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Meteorological history | |
---|---|
Formed | March 3,2020,1:48 a.m. CST (UTC−06:00) |
Dissipated | March 3,2020,1:56 a.m. CST (UTC−06:00) |
Duration | 8 minutes |
EF4 tornado | |
on the Enhanced Fujita scale | |
Highest winds | 175 mph (282 km/h) |
Overall effects | |
Casualties | 19 fatalities,87 injuries |
Damage | $100 million (2020 USD) [1] |
Part of the Tornadoes of 2020 and 2020 Nashville tornado outbreak |
The 2020 Cookeville tornado was an extremely destructive and fast-moving tornado tracked across Putnam County,Tennessee,directly impacting the cities of Baxter and Cookeville in the early morning hours of March 3,2020. The National Weather Service forecast office in Nashville,Tennessee,rated the worst of the damage from the tornado EF4 on the Enhanced Fujita scale with winds estimated at 175 miles per hour (282 km/h).
The tornado extensively damaged residential areas just west of Cookeville,carving an 0.8-mile-long EF4-level damage path. 19 people were killed,87 were injured,and the tornado inflicted an estimated $100,000,000 (2020 USD) in damage. In the aftermath of the tornado,several notable figures,including then-president Donald Trump and Bill Lee visited Cookeville and other areas affected by the tornado,and federal funds were dedicated to rebuilding efforts after the tornado.
In the afternoon hours of the previous day, on March 2, temperatures and dewpoints became favorable for the production of supercells in Missouri. Temperatures warmed into the low to mid 60s with dewpoints in the mid to upper 50s. As the night progressed, convection in the north weakened and a jet stream in the northern United States began to move to the South, creating an unstable atmosphere. At 11:20 pm CST, a tornado watch was issued across Middle Tennessee due to the formation of supercells. In subsequent hours, an intense and long-tracked supercell was responsible for the development of ten tornadoes along the I-40 corridor, [2] one of them being the Cookeville tornado. [3]
The tornado began just northwest of Baxter in Putnam County, directly east of US 70N at 1:48 am CST, and began to track eastward, aligning with Baxter. Trees along Thompson Ridge Road were uprooted at EF0 intensity, and a home on Bidwell Lane sustained heavy roof damage on the outer edge of the tornado's path, with windspeeds estimated to be around 75 mph (121 km/h) at that location. As the tornado moved across Byers Road, it uprooted more trees and damaged an outbuilding at retained EF0 intensity. It briefly moved parallel to US 70 narrowly avoiding the Upperman High School, on the eastern edge of Baxter. A home less than a mile from the high school sustained heavy damaged, and another house was partially unroofed. [4] As the tornado entered the city limits of Baxter, it crossed Millie Lane, where it uprooted trees at EF0 intensity. Several more homes a short distance east, on Stephanie Lane, were heavily damaged, and an outbuilding was obliterated at EF1 intensity. The tornado continued to move eastward, unroofing two homes on Big Ben Circle and damaging several others. [4]
The tornado continued to move eastward toward Cookeville, and uprooted trees at EF1 intensity before crossing Bloomington Road. Several homes in the area sustained varying levels of damage, and an outbuilding was completely destroyed at EF3 intensity. More homes were heavily damaged as the tornado moved across Clemmons Road, and the tornado had estimated windspeeds of 150 mph (240 km/h) shortly before entering a heavily populated neighborhood in western Cookeville. [4] The tornado gained intensity and became violent for the first time as it tore through the southern end of Charlton Square, where several homes were slabbed at high-end EF3 intensity and another residence was obliterated at EF4 intensity. A person who was occupying house in the area was pinned under rubble and injured, and another occupant was unhurt. [5] The damage rating for the home was initially lowered, but was moved back up to EF4 damage after an analysis of the structure was conducted. An adjacent home was destroyed at EF4 intensity, and the tornado retained this intensity for 0.8 miles. [3] [4]
As the tornado moved across Plunk Whitson Road, it destroyed a home at EF3 intensity and left only a small room standing, where five occupants survived. However, four children and seven adults who lived in the area were killed as the tornado tore through the subdivision. [5] A residence across the street was completely destroyed, and the tornado had estimated windspeeds of 170 mph (270 km/h) in this area. The tornado continued to move through heavily populated areas, before running parallel to Hensley Drive, where every structure on the southern half of the street were destroyed at EF4 intensity. A couple who were residing in one of the homes survived, [6] and 4 members of a family sustained minor injuries. [4] [7]
