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 Algeria |  Germany |
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Relations between Germany and Algeria are described as "good" by the German Federal Foreign Office. [1] Germany is among Algeria's most important trading partners. The two countries concluded an energy partnership in 2015.
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Algeria | Germany |
|---|---|
Relations between Germany and Algeria are described as "good" by the German Federal Foreign Office. [1] Germany is among Algeria's most important trading partners. The two countries concluded an energy partnership in 2015.
In 1898, the German Empire established a consulate general in what was then French Algeria. During World War II, Algeria became a theater of war for the German Afrikakorps, which fought against the Allied powers. After World War II, the French colonial power faced an uprising that leads to the outbreak of the Algerian War in 1954. German arms dealer Georg Puchert played an important role in supplying the National Liberation Front with explosives and weapons. Algeria was able to gain its independence from France in 1962. With the country's independence, the existing consulate general of the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany), established in 1956, was transformed into an embassy. [2]
Two years after the country's independence, on May 14. 1965, Algeria broke off relations with West Germany. The reason for this was the establishment of diplomatic relations with Israel on the part of West Germany. Five years later, official relations were established instead with the German Democratic Republic (East Germany). In 1971, diplomatic relations were resumed with West Germany after the latter abandoned the Hallstein Doctrine. [2]
In 2001, Abdelaziz Bouteflika became the first Algerian president to visit Germany. In the following years, bilateral investment protection agreements (2002) and a double taxation agreement (2008) were signed. In 2007, Horst Köhler was the first German state guest to visit Algeria, and a year later, German Chancellor Angela Merkel also visited Algiers. [2] In the 2010s, a further intensification of economic relations between the two countries takes place with the establishment of a joint economic commission (2011) and the agreement of an energy partnership. [1]
The total volume of trade between Algeria and Germany in 2021 was 2.6 billion euros, ranking Algeria 64th in the ranking of German trading partners. Imports from Algeria amounted to 774 million euros and exports to Algeria totaled 1.8 billion euros. [3] Germany mainly supplies automobiles, vehicle parts, machinery, and chemical products, and in return mainly imports petroleum and petrochemical products. [1]
Nearly 200 German companies have a presence in Algeria, including Volkswagen AG, which opened a car assembly plant near the city of Oran in 2017. [4]
A Goethe-Institut has existed in Algiers since 1963, reopening in 2002 after a temporary closure. Its focus is on educational cooperation and the promotion of the German language. Nearly 48,000 Algerians learn German as a foreign language. [1]
Since 2008, the German Archaeological Institute has cooperated with the Algerian National Museum of Cherchell. [5]
The 1982 FIFA World Cup and 2014 FIFA World Cup national teams of Algeria and Germany each met in the World Cup. In 1982, Algeria defeated Germany 2-1 in the group stage. Later, Algeria was nevertheless eliminated in the group stages due to the so-called Disgrace of Gijon. [6] In 2014, Germany met Algeria in the round of 16 and narrowly won the match 2-1 after 120 minutes of play and later won the tournament. [7]
Between 2009 and 2020, Germany supplied Algeria with several billion dollars worth of weapons, including helicopters, military vehicles, frigates, and torpedoes. [8]
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Germany–Morocco relations date back to the 19th century. The German Foreign Office describes Morocco as a "central partner of the European Union and Germany in North Africa," and Germany is an important trading partner for Morocco. In the past, however, relations have not always been entirely free of tension.
Germany–Niger relations focus primarily on cooperation in development, security, and migration policy. Since 2016, bilateral relations have been significantly intensified, with several state visits at the highest level.
Germany–Ghana relations are good and Ghana is one of the priority countries for German development aid. Official diplomatic relations between the two countries were established in the 1950s, but contacts between the two societies go back much further and can be traced back to the 17th century.
Germany–Somalia relations have intensified since 2012 after the political and security situation in Somalia improved, according to information from the German Foreign Office. Germany has not had an ambassador to Somalia since 1989, and the German Ambassador in Nairobi is responsible for relations with Somalia instead.
Cameroon–Germany relations are described as "good" by the German Foreign Office. The two countries share a long common history and Cameroon was a colony of Germany from 1884 to 1918. Also due to German involvement in development cooperation, Germany is "positively perceived" in the country today.
German-Uganda relations have existed since 1962 and are described by the Foreign Office as "positive". Uganda is one of the priority countries of German development aid and more than 100 associations and initiatives from Germany support humanitarian projects in Uganda.
Germany–Senegal relations are the bilateral relations between Germany and Senegal. The relations are described by the German Foreign Office as "friendly." The two countries share a close partnership in development cooperation, and numerous cultural ties exist between the two countries.
Germany–Venezuela relations have a long tradition and were officially established in 1871. During Nicolás Maduro's tenure, relations have deteriorated and in 2019 Venezuela declared the German Ambassador Daniel Kriener a persona non grata; however, he was able to return to the country soon after. Close relations with Venezuela continue to be maintained by parts of the German left and the political party Die Linke.
On the diplomatic level, Colombia–Germany relations have existed since 1872 and thus for more than 140 years.
Germany–Uzbekistan relations are the diplomatic relations between the Federal Republic of Germany and the Republic of Uzbekistan. Bilateral relations began when the Federal Republic of Germany recognized the independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan on December 31, 1991.
Germany–South Sudan relations have existed since the independence of South Sudan in 2011. In the context of the civil war in South Sudan, the Federal Republic of Germany became an important donor of humanitarian aid to South Sudan.
Germany–Mali relations gained depth and intensity in the 2010s as the German government stepped up its efforts to stabilize the Sahel region, and there were an increasing number of bilateral state visits. Germany is also increasingly engaged in security policy in Mali.
Germany–Togo relations are shaped by the shared past of both countries. From 1884 to 1914, Togo was a colony of Germany under the name of Togoland.
Germany–Ivory Coast relations are described by the German Foreign Office as "traditionally friendly".
Eritrea–Germany relations have existed since Eritrea's independence from Ethiopia in 1993, but they are strained by the poor human rights situation in Eritrea. Among Afro-Germans, Eritreans are now among the largest groups.
Germany–Madagascar relations are "traditionally friendly", according to the German Foreign Office. Diplomatic contacts have been maintained between the two countries since the 19th century. In the 21st century, relations between the two countries are predominantly characterized by development cooperation.
The quality of Germany–Guinea relations has been subject to some fluctuations since bilateral relations were established in 1958. Due to its long history of cooperation in development policy, the Federal Republic of Germany enjoys a good reputation among the Guinean public.
Ecuador–Germany relations have existed since 1922, and in the 21st century they focus on development cooperation, environmental policy, trade and investment and education.
Bahrain–Germany relations have existed since 1972 and are described as "good" by the German Foreign Office. Germany enjoys a good reputation in the country of Bahrain, and the German economy in particular is highly regarded.
Germany–Laos relations have existed on the bilateral level since the late 1950s.
