Agroathelia

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Agroathelia
Athelia rolfsii.jpg
Scientific classification
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Agroathelia

Redhead & Mullineux (2023)
Type species
Agroathelia rolfsii
(Sacc.) Redhead & Mullineux (2023)
Synonyms

Sclerotium rolfsiiSacc. (1911)
Corticium rolfsii(Sacc.) Curzi (1931)
Pellicularia rolfsii(Sacc.) E. West (1947)
Botryobasidium rolfsii(Sacc.) Venkatar. (1950)
Athelia rolfsii(Sacc.) C.C. Tu & Kimbr. (1978)

Agroathelia is a fungal genus [1] currently consisting of one widespread and two other species. Agroathelia rolfsii , [1] the type species, causes serious diseases of cultivated crops such as tomatoes, potatoes, peanuts, bell peppers, and sweet potatoes among many other hosts. [2] It is better known under the names Sclerotium rolfsii or Athelia rolfsii. [2] [3] [4]

Agroathelia coffeicola , also known as Sclerotium coffeicola, infects coffee leaves and beans in South America and on various other plants in Central America and the Caribbean, while Agroathelia delphinii , also known as Sclerotium delphinii, attacks numerous plants, including Delphinium after which it was named. [1]

Agroathelia is a member of the Amylocorticiales rather than the Atheliales [5] where it had been placed previously [6] [7] [8] The genus is characterized by the production of brownish, mustard seed-sized or larger sclerotia with diagnostic polyhedron-shaped cortical cells. They have 4-spored, clavate basidia, nonamyloid, ellipsoid basidiospores and a smooth hymenium. Basidia are rarely observed in nature. [3]

Etymology

Agro- (Greek, agrós, "field") and Athelia (a genus of corticioid fungi), in reference to its resemblance to the corticioid genus of fungi, Athelia and its occurrence in agricultural fields.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Atheliaceae</span> Family of fungi

Atheliaceae is a family of mostly corticioid fungi placed in the order Atheliales. Both the order and the family were described by the Swiss mycologist Walter Jülich in 1981 along with three other families, Lobuliciaceae, Byssocorticiaceae, Pilodermataceae and Tylosporaceae discovered in 2020. According to a 2008 estimate, the family contains 20 genera and approximately 100 species. However, many genera formerly considered to belong in the Atheliaceae have since been moved to other families, including Amylocorticiaceae, Albatrellaceae, and Hygrophoraceae. Despite being a relatively small group with inconspicuous forms, Atheliaceae members show great diversity in life strategies and are widespread in distribution. Additionally, being a group strictly composed of largely corticioid fungi, they may also provide insights on the evolution of fruiting body forms in basidiomycetes.

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Anomoloma is a genus of crust fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. It was circumscribed by mycologists Tuomo Niemelä and Karl-Henrik Larsson in 2007. The generic name is derived from the Greek anomos, meaning "lawless", which in this context alludes to the irregular rhizomorphic outline, and loma, meaning margin or edge.

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<i>Athelia</i> (fungus) Genus of fungi

Athelia is a genus of corticioid fungi in the family Atheliaceae. Some species are facultative parasites of plants and of lichens. The widespread genus contains 28 species. However, Athelia rolfsii was found to belong in the Amylocorticiales in a molecular phylogenetics study and renamed Agroathelia rolfsii.

<i>Podoserpula</i> Genus of fungi

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<i>Amyloxenasma</i> Genus of fungi

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amylocorticiales</span> Order of fungi

Amylocorticiales is an order of fungi in the class Agaricomycetes. The order was circumscribed in 2010 to contain mostly resupinate (crust-like) forms that have been referred to genera Anomoporia, Amyloathelia, Amylocorticiellum, Amylocorticium, Amyloxenasma, Anomoloma, Athelopsis, Ceraceomyces, Hypochniciellum, Leptosporomyces and Serpulomyces and the anomalous species, Athelia rolfsii, now classified in its own genus, Agroathelia.

<i>Plicaturopsis</i> Genus of fungi

Plicaturopsis is a genus of fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. The genus was circumscribed by English mycologist Derek Reid in 1964. In 2023 P. scarlatina was reclassified to Phlebia making P. crispa the only described species in the genus.

Athelopsis is a genus of corticioid fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. The widespread genus, estimated to contain 10 species, is polyphyletic as currently circumscribed.

Hypochniciellum is a genus of corticioid fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. Species in the genus have white to cream, resupinate fruit bodies. The hyphae have clamp connections. The spores are roughly elliptical, yellowish, and smooth.

<i>Leptosporomyces</i> Genus of fungi

Leptosporomyces is a genus of resupinate (crust-like) fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. The genus is widespread in the Northern Hemisphere and contains 11 species.

<i>Agroathelia rolfsii</i> Pathogen fungus

Agroathelia rolfsii is a corticioid fungus in the order Amylocorticiales. It is a facultative plant pathogen and is the causal agent of "southern blight" disease in crops.

Agroathelia coffeicola is a sclerotial fungus, commonly called Sclerotium coffeicola, now classified in the order Amylocorticiales. It is a facultative plant pathogen and is the causal agent of target-spot disease of coffee and other tropical plants. It is known from Brazil, Costa Rica, Guyana, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Suriname, Trinidad, Tobago, Venezuela, Panama and Sierra Leone.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Redhead SA, Mullineux ST (2023). "Nomenclatural novelties". Index Fungorum. 554: 1.
  2. 1 2 Aycock R (1966). "Stem rot and other diseases caused by Sclerotium rolfsii". North Carolina Agricultural Experimental Station. Tech. Bull. 174.
  3. 1 2 Tu CC, Kimbrough JW (1978). "Systematics and phylogeny of fungi in the Rhizoctonia complex". Bot. Gaz. 139 (4): 454–466. doi:10.1086/337021. S2CID   84659778.
  4. Mascarenhas J, Quesada-Ocampo LM (2024). "Diagnostic Guide for Sclerotial Blight and Circular Spot of Sweetpotato". Plant Health Progress. American Phytopathological Society. doi:10.1094/PHP-12-23-0110-DG.
  5. Xu Z, Harrington TC, Gleason ML, Batzer JC (2010). "Phylogenetic placement of plant pathogenic Sclerotium species among teleomorph genera". Mycologia. 102 (2): 337–346. doi:10.3852/08-189. PMID   20361501. S2CID   33608842.
  6. Matheny PB, et al. (2006). "Major clades of Agaricales: a multilocus phylogenetic overview". Mycologia. 98 (6): 982–995. doi:10.1080/15572536.2006.11832627. S2CID   4234538.
  7. Binder M, Larsson KH, Matheny PB, Hibbett DS (2010). "Amylocorticiales ord. nov. and Jaapiales ord. nov.: early diverging clades of Agaricomycetidae dominated by corticioid forms". Mycologia. 102 (4): 865–880. doi:10.3852/09-288. PMID   20648753. S2CID   23931256.
  8. Song J, Liu XY, Wang M, Cui BK (2016). "Phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Anomoloma (Amylocorticiales, Basidiomycota)". Mycol. Progress. 15. doi:10.1007/s11557-015-1155-7. S2CID   255315838.