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Acinetobacter is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the wider class of Gammaproteobacteria. Acinetobacter species are oxidase-negative, exhibit twitching motility, and occur in pairs under magnification.
Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) are strains of Staphylococcus aureus that have acquired resistance to the glycopeptide antibiotic vancomycin. Bacteria can acquire resistant genes either by random mutation or through the transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another. Resistance genes interfere with the normal antibiotic function and allow a bacteria to grow in the presence of the antibiotic. Resistance in VRSA is conferred by the plasmid-mediated vanA gene and operon. Although VRSA infections are uncommon, VRSA is often resistant to other types of antibiotics and a potential threat to public health because treatment options are limited. VRSA is resistant to many of the standard drugs used to treat S. aureus infections. Furthermore, resistance can be transferred from one bacterium to another.
Staphylococcus caprae is a Gram-positive, coccus bacteria and a member of the genus Staphylococcus. S. caprae is coagulase-negative. It was originally isolated from goats, but members of this species have also been isolated from human samples.
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Bartonellosis is an infectious disease produced by bacteria of the genus Bartonella. Bartonella species cause diseases such as Carrión's disease, trench fever, cat-scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis, peliosis hepatis, chronic bacteremia, endocarditis, chronic lymphadenopathy, and neurological disorders.
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References
- ↑ Aguirre, M.; Collins, M. D. (2001). "Aerococcus sanguicola sp. nov., isolated from a human clinical source". Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 51: 475–79. doi: 10.1099/00207713-51-2-475 . PMID 11321093.
- ↑ Shelton-Dodge, K; Vetter, EA; Kohner, PC; Nyre, LM; Patel, R (August 2011). "Clinical significance and antimicrobial susceptibilities of Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae". Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 70 (4): 448–51. doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2010.09.001.
- ↑ Cattoir, V; Kobal, A; Legrand, P (October 2010). "Aerococcus urinae and Aerococcus sanguinicola, two frequently misidentified uropathogens". Scand J Infect Dis. 42 (10): 775–80. doi:10.3109/00365548.2010.485576.
- ↑ Ibler, K; Truberg Jensen, K; Östergaard, C; Sönkensen, UW; Bruun, B; Schönheyder, HC; Kemp, M; Dargis, R; Andresen, K; Christensen, JJ (2008). "'Six cases of Aerococcus sanguinicola infection: clinical relevance and bacterial identification". Scand J Infect Dis. 40 (9): 761–65. doi:10.1080/00365540802078059.
- ↑ Cattoir, V; Kobal, A; Legrand, P (October 2010). "Aerococcus urinae and Aerococcus sanguinicola, two frequently misidentified uropathogens". Scand J Infect Dis. 42 (10): 775–80. doi:10.3109/00365548.2010.485576.
- ↑ Rasmussen, M. (2013). "Aerococci and aerococcal infections". Journal of Infection. 66 (6): 467–474. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2012.12.006 . PMID 23277106.