The tornado curved slightly southward on North McBroom Chapel Road, where additional EF4 damage was documented to a home and several others were damaged at various intensities. Up to 70 people were unaccounted for in this area in the hours after the tornado had hit. [5] The tornado then moved across Mockingbird Hill Circle, where trees were debarked and several structures were destroyed at EF3 and EF4 intensity. It continued to move in a straight path, crossing a creek before directly impacting a 3-story apartment. The apartment was obliterated, with the top 2 stories completely destroyed and debris strewn across the property. [8] [4]
The tornado then directly impacted Echo Valley Drive, where another group of houses were completely destroyed at high-end EF4 intensity, and an Exxon gas station on the adjacent street was obliterated. As the tornado crossed West Broad Street, it produced largely EF2 damage, where a home sustained roof damage and another was shifted off its foundation. A metal building system nearby was also destroyed in 145 mph (233 km/h) windspeeds. The tornado then moved over Locust Grove Road, where a row of houses on the adjacent street were either heavily damaged or destroyed at high-end EF3 intensity. [4]
As the tornado exited the eastern side the residential subdivisions of northwest Cookeville, it crossed Tennessee Avenue, where multiple hardwood trees were snapped at EF2 intensity. Multiple structures were damaged or destroyed as the tornado crossed Miller Road, and a home was slid off its foundation on an adjacent street. It then rapidly strengthened, reaching EF3 intensity as it impacted a home off of West Broad Street. Multiple nearby buildings were partially unroofed, and an outbuilding was destroyed at EF2 intensity. Another home nearby was hit and damged at EF2 intensity, and an occupant was killed while on the stairwell. A row of houses on Crescent Drive sustained EF1 and EF2 damage, with one home sustaining heavy roof damage. [4] As the tornado weakened, it partially unroofed multiple structures on Vinson Avenue and damaged the siding of another home near Braswell Avenue. Trees were uprooted at EF1 intensity as the tornado crossed Buck Avenue, and the tornado again weakened to EF0 intensity as it entered into another residential area, due west of the Cookeville Regional Medical Center. The tornado then rapidly dissipated as it neared the medical center, [9] uprooting small trees and damaging the siding of an outbuilding before lifting at 1:56 am CST on Laurel Avenue. [4]
The tornado was on the ground for 8 minutes, tracked a total of 8.39 mi (13.50 km), and had an average ground speed of 63.1 miles per hour (101.5 km/h). In all, 19 were killed and 96 more were injured to varying degrees. [3]
In the immediate aftermath of the tornado, 18 were confirmed to have been killed, [10] and by the following day one more person was confirmed to have been killed. [11] 14 adults and 5 children were killed during the tornado, [12] including a 3-year-old child. [11] The victims were Brandy Barker, Jessica Clark, Hattie Collins, Robert Dickson, Donn Eaton, James Eaton, Stephanie Field, Carl Frazee, Kodd Koehler, Erin Kimberlin, Joshua Kimberlin, Sawyer Kimberlin, Sue Koehler, Patricia Lane, Harlan Marsh, Bridgett McCormick, Leisha Rittenberry, Cathy Shelby and Keith Shelby. [13]
On March 6, then-president Donald Trump, Governor Bill Lee, Senators Lamar Alexander and Marsha Blackburn, and other members of the Tennessee congressional delegation visited Cookeville, where they announced that federal funds would be directed to rebuilding costs and declared a state of emergency for Tennessee. The tornado inflicted a total of $100 million (2020 USD) in damages, and several organizations donated to help rebuild. [14] [15]
The 2012 Leap Day tornado outbreak was a significant and deadly tornado outbreak on February 28 and February 29, 2012. It is so called because the second day was a leap day. It caused severe damage in several regions, especially the Great Plains and Ohio Valley regions. It also resulted in several tornadoes in the Central Plains, a rarity for the time of year. The most destructive and deadly tornado was a violent early-morning EF4 that hit Harrisburg, Illinois, killing 8 people. In total, 15 people died in the outbreak. Just two days later, a larger and deadlier outbreak devastated the Ohio Valley and Southern United States.
