The Federal Republic of Germany manages 227 diplomatic missions abroad. Of these, 153 are embassies, 52 consulates-general, 7 consulates, and 12 multilateral missions making it one of the world's largest diplomatic networks. [1]
In addition, there are 337 honorary consuls, which are not included in this list. Furthermore, Germany maintains a representative office in Ramallah and an institute in Taipei, which serves as de facto embassies to the State of Palestine and Taiwan, respectively.
When in a non-EU country where there is no German embassy, German citizens as EU citizens have the right to get consular protection from the embassy of any other EU country present in that country.
Historically, the German state of Prussia and several smaller German states had sent emissaries abroad prior to the establishment of the North German Confederation, a precursor to the modern Federal Republic of Germany.
In 1874, Germany had only four embassies (in London, Paris, Saint Petersburg, and Vienna), but this was complemented by non-ambassadorial representation in the form of 14 ministerial posts (in Athens, Bern, Brussels, The Hague, Constantinople, Copenhagen, Lisbon, Madrid, Rome, Stockholm, Peking, Rio de Janeiro, Washington, D.C., and to the Holy See), seven consulates-general with diplomatic status (in Alexandria, Belgrade, Bucharest, London, New York City, Budapest, and Warsaw), and 37 consulates and vice-consulates headed by consular officers. By 1914, five additional embassies were established in Constantinople, Madrid, Rome, Washington, D.C., and Tokyo. The Foreign Office progressively reformed itself at this time to serve Germany's rising commercial and colonial interests abroad, as well as to reflect the professionalization of diplomacy generally.
Politics of the Third Reich affected the Foreign Office. In 1935 the Reich Citizenship Act led to the forced retirement of over 120 tenured civil servants. Positions and structures were created to imbed NSDAP representatives, and the SS began to be posted abroad as "police attachés". Under Joachim von Ribbentrop the Reich Foreign Ministry grew from 2,665 officers in 1938 to a peak of 6,458 in 1943, despite missions abroad closing as a consequence of the Second World War.
Germany's post-war diplomatic network started as early as 1949 with a mission in Paris to the newly formed Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The following year consulates-general were (re)opened in London, New York City, Paris, Istanbul, Amsterdam, Brussels, Rome, and Athens (until 1951 these were not embassies, as by virtue of the Occupation Statute the three allied powers had competence of foreign affairs; these consulates were intended to just manage commercial & consular affairs). West Germany's Federal Foreign Office grew, and by the time of Germany's reunification in 1990, there were 214 diplomatic missions abroad. Following German reunification, the Federal Republic inherited several diplomatic representations of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of former East Germany. [2]
The West German embassy in Stockholm was occupied by the Red Army Faction in 1975. In 1989 its embassies in Budapest and Prague sheltered fleeing East Germans while waiting for permission to travel onwards to West Germany; permission was subsequently given by the Czechoslovakian and Hungarian governments, accelerating the collapse of socialist hegemony in Eastern Europe.
Host country | Host city | Mission | Concurrent accreditation | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Australia | Canberra | Embassy | Countries: | [154] |
Sydney | Consulate-General | [154] | ||
Fiji | Suva | Embassy | [155] | |
New Zealand | Wellington | Embassy | Countries: | [156] |
Organization | Host city | Host country | Mission | Concurrent accreditation | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conference on Disarmament | Geneva | Switzerland | Permanent Mission | [157] | |
Council of Europe | Strasbourg | France | Permanent Mission | [158] | |
European Union | Brussels | Belgium | Permanent Representation | [159] | |
Food and Agriculture Organization | Rome | Italy | Permanent Representation | International Organizations: | [160] |
NATO | Brussels | Belgium | Permanent Delegation | [161] | |
OECD | Paris | France | Permanent Representation | [162] | |
OPCW | The Hague | Netherlands | Permanent Representation | [163] | |
OSCE | Vienna | Austria | Permanent Representation | [164] | |
United Nations | New York City | United States | Permanent Mission | [165] | |
Geneva | Switzerland | Permanent Mission | [157] | ||
Vienna | Austria | Permanent Mission | International Organizations: | [166] | |
UNESCO | Paris | France | Permanent Representation | [167] |
Host country | Host city | Mission | Year closed | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Central African Republic | Bangui | Embassy | 1997 | [168] |
Equatorial Guinea | Malabo | Embassy | 2021 | [169] |
Lesotho | Maseru | Embassy | 1994 | [170] |
Sudan | Khartoum | Embassy | 2023 | [171] |
Host country | Host city | Mission | Year closed | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
United States | Seattle | Consulate | 2000 | [172] |
Host country | Host city | Mission | Year closed | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Afghanistan | Kabul | Embassy | 2021 | [173] |
Mazar-i-Sharif | Consulate-General | 2021 | [174] | |
North Korea | Pyongyang | Embassy | 2020 | [175] |
South Vietnam [lower-alpha 6] | Saigon | Embassy | 1975 | [176] |
Syria | Damascus | Embassy | 2011 | [177] |
Yemen | Sana'a | Embassy | 2015 | [178] |
Host country | Host city | Mission | Year closed | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Bosnia and Herzegovina | Banja Luka | Liaison office | 2012 | [179] |
East Germany | East Berlin | Permanent Mission | 1989/1990 | |
Italy | Naples | Consulate-General | 2013 | [180] |
Host country | Host city | Mission | Year closed | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Papua New Guinea | Port Moresby | Embassy | 1999 | [181] |
Germany regularly publishes travel warnings on the website of the Auswärtiges Amt (Federal Foreign Office) to its citizens. The Office allows German citizens to register online in a special list, the Krisenvorsorgeliste ("Crisis preparedness list") before they travel abroad (Elektronische Erfassung von Deutschen im Ausland [ELEFAND] Electronic Registration of Germans Being Abroad). With a password, the registered persons can change or update their data. The registration is voluntary and free of charge. It can be used for longer stays (longer than 3 months), but also for a vacation of only two weeks. The earliest date of registration is 10 days before the planned trip.
