German East Africa was a German colony in the African Great Lakes region,which included present-day Burundi,Rwanda,the Tanzania mainland,and the Kionga Triangle,a small region later incorporated into Mozambique. GEA's area was 994,996 km2 (384,170 sq mi),which was nearly three times the area of present-day Germany and almost double the area of metropolitan Germany at the time.
Carl Peters was a German explorer and colonial administrator. He was a major promoter of the establishment of the German colony of East Africa and one of the founders of the German East Africa Company. He was a controversial figure in Germany for his views and his brutal treatment of native Africans,which ultimately led to his discharge as Reichskommissar in 1891.
Tippu Tip,or Tippu Tib,real name Ḥamad ibn Muḥammad ibn Jumʿah ibn Rajab ibn Muḥammad ibn Saʿīd al Murjabī,was an Afro-Omani ivory and slave owner and trader,explorer,governor and plantation owner. He worked for a succession of the sultans of Zanzibar and was the Sultan of Uterera,a short-lived state in Kasongo,Maniema ruled by himself and his son Sefu who was an Emir with local WaManyema.
Chief Mkwavinyika Munyigumba Mwamuyinga,more commonly known as Chief Mkwawa or Sultan Mkwawa,was a Hehe tribal leader in German East Africa,based in Kalenga,Iringa region,who opposed the German colonization. The name "Mkwawa" is derived from Mukwava,a shortened form of Mukwavinyika,meaning "conqueror of many lands".
The Maji Maji Rebellion,was an armed rebellion of Muslim and animist Africans against German colonial rule in German East Africa. The war was triggered by German colonial policies designed to force the indigenous population to grow cotton for export. The war lasted from 1905 to 1907,during which 75,000 to 300,000 died,overwhelmingly from famine.
SayyidBarghash bin Said al-Busaidi,an Omani Sultan and the son of Said bin Sultan,was the second Sultan of Zanzibar. He ruled Zanzibar from 7 October 1870 to 26 March 1888.
Sayyid Khalid bin Barghash Al-Busa'id was the sixth Sultan of Zanzibar.
The German East Africa Company was a chartered colonial organization that brought about the establishment of German East Africa,a territory which eventually comprised the areas of modern Tanzania,Burundi,and Rwanda. The company originated in 1884 as the Gesellschaft für deutsche Kolonisation with the aim of trading in Africa. The German protectorate of Wituland originated as a separate German sphere of influence in 1885.
The Anglo-Zanzibar War was a military conflict fought between the United Kingdom and the Sultanate of Zanzibar on 27 August 1896. The conflict lasted between 38 and 45 minutes,marking it as the shortest recorded war in history. The immediate cause of the war was the suspicious death of the pro-British Sultan Hamad bin Thuwaini on 25 August 1896 and the subsequent succession of Sultan Khalid bin Barghash. The British authorities preferred Hamoud bin Mohammed,who was more favourable to British interests,as sultan. The agreement of 14 June 1890,instituting a British protectorate over Zanzibar,specified that a candidate for accession to the sultanate should obtain the permission of the British consul;Khalid had not fulfilled this requirement. The British considered this a casus belli and sent an ultimatum to Khalid demanding that he order his forces to stand down and leave the palace. In response,Khalid called up his palace guard and barricaded himself inside the palace.
The Society for German Colonization was founded on 28 March 1884 in Berlin by Carl Peters. Its goal was to accumulate capital for the acquisition of German colonial territories in overseas countries.
Gustav Adolf Graf von Götzen was a German explorer,colonial administrator,and military officer who served as Reichskommissar of German East Africa. He came to Rwanda in 1894 becoming the second European to enter the territory,since Oscar Baumann’s brief expedition in 1892,and later,he became the first European to cross the entire territory of Rwanda.
The Sultanate of Zanzibar,also known as the Zanzibar Sultanate,was an East African Muslim state controlled by the Sultan of Zanzibar,in place between 1856 and 1964. The Sultanate's territories varied over time,and after a period of decline,the state had sovereignty over only the Zanzibar Archipelago and a 16-kilometre-wide (10 mi) strip along the Kenyan coast,with the interior of Kenya constituting the British Kenya Colony and the coastal strip administered as a de facto part of that colony.
Akida was a title of indigenous rural officials in Tanganyika. At the time of the Zanzibar Sultanate,they acted as commanders of military divisions,and needed the approval of the sultan. During the German East African rule,the Germans adopted the title from pre-colonial Zanzibar-based administration,investing it with greater power. Under German rule,akidas ruled over so-called Akidate,an intermediate level of government between regional governors and minor countryside chiefs and functioned as tax collectors,policemen,and lower judges. Their judicial role was recognized under the British colonial administration which took over from Germany following World War I.
Sir Basil Shillito Cave was a British consul. He was the son of Thomas Cave,a Liberal Member of Parliament,and one of his brothers was George Cave who would become a Conservative Home Secretary and a Viscount. Basil Cave worked for the Foreign Office as a civil servant and was appointed Vice-Consul of British East Africa in 1891. In 1893 he was placed in command of a number of soldiers during civil disorder on Zanzibar and in 1895 was appointed Consul to the country. The Consul-General,AH Hardinge being away,Cave was responsible for starting the Anglo-Zanzibar War in 1896. He issued an ultimatum to Khalid bin Barghash who had seized the throne on the death of Sultan Hamad. The resulting 38-minute war,the shortest in history,ended with victory for Britain and the installation of their chosen Sultan,Hamoud bin Mohammed.
Events in the year 1910 in Germany.
Heinrich Albert Schnee was a German lawyer,colonial civil servant,politician,writer,and association official. He served as the last Governor of German East Africa.
The Deutsch-Ostafrikanische Zeitung was a weekly German language newspaper published between 1899 and 1916 in Dar al-Salaam,German East Africa.
Hassan bin Omari,also known as Makunganya,one of the Makanjila Yao people,was one of the most influential and successful Muslim ivory and slave traders and caravan raiders in present-day south-east Tanzania,and was a chief of the Mavuji. Having attacked the German occupying forces,he was eventually caught and hanged by German troops,along with his associates.
Germany–Tanzania relations are the bilateral relations between Germany and Tanzania. From 1885 to 1918,Tanzania was a German colony as part of German East Africa. In the 21st century,relations are primarily characterized by the joint development cooperation.