On March 2 and 3, 2012, a deadly tornado outbreak occurred over a large section of the Southern United States into the Ohio Valley region. The storms resulted in 41 tornado-related fatalities, 22 of which occurred in Kentucky. Tornado-related deaths also occurred in Alabama, Indiana, and Ohio. The outbreak was the second deadliest in early March for the U.S. since official records began in 1950; only the 1966 Candlestick Park tornado had a higher death toll for a tornadic system in early March.
A significant four-day outbreak of tornadoes impacted areas across the High Plains, central Midwest, and parts of the Ohio Valley in early May. The outbreak also produced the first EF4 tornado of the year in Katie, Oklahoma on May 9, where one death occurred. An EF3 tornado near Connerville, Oklahoma also killed a person that day. Other notable tornadoes included two large EF2 tornadoes in Colorado on May 7, a large EF2 tornado near Catherine, Kansas on May 8, and a destructive EF3 tornado that struck Mayfield, Kentucky on May 10. Overall, 57 tornadoes were confirmed.
This page documents notable tornadoes and tornado outbreaks worldwide in 2017. Strong and destructive tornadoes form most frequently in the United States, Brazil, Bangladesh, and Eastern India, but they can occur almost anywhere under the right conditions. Tornadoes also develop occasionally in southern Canada during the Northern Hemisphere's summer and somewhat regularly at other times of the year across Europe, Asia, Argentina and Australia. Tornadic events are often accompanied with other forms of severe weather, including strong thunderstorms, strong winds, and hail. There were 1,522 reports of tornadoes in the United States in 2017, of which 1,418 were confirmed. Worldwide, 43 fatalities were confirmed in 2017: 35 in the United States, five in China, two in Paraguay, and one in Brazil.
The tornado outbreak of February 28 – March 1, 2017 was a widespread and significant outbreak of tornadoes and severe weather that affected the Midwestern United States at the end of February 2017 and beginning of March. Fueled by the combination of ample instability, strong wind shear, and rich low-level moisture, the event led to 71 confirmed tornadoes and thousands of other non-tornadic severe weather reports. The most notable aspect of the outbreak was a long-tracked EF4 tornado—the first violent tornado of 2017 and the first violent tornado during the month of February since the 2013 Hattiesburg tornado—that tracked from Perryville, Missouri to near Christopher, Illinois, killing one person. Three EF3 tornadoes were recorded during the event, including one that caused two fatalities in Ottawa, Illinois, one that caused a fatality near Crossville, and one that heavily damaged or destroyed homes in and around Washburn. In addition to the deaths, 38 people were injured by tornadoes and an additional 30 were injured by non-tornadic impacts, mainly by fallen trees.
A significant severe weather and tornado outbreak affected the Southern United States between December 16–17, 2019. Discrete supercells developed in the early morning on December 16 and moved northeast, spawning multiple strong, long-tracked tornadoes in cities such as Alexandria and in Laurel before congealing into an eastward-moving squall line. During the outbreak, the National Weather Service issued several PDS tornado warnings as well as a rare tornado emergency for Alexandria. In addition to this, the Storm Prediction Center issued six tornado watches for the outbreak. The event happened to take place on the same date of another outbreak in a similar area 19 years earlier.
This page documents notable tornadoes and tornado outbreaks worldwide in 2020. Strong and destructive tornadoes form most frequently in the United States, Argentina, Brazil, Bangladesh, and eastern India, but can occur almost anywhere under the right conditions. Tornadoes also develop occasionally in southern Canada during the Northern Hemisphere's summer and somewhat regularly at other times of the year across Europe, Asia, Argentina, Australia and New Zealand. Tornadic events are often accompanied by other forms of severe weather, including strong thunderstorms, strong winds, and hail. There were 1,243 preliminary filtered reported tornadoes in 2020 in the United States in 2020, and 1,086 confirmed tornadoes in the United States in 2020. Worldwide, at least 93 tornado-related deaths were confirmed with 78 in the United States, eight in Vietnam, two each in Canada, Indonesia, and Mexico, and one in South Africa.
A small but deadly tornado outbreak affected West and Middle Tennessee on the night of March 2 and into the morning of March 3, 2020, including a high-end EF3 tornado that hit Nashville and Mount Juliet, becoming the 6th costliest tornado in United States history, and a violent EF4 tornado that impacted areas in and just west of Cookeville. A total of 25 people were killed by the tornadoes, with an additional 309 being injured, and more than 70,000 lost electricity. The path of the Nashville tornado was very similar to the one that hit East Nashville in 1998. A few additional tornadoes were also confirmed in Alabama, southeastern Missouri, and western Kentucky. Total damage from the event reached $1.607 billion according to the National Centers for Environmental Information.