The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia in Berlin is the diplomatic mission of the Republic of Indonesia to the Federal Republic of Germany. In addition to the embassy, Indonesia has two consulate generals in Frankfurt and Hamburg.
The Embassy of Germanyin Athens is the chief diplomatic mission of Germany in Greece. It is located in Kolonaki, one of the most prestigious neighbourhoods in central Athens. As of 2023 the German Ambassador to Greece was Dr. Ernst Reichel.
Germany–Syria relations are the bilateral relations between Germany and Syria. Germany closed its Damascus embassy and stopped its recognition of Bashar Al-Assad in 2012 because of the Syrian civil war, but has never completely cut relations with the Syrian government.
The German Embassy in New Delhi is the diplomatic representation of Germany in the Republic of India. Since November 2020, the German Ambassador to India is also accredited to the Kingdom of Bhutan.
Germany–Morocco relations date back to the 19th century. The German Foreign Office describes Morocco as a "central partner of the European Union and Germany in North Africa," and Germany is an important trading partner for Morocco. In the past, however, relations have not always been entirely free of tension.
Germany–Ghana relations are good and Ghana is one of the priority countries for German development aid. Official Diplomatic Relations between the two countries were established in the 1950s, but contacts between the two societies go back much further and can be traced back to the 17th century.
Germany–Uzbekistan relations are the diplomatic relations between the Federal Republic of Germany and the Republic of Uzbekistan. Bilateral relations began when the Federal Republic of Germany recognized the independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan on December 31, 1991.
Germany–South Sudan relations have existed since the independence of South Sudan in 2011. In the context of the civil war in South Sudan, the Federal Republic of Germany became an important donor of humanitarian aid to South Sudan.
Germany–Mali relations gained depth and intensity in the 2010s as the German government stepped up its efforts to stabilize the Sahel region, and there were an increasing number of bilateral state visits. Germany is also increasingly engaged in security policy in Mali.
Germany–Ivory Coast relations are described by the German Foreign Office as "traditionally friendly".
Eritrea–Germany relations have existed since Eritrea's independence from Ethiopia in 1993, but they are strained by the poor human rights situation in Eritrea. Among Afro-Germans, Eritreans are now among the largest groups.
Germany–Lebanon relations are "traditionally friendly" and "very close", according to the German Foreign Office. For Lebanon, Germany is one of the most important donor countries for the care of the numerous refugees in the country. Among the Arabs in Germany, the Lebanese are among the largest groups with almost 160,000 members (2021).
Germany–Madagascar relations are "traditionally friendly", according to the German Foreign Office. Diplomatic contacts have been maintained between the two countries since the 19th century. In the 21st century, relations between the two countries are predominantly characterized by development cooperation.
The quality of Germany–Guinea relations has been subject to some fluctuations since bilateral relations were established in 1958. Due to its long history of cooperation in development policy, the Federal Republic of Germany enjoys a good reputation among the Guinean public.
Ecuador–Germany relations have existed since 1922, and in the 21st century they focus on development cooperation, environmental policy, trade and investment and education.
Bahrain-Germany relations have existed since 1972 and are described as "good" by the German Foreign Office. Germany enjoys a good reputation in Bahrain, and the German economy in particular is highly regarded.
Germany–Laos relations have existed on the bilateral level since the late 1950s.
Cambodia–Germany relations are diplomatic relations between Cambodia and Germany. Diplomatic relations between the Federal Republic of Germany and Cambodia were established on October 3, 1993. The GDR had already maintained diplomatic relations with Cambodia since 1962.