Amber Galloway

Last updated
Amber Galloway
Amber Galloway.jpg
Born (1977-03-12) March 12, 1977 (age 47)
San Antonio, Texas, United States
Other namesAmber Galloway Gallego
Education Master's degree in ASL/English interpreting
Alma mater San Antonio College
Occupation American Sign Language interpreter specializing in songs
Known forHigh-profile sign language interpretations and Deaf activism
Notable workInterpretation of Kendrick Lamar's "Fuckin' Problems"

Amber Galloway [1] (born 12 March 1977) [2] is a sign language interpreter specializing in the interpretation of concerts and music festivals, especially rap/hip-hop, into American Sign Language (ASL). She has been described as "..the most recognizable sign language interpreter in the [United States]." [3]

Contents

Biography

Early life

Galloway was born in San Antonio, Texas, and currently lives in Austin, Texas. [4] She identifies as a lesbian. [4] While Galloway is not Deaf herself, she is hard of hearing [5] : [@3:12]  and has been surrounded by members of the Deaf community since the age of five. [6] [4] Among her Deaf and hard of hearing acquaintances in early childhood were her father's girlfriend's son and the two children of her babysitter. [7] In high school, she was friends with a Deaf football player she later married. They had three sons together and fostered a Deaf son.

As a child, Galloway wanted to become a rapper, [2] and as a young adult she wanted to become a physical therapist, but a Deaf guidance counselor at her university, San Antonio College (SAC), pushed her to pursue sign language interpretation. [4] While initially skeptical, after attending one semester at the school's ASL interpretation degree program, she committed to it and graduated from SAC with an Associate of Arts degree in interpreting for the Deaf in 2000. In 2008 she graduated with her bachelor's degree in psychology and then went on to earn a master's degree in ASL/English Interpretation. [4] She interpreted her first live concert in 2001. [8] In 2005, she moved to Houston.

Lollapalooza viral video

External videos
Nuvola apps kaboodle.svg How sign language innovators are bringing music to the deaf, Interview with Galloway Gallego (2017)
Nuvola apps kaboodle.svg Sign language interpreter for Kendrick Lamar - "Fuckin Problems" At Lollapalooza The original "viral video" which brought Galloway Gallego mainstream attention

A handheld video from the crowd of Galloway interpreting A$AP Rocky's "Fuckin' Problems" (performed by Kendrick Lamar [9] ) at Lollapalooza in 2013 became a viral video hit when uploaded to YouTube. [6] [10] Although she had been interpreting at concerts since 2000, the video brought the issue of the accessibility of music to mainstream attention. [3] After the video became popular, Galloway made an appearance on Jimmy Kimmel Live! with Wiz Khalifa. [11] She has since interpreted on stage for over 400 artists such as the Red Hot Chili Peppers [12] and Snoop Dogg. [7]

Post-viral video

Galloway's hearing loss is progressive, and she expects to go completely Deaf in the future, which is one motivation for her work. [13] Currently, she uses hearing aids and lipreading along with ASL to aid in communication. [5] : [@4:20]  When not interpreting, she teaches sign language at Houston Community College (HCC). [2] [5] : [@1:20]  She also owns a company, Amber G Productions, which provides interpreters for concerts and other venues. [8] Her interpretations have been described as being in high demand among concert organizers and artists.

Personal life

In 2011 when she married a professor of psychology and her name then became Amber Galloway-Gallego. They are in the process of a divorce. Galloway has her own YouTube Channel where she has over 48k subscribers. On March 4, 2018, Galloway's son Elijah Goertz died at the age of 22. [14] A video was posted by Galloway to her YouTube channel titled "Elijah's Memorial Video".