A widespread and deadly tornado outbreak affected the Southeastern United States on Easter Sunday and Monday, April 12–13, 2020. Several tornadoes were responsible for prompting tornado emergencies, including the first one to be issued by the National Weather Service in Charleston, South Carolina. A large squall line formed and tracked through the mid-Atlantic on April 13, prompting more tornado warnings and watches. A total of 15 watches were produced during the course of the event, two of which were designated Particularly Dangerous Situations.
A significant tornado outbreak sequence took place from March 24–28, 2021 in the Southern United States, just one week after another outbreak affected similar regions. There were 43 tornadoes confirmed across 11 states, with the bulk of activity primarily on March 25, which resulted in the Storm Prediction Center (SPC) issuing its second high-risk outlook for the month of March, as well as the second high-risk outlook for 2021. Several intense tornadoes touched down on that day, including ones that prompted the issuance of rare tornado emergencies near Hoover, Alabama, Brent and Centreville, Alabama, and in the Newnan, Georgia area. March 27 also saw widespread tornado activity mainly across East Texas, Southern Arkansas, Louisiana, and Western Tennessee with several strong tornadoes touching down. Scattered to widespread wind and hail damage occurred throughout the outbreak sequence, and repeated rounds of heavy rain caused widespread severe flash and river flooding across much of Tennessee.
A significant late-season tornado outbreak took place on November 4, 2022, across Northeast Texas, southwestern Arkansas, southeastern Oklahoma, and northwestern Louisiana with multiple large, destructive tornadoes occurring over a span of several hours. Major damage was reported in Sulphur Springs, Powderly, Caviness, Paris, Cason, Daingerfield, Athens, New Boston, Texas, and Idabel, Oklahoma, with the latter two communities being placed under tornado emergencies. Two fatalities occurred in Cason, Texas, and Pickens, Oklahoma, respectively. Numerous PDS tornado warnings were issued as well. An additional tornado embedded within a narrow, but intense line of showers with damaging winds was also confirmed in Illinois the following morning as the system progressed eastward. Strong winds affected most of the western Great Lakes throughout the day before moving into Canada that evening. Two fatalities and at least 34 injuries were confirmed from tornadoes, and an additional fatality occurred near Stilwell, Oklahoma, from drowning.
An early-season tornado outbreak impacted the Southeastern United States on January 12, 2023. The result of a mid-level trough moving through, moisture and the presence of a strong low-level jet aided in the development of numerous severe and tornadic thunderstorms. Early in the outbreak, a strong EF2 tornado caused considerable damage in Winston County, Alabama, while another EF2 tornado struck just south of Greensboro. A destructive high-end EF2 tornado struck Selma, causing widespread damage and two injuries. The same storm produced a long-lived EF3 tornado that moved through or near Old Kingston, Titus, Equality, and Lake Martin, resulting in seven fatalities and several injuries in Autauga County alone. Another EF2 tornado from the storm struck areas in or around Five Points and Standing Rock before crossing into Georgia. After the dissipation of that tornado, nine more tornadoes, five of which were strong, caused heavy damage across west-central Georgia, especially in LaGrange, Griffin, and Experiment, the second one of which was impacted by four tornadoes in the span of 10 minutes, including two that were rated EF2 and EF3 respectively. Another EF2 tornado from the storm caused major damage and another fatality in the Jackson Lake area as well; an indirect death from the tornado also occurred the following day. Elsewhere, other tornadoes caused damage in Sumter and Mobile counties in Alabama, as well as parts of Mississippi, Tennessee, Kentucky, Illinois, and the Carolinas. In all, 43 tornadoes were confirmed.
On March 24, 2023, a severe weather and tornado outbreak began across portions of the lower Mississippi River Valley in the United States. A slow-moving trough moved eastward across the United States and interacted with a moist and unstable airmass originating from the Gulf of Mexico, resulting in widespread heavy rainfall, severe thunderstorms, and significant tornadoes over a four-day period. A violent high-end EF4 tornado moved through the towns of Rolling Fork, Midnight, and Silver City in western Mississippi, causing catastrophic damage and many fatalities. Multiple tornado emergencies were issued for that tornado and two subsequent EF3 tornadoes from the same supercell that struck Winona and Amory.
