Politics in Portugal operates as a unitary multi-party semi-presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the Prime Minister of Portugal is the head of government, and the President of Portugal is the non-executive head of state which, although it is a somewhat ceremonial figure, has some significant political powers they exercise often. Executive power is exercised by the Government, whose leader is the prime minister. Legislative power is primarily vested in the Assembly of the Republic, although the government is also able to legislate on certain matters. The Judiciary of Portugal is independent of the executive and the legislature. The President exerts a sort of "moderating power", not easily classified into any of the traditional three branches of government.
The Socialist Party is a social-democratic political party in Portugal. It was founded on 19 April 1973 in the German city of Bad Münstereifel by militants who were at the time with the Portuguese Socialist Action. The PS is a member of the Socialist International, Progressive Alliance and Party of European Socialists, and has eight members in the European Parliament within the Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats group during the 10th European Parliament.
The Social Democratic Party is a liberal-conservative political party in Portugal that is currently the country's ruling party. Commonly known by its colloquial initials PSD, on ballot papers its initials appear as its official form PPD/PSD, with the first three letters coming from the party's original name, the Democratic People's Party. A party of the centre-right, the PSD is one of the two major parties in Portuguese politics, its rival being the Socialist Party (PS) on the centre-left.
An election of MEPs representing Portugal for the 2004-2009 term of the European Parliament was held on 13 June 2004. It was part of the wider 2004 European election.
The CDS – People's Party is a conservative and Christian democratic political party in Portugal. It is characterized as being between the centre-right and right-wing of the political spectrum. In voting ballots, the party's name appears only as the People's Party, with the abbreviation CDS–PP unchanged.
Pedro Miguel de Santana Lopes is a Portuguese lawyer and politician, who is the current mayor of Figueira da Foz. He most notably served as prime minister of Portugal from 2004 to 2005.
The 2005 Portuguese legislative election took place on 20 February. The election renewed all 230 members of the Assembly of the Republic.
The 1999 Portuguese legislative election took place on 10 October. The election renewed all 230 members of the Assembly of the Republic.
The 2002 Portuguese legislative election took place on 17 March. The election renewed all 230 members of the Assembly of the Republic.
An election of the delegation from Portugal to the European Parliament was held on 7 June 2009.
The 2009 Portuguese legislative election was held on 27 September, to renew all 230 members of the Assembly of the Republic. In these elections there were approximately 9.5 million Portuguese at home and abroad called to determine the 230 seats in the Assembleia da República and 18th constitutional government in Portugal after 1976.
The 2015 Portuguese legislative election was held on 4 October. All 230 seats of the Assembly of the Republic were in contention.
The 2008 Azorean regional election was an election held on 19 October 2008 for the legislative assembly and government of the Portuguese autonomous region of the Azores. in which the Socialist Party, under the leadership of Carlos César won a third mandate with 46.7 percent of the turnout, while their rivals, under the Social Democratic Party leader Carlos Costa Neves, received 30.27 percent of the vote: this result would lead to Neves' resignation in the following days.
The 2019 Portuguese legislative election was held on 6 October 2019. All 230 seats to the Assembly of the Republic were contested.
Local elections were held in Portugal on 16 December 2001. The elections consisted of three separate elections in the 308 Portuguese municipalities, the election for the Municipal Chambers, whose winner is automatically elected mayor, similar to first-past-the-post (FPTP), another election for the Municipal Assembly and a last one for the lower-level Parish Assembly, whose winner is elected parish president. This last was held separately in the more than 4,200 parishes around the country.
Local elections in Portugal were held on 26 September 2021. The election consisted of three separate elections in the 308 Portuguese municipalities: the election for the Municipal Chamber, whose winner is automatically elected mayor, similar to first-past-the-post (FPTP); another election for the Municipal Assembly ; and an election for the Parish Assembly, whose winner is elected parish president. This last one was held separately in the more than 3,000 parishes around the country. In the 2021 election, 12.3 percent of incumbent mayors, 38 to be precise, were barred from running for another term: 23 from the PS, 11 from the PSD, 3 from CDU and one from the CDS–PP.
Presidential elections are scheduled to be held in Portugal in January 2026. The election will elect the successor to President Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa, who is barred from running for a third term. Every Portuguese President since carnation revolution has been re-elected for second term but only one, Mário Soares (PS) ran for a non-consecutive third term in 2006 and lost, making that every Portuguese President has been two terms in office.
The 2013 Lisbon local election was held on 29 September 2013 to elect the members of the Lisbon City Council.
The 2007 Lisbon local by-election was held on 15 July 2007 to elect a new mayor and members of the Lisbon City Council, in order to complete the term started in 2005 following the collapse of Mayor Carmona Rodrigues' local government.
The 2005 Lisbon local election was held on 9 October 2005 to elect the members of the Lisbon City Council.
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