Style

Amber Galloway @ACL 2016 Amber Galloway1467ACL2016.jpg
Amber Galloway @ACL 2016

Galloway's interpretation style incorporates nonmanual markers (such as facial expressions and body language), thorough research into the meaning of the song and the intentions of the artist, [6] and dance. [15] Because ASL is a distinct language from English with its own grammar and syntax, Galloway first must translate each song into ASL, a process which can take hours. [2] As such, her interpretations are not word-for-word versions of the interpreted song's lyrics. [11] [5] : [@13:12]  For some particularly fast-paced songs, such as Eminem's "Rap God", Galloway will sign more rapidly and use shorthand. [15]

When she is hired to interpret at a music festival, she has to memorize the lyrics of 150 songs or more at a time. [10]

While an untrained eye might mistake her interpretations for pantomime, Galloway's performances are all grammatically correct ASL. [11] She was partly inspired to interpret music for the Deaf after hosting gatherings at her house attended by many of her Deaf friends who watched her interpret music and encouraged her to do so professionally. [6] In an interview with the Houston Chronicle , Galloway noted that all of her interpretations are uncensored, and she does not feel uncomfortable signing "raunchy" lyrics as they are not her words. [2] In an interview with MTV, she described her style and motivations thus: [10]

Music is more than words, and the problem is that the interpreters, for a long time, have just focused on the words -- and not thought about all the other layers that come with it to actually make it equivalent. I show all the instruments, because [deaf people] need to be able to see the riffs. So, it's kind of like using onomatopoeia [but] in sign language.

The Week has described Galloway's style as "language, poetry, and performance all coming through at the same time." [11]

Activism

Besides watching interpretations, completely Deaf people can also feel the vibrations that sound makes, and Galloway is a proponent of music for people of all levels of hearing ability as she views it as a key part of cognitive development. [16]

Galloway has criticized concert venues who only provide closed captioning or opt to hire the lowest salary sign language interpreters who may not be properly certified or who only sign the lyrics of the song to meet the requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act. [10] [2]

Related Research Articles

Lip reading, also known as speechreading, is a technique of understanding a limited range of speech by visually interpreting the movements of the lips, face and tongue without sound. Estimates of the range of lip reading vary, with some figures as low as 30% because lip reading relies on context, language knowledge, and any residual hearing. Although lip reading is used most extensively by deaf and hard-of-hearing people, most people with normal hearing process some speech information from sight of the moving mouth.

Auslan is the sign language used by the majority of the Australian Deaf community. The term Auslan is a portmanteau of "Australian Sign Language", coined by Trevor Johnston in the 1980s, although the language itself is much older. Auslan is related to British Sign Language (BSL) and New Zealand Sign Language (NZSL); the three have descended from the same parent language, and together comprise the BANZSL language family. Auslan has also been influenced by Irish Sign Language (ISL) and more recently has borrowed signs from American Sign Language (ASL).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Language interpretation</span> Facilitating of oral or sign-language communication between users of different languages

Interpreting is a translational activity in which one produces a first and final target-language output on the basis of a one-time exposure to an expression in a source language.

The Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf, Inc (RID) is a non-profit organization founded on June 16, 1964, and incorporated in 1972, that seeks to uphold standards, ethics, and professionalism for American Sign Language interpreters. RID is currently a membership organization. The organization grants credentials earned by interpreters who have passed assessments for American Sign Language to English and English to American Sign Language interpretation and maintains their certificates by taking continuing education units. RID provides a Certification Maintenance Program (CMP) to certified members in support of skill-enhancing studies. The organization also provides the Ethical Practices System (EPS) for those who want to file grievances against members of RID. The organization also collaborated with the National Association of the Deaf (NAD) to develop the Code of Professional Conduct (CPC). The CPC Standard Practice Papers (SPP) are also available for professional interpreters to reference. RID is headquartered in Alexandria, Virginia.

Jeff McWhinney, is a leader in the UK deaf community.

Audism as described by deaf activists is a form of discrimination directed against deaf people, which may include those diagnosed as deaf from birth, or otherwise. Tom L. Humphries coined the term in his doctoral dissertation in 1975, but it did not start to catch on until Harlan Lane used it in his writing. Humphries originally applied audism to individual attitudes and practices; whereas Lane broadened the term to include oppression of deaf people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Video relay service</span> Video telecommunication service

A video relay service (VRS), also sometimes known as a video interpreting service (VIS), is a video telecommunication service that allows deaf, hard-of-hearing, and speech-impaired (D-HOH-SI) individuals to communicate over video telephones and similar technologies with hearing people in real-time, via a sign language interpreter.