Throughout the afternoon hours of April 26, 2024, a large, violent, and destructive tornado impacted parts of the communities of Waterloo, Elkhorn, Bennington, and Blair, Nebraska, injuring four people. The tornado was the first of two EF4 tornadoes during the tornado outbreak of April 25–28, 2024. The tornado reached peak intensity in the neighborhood of Elkhorn and south of the city of Blair, leading the National Weather Service in Omaha, Nebraska to assign a rating of low-end EF4 on the Enhanced Fujita scale, with maximum wind speeds estimated at 170 mph (270 km/h).
From April 25 to 28, 2024, a very large, deadly and destructive tornado outbreak occurred across the Midwestern, Southern, and High Plains regions of the United States, primarily on April 26 and 27. On April 26, the Storm Prediction Center (SPC) first issued an enhanced risk for the Plains, as a broad upper-trough moved eastwards, with strong tornadic activity erupting in the states of Nebraska, Iowa, and Kansas later that day. A high-end EF3 tornado struck the northeastern outskirts of Lincoln, Nebraska in Lancaster County, injuring three people. A long-tracked low-end EF4 tornado caused widespread severe damage in Elkhorn and near Bennington and Blair, and prompted the issuance of two tornado emergencies. Another EF3 tornado moved through parts of both Omaha and Council Bluffs, Iowa as well as points northeast, injuring four more people. Another long-tracked EF3 tornado moved directly through Minden, Iowa, killing one person and injuring three others, prompting the issuance of two more tornado emergencies. An EF2 tornado also moved through Pleasant Hill just southeast of Des Moines, injuring one person.
A large, major, and deadly tornado outbreak occurred across the Central and Southern United States from May 6–10, 2024, as a result of a slow-moving trough that was moving across the country. The Storm Prediction Center (SPC) issued a tornado-driven high risk convective outlook for portions of central Oklahoma and extreme southern Kansas early on May 6. Millions of people were put under a particularly dangerous situation (PDS) tornado watch later that evening, as many tornadoes were reported across the region, particularly in Oklahoma, where a violent EF4 tornado struck the towns of Barnsdall and Bartlesville, Oklahoma. Severe and tornadic weather spread eastward over the Mississippi, Ohio, and Tennessee Valleys over the next two days, with a nocturnal outbreak occurring in the latter on May 8, as tornadic supercell thunderstorms produced many tornadoes across the states of Tennessee, northern Alabama and western Georgia. The system responsible for the outbreak finally moved offshore by May 10 after producing several more tornadoes across the Southeast, including two EF2 tornadoes and hurricane-strength straight-line winds that moved through Tallahassee. This large outbreak came less than two weeks after a similarly large and deadly outbreak occurred across most of the same regions.
The 2013 Granbury tornado was a violent and destructive EF4 tornado that struck Granbury, Texas in the evening hours of May 15, 2013. It killed 6 people, making it the deadliest tornado of the Tornado outbreak of May 15–17, 2013, and was one of the worst tornadoes to ever hit the region.
On May 9, 2016, a violent multi-vortex EF4 tornado struck southern Katie, Oklahoma. The tornado was extremely erratic and killed one person while causing $1,000,000 in damages. The tornado was extremely photogenic, and was heavily documented by storm chasers and civilians.
The 2011 Chickasha-Blanchard tornado was a large and extremely violent EF4 tornado that impacted the southern side of Chickasha, Oklahoma and rural areas around Blanchard and Newcastle, Oklahoma in the late afternoon of May 24, 2011. The tornado killed one person and injured 48 others as the tornado traveled a path length of 33.3 miles with a peak path width of 880 yards. This powerful tornado was part of the Tornado outbreak sequence of May 21–26, 2011 and was one of the strongest tornadoes in the sequence and was tied for the second strongest tornado of the May 24 outbreak, behind the El Reno–Piedmont tornado.
In the afternoon hours of April 27, 2011, a large and long-tracked EF4 tornado moved across Central Alabama, devastating several communities along a 127.8-mile (205.7 km) path, including Cordova and Blountsville. The tornado killed 13 and had a maximum width of 1,408 yards (0.800 mi). It occurred as part of the largest tornado outbreak in modern history, and was one of eleven EF4 tornadoes to strike the Southern United States on April 27. The tornado was the second-longest tornado of the outbreak; only the Hackleburg tornado had a longer track.