Agroathelia | |
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Scientific classification | |
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Genus: | Agroathelia Redhead & Mullineux (2023) |
Type species | |
Agroathelia rolfsii (Sacc.) Redhead & Mullineux (2023) | |
Synonyms | |
Sclerotium rolfsiiSacc. (1911) |
Agroathelia is a fungal genus [1] currently consisting of one widespread and two other species. Agroathelia rolfsii , [1] the type species, causes serious diseases of cultivated crops such as tomatoes, potatoes, peanuts, bell peppers, and sweet potatoes among many other hosts. [2] It is better known under the names Sclerotium rolfsii or Athelia rolfsii. [2] [3] [4]
Agroathelia coffeicola , also known as Sclerotium coffeicola, infects coffee leaves and beans in South America and on various other plants in Central America and the Caribbean, while Agroathelia delphinii , also known as Sclerotium delphinii, attacks numerous plants, including Delphinium after which it was named. [1]
Agroathelia is a member of the Amylocorticiales rather than the Atheliales [5] [6] where it had been placed previously [7] [8] [9] The genus is characterized by the production of brownish, mustard seed-sized or larger sclerotia with diagnostic polyhedron-shaped cortical cells. They have 4-spored, clavate basidia, nonamyloid, ellipsoid basidiospores and a smooth hymenium. Basidia are rarely observed in nature. [3]
Agro- (Greek, agrós, "field") and Athelia (a genus of corticioid fungi), in reference to its resemblance to the corticioid genus of fungi, Athelia and its occurrence in agricultural fields.
The Hygrophoraceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. Originally conceived as containing white-spored, thick-gilled agarics, including Hygrophorus and Hygrocybe species, DNA evidence has extended the limits of the family, so it now contains not only agarics, but also basidiolichens and corticioid fungi. Species are thus diverse and are variously ectomycorrhizal, lichenized, associated with mosses, or saprotrophic. The family contains 34 genera and over 1000 species. None is of any great economic importance, though fruit bodies of some Hygrocybe and Hygrophorus species are considered edible and may be collected for sale in local markets.
The Clavariaceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. Originally the family contained most of the clavarioid fungi, but in its current sense is more restricted, albeit with a greater diversity of basidiocarp forms. Basidiocarps are variously clavarioid or agaricoid (mushroom-shaped), less commonly corticioid or hydnoid.
Atheliaceae is a family of mostly corticioid fungi placed in the order Atheliales. Both the order and the family were described by the Swiss mycologist Walter Jülich in 1981 along with three other families, Lobuliciaceae, Byssocorticiaceae, Pilodermataceae and Tylosporaceae discovered in 2020. According to a 2008 estimate, the family contains 20 genera and approximately 100 species. However, many genera formerly considered to belong in the Atheliaceae have since been moved to other families, including Amylocorticiaceae, Albatrellaceae, and Hygrophoraceae. Despite being a relatively small group with inconspicuous forms, Atheliaceae members show great diversity in life strategies and are widespread in distribution. Additionally, being a group strictly composed of largely corticioid fungi, they may also provide insights on the evolution of fruiting body forms in basidiomycetes.
Anomoporia is a genus of fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Czech mycologist Zdeněk Pouzar in 1966.
Ceraceomyces is a genus of fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. The genus has a widespread distribution and contains 16 species.
Infundibulicybe is a genus of fungi that is robustly placed incertae sedis as sister group to the Tricholomatoid clade. It has previously been part of the family of Tricholomataceae, but recent molecular phylogeny has shown it to take an isolated position within the Agaricales.
Anomoloma is a genus of crust fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. It was circumscribed by mycologists Tuomo Niemelä and Karl-Henrik Larsson in 2007. The generic name is derived from the Greek anomos, meaning "lawless", which in this context alludes to the irregular rhizomorphic outline, and loma, meaning margin or edge.
Jaapia is a genus in the monotypic family Jaapiaceae and order Jaapiales. The genus was first described by Italian mycologist Giacomo Bresadola in 1911, and contains two widely distributed species, J. argillacea and J. ochroleuca. The order was described in 2010.
Athelia is a genus of corticioid fungi in the family Atheliaceae. Some species are facultative parasites of plants and of lichens. The widespread genus contains 28 species. However, Athelia rolfsii was found to belong in the Amylocorticiales in a molecular phylogenetics study and renamed Agroathelia rolfsii.
Podoserpula is a genus of fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. The genus contains six species including the type species, P. pusio, commonly known as the pagoda fungus. Species of the genus Podoserpula produce fruit bodies consisting of up to a dozen caps arranged in overlapping shelves, attached to a central axis. Its unique shape is not known to exist in any other fungi. The genus is known to occur in Australia and New Zealand, Venezuela, Madagascar, and New Caledonia.
Irpicodon is a genus of fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. The genus is monotypic, containing the single species Irpicodon pendulus, found in Europe.
Amyloxenasma is a genus of corticioid fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. The widely distributed genus contains six species.
Amylocorticium is a genus of resupinate (crust-like) fungi in the Amylocorticiaceae family. The genus has a widespread distribution and contains 11 species.
Amylocorticiellum is a genus of fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. The genus has a widespread distribution and contains four species.
Amylocorticiales is an order of fungi in the class Agaricomycetes. The order was circumscribed in 2010 to contain mostly resupinate (crust-like) forms that have been referred to genera Anomoporia, Amyloathelia, Amylocorticiellum, Amylocorticium, Amyloxenasma, Anomoloma, Athelopsis, Ceraceomyces, Hypochniciellum, Leptosporomyces and Serpulomyces and the anomalous species, Athelia rolfsii, now classified in its own genus, Agroathelia.
Athelopsis is a genus of corticioid fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. The widespread genus, estimated to contain 10 species, is polyphyletic as currently circumscribed.
Hypochniciellum is a genus of corticioid fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. Species in the genus have white to cream, resupinate fruit bodies. The hyphae have clamp connections. The spores are roughly elliptical, yellowish, and smooth.
Leptosporomyces is a genus of resupinate (crust-like) fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. The genus is widespread in the Northern Hemisphere and contains 11 species.
Agroathelia rolfsii is a corticioid fungus in the order Amylocorticiales. It is a facultative plant pathogen and is the causal agent of "southern blight" disease in crops.
Agroathelia coffeicola is a sclerotial fungus, commonly called Sclerotium coffeicola, now classified in the order Amylocorticiales. It is a facultative plant pathogen and is the causal agent of target-spot disease of coffee and other tropical plants. It is known from Brazil, Costa Rica, Guyana, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Suriname, Trinidad, Tobago, Venezuela, Panama and Sierra Leone.