late Imperial Russia. It represented moderately right-wing, anti-revolutionary, and constitutionalist views.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elections in Cyprus</span> Overview of elections and election results in Cyprus

At the national level, the Republic of Cyprus holds elections for its head of state, the President of Cyprus, and for its legislature, the House of Representatives.

The Trudoviks were a democratic socialist political party of Russia in the early 20th century.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">A Just Russia – For Truth</span> Political party in Russia

A Just Russia – For Truth, formerly A Just Russia (SR), also referred to as Fair Russia, is a social conservative and social-democratic political party in Russia. The party is considered to be part of the "systemic opposition", but is generally sympathetic to the agenda of incumbent president Vladimir Putin, including his foreign policy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">State Duma (Russian Empire)</span> Legislative assembly in the Russian Empire

The State Duma, also known as the Imperial Duma, was the lower house of the legislature in the Russian Empire, while the upper house was the State Council. It held its meetings in the Tauride Palace in Saint Petersburg. It convened four times between 27 April 1906 and the collapse of the empire in February 1917. The first and the second dumas were more democratic and represented a greater number of national types than their successors. The third duma was dominated by gentry, landowners, and businessmen. The fourth duma held five sessions; it existed until 2 March 1917, and was formally dissolved on 6 October 1917.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lithuanian Democratic Party</span> Established on 17 October 1902

The Lithuanian Democratic Party was a political party in Lithuania. The original party was established in 1902. It published newspapers Lietuvos ūkininkas (1905–1918) and Lietuvos žinios (1909–1915). During World War I, the party split into several other parties and was disbanded in 1920. A new party under the same name was established in 1989.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1995 Russian legislative election</span>

Legislative election were held in Russia on 17 December 1995. At stake were the 450 seats in the State Duma, the lower house of the Federal Assembly.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Democratic Party of Russia</span> Political party in Russia

The Democratic Party of Russia or DPR is a conservative Russian political party that was founded in 1990. Under the leadership of Andrey Bogdanov, the party advocated the entry of Russia into the European Union. In 2008, the party merged with several others to form the Right Cause. It was re-established as a party and officially registered again in 2012.

Right Cause (PD), officially the All-Russian Political Party “Right Cause”, was an officially registered centre-right Russian political party that existed from 2008 to 2016. It was created from the merger of three parties: Civilian Power, the Democratic Party of Russia (DPR), and the Union of Right Forces, and it declared itself liberal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2009 Moscow City Duma election</span>

The elections for the 5th convocation of the Moscow City Duma took place on 11 October 2009. Out of the 35 deputies, 18 were elected through party lists using proportional representation, while the remaining 17 were elected from single-member constituencies. In order to secure seats in the City Duma through proportional representation, parties needed to surpass a 7% popular vote threshold. The term of office for the newly elected City Duma members is five years, which was extended from the previous four-year term.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Socialist Revolutionary Party</span> 1902–1921 major political party in Russia

The Socialist Revolutionary Party, also known as Party of Socialist-Revolutionaries or Social Revolutionary Party, was a major political party in late Imperial Russia, during both phases of the Russian Revolution, and in early Soviet Russia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Communists of Russia</span> Communist party in Russia, founded in 2009

The Communist Party "Communists of Russia" or simply Communists of Russia is an anti-revisionist Marxist–Leninist communist party in Russia. Communists of Russia was founded in May 2009 as a public non-commercial organisation, and officially registered as a political party in April 2012.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oksana Dmitriyeva</span> Russian politician and economist

Oksana Genrikhovna Dmitriyeva is a Russian politician and economist, who currently serves as a deputy of the State Duma since 2021, having previously served in the position from 1993 to 2016. A former government minister in the administration of Boris Yeltsin, she is the most senior member of the Party of Growth in the national legislature and was so in her local legislature.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Liberal Russia</span> Liberal Russian political party

The Liberal Russia was a liberal Russian political party in the first half of the 2000s.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Theofanis G. Stavrou (1969) Russia Under the Last Tsar U of Minnesota Press, p108