<i>Signing Time!</i> American TV series or program

Signing Time! is an American television program targeted towards children aged one through eight that teaches American Sign Language. It is filmed in the United States and was created by sisters Emilie Brown and Rachel Coleman, the latter of whom hosts the series. Between 2006 and 2016, it was syndicated by American Public Television to public television stations across the US. Signing Time! is produced and distributed by Two Little Hands Productions, which is located in Salt Lake City, Utah.

Keith Wann is an American comedian and performance artist.

Telephone interpreting connects human interpreters via telephone to individuals who wish to speak to each other but do not share a common language. The telephone interpreter converts the spoken language from one language to another, enabling listeners and speakers to understand each other. Interpretation over the telephone most often takes place in consecutive mode, which means that the interpreter waits until the speaker finishes an utterance before rendering the interpretation into the other language. As the use of the telephonic modality is increasing it is allowing users to access an interpreter immediately, regardless of time and location.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sean Forbes</span> American hip hop artist (born 1982)

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References

  1. ↑ Anton, Jessie (19 May 2020). "From mathmobiles to TikTok, Sask. teachers get creative with distance learning". CBC . Retrieved 11 December 2022.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Ward, Alyson (5 May 2014). "Sign language interpreter helps deaf audiences enjoy music, dirty lyrics and all". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved 11 February 2017. Amber Galloway Gallego, 37, is a sign language instructor at HCC
  3. 1 2 Atkins, Hunter (14 October 2014). "Meet The Jay Z Of Hip-Hop Sign Language". Vibe . Archived from the original on 31 August 2018. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Smith, Megan (1 October 2014). "Sign Language Celeb". OutSmart Magazine. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Wilmore, Brittaney. IIAY17: Sign Language and Music Interpreter Amber Galloway Gallego (YouTube video). Is It Art Yet? (in English and American Sign Language). 3:12 minutes in. (a) Interviewer: And, coming from personal experience, I mean, you shared with me that you have partial hearing loss? Gallego: Yes. (b) Gallego: So I put my hearing aides on, and I still can't hear. Everything's amplified, but I still have to read lips. I depend on lipreading a lot. (c) Gallego: I've been teaching here at HCC as an adjunct instructor for about seven years now. (d) Gallego: "Turn Down for What"...that one is just a fun one, but it actually has deeper meaning. The song means, "let's party all the time, let's drink it up, but let's also dance, and dance and party the night away", so just because the words stay the same doesn't mean the meaning stays the same. You can change it throughout the song.
  6. 1 2 3 4 Schnitzler, Nicole (26 July 2016). "Lollapalooza's ASL Interpreter Is Back, With New Moves Up Her Sleeves". Chicago magazine. Retrieved 22 November 2016.
  7. 1 2 Dunn, Matthew (7 June 2015). "The woman making music for the deaf". news.com.au. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
  8. 1 2 Donaldson, Zoe (1 November 2015). "The Awesome Result of Mixing Hip-Hop and Sign Language". O, The Oprah Magazine. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
  9. ↑ "Lollapalooza 2013 Lineup: Mumford & Sons, The Killers, The Cure Headlining". Billboard. Retrieved 22 November 2016.
  10. 1 2 3 4 Fleicher, Adam (8 February 2015). "This Is Why Every Concert Stage Needs A Sign Language Interpreter". MTV News. Archived from the original on 4 August 2015. Retrieved 22 November 2016.
  11. 1 2 3 4 Okrent, Arika (10 April 2014). "3 awesome translations from this sign language rap battle on Jimmy Kimmel Live". The Week. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
  12. ↑ Tharrett, Matthew (9 August 2016). "Watch Queer ASL Interpreter Amber Galloway Gallego Rock Out With The Red Hot Chili Peppers". LOGO News. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
  13. ↑ Gallego, Amber Galloway (27 January 2016). Hearing Privilege (YouTube video) (in English and American Sign Language). 6:40 minutes in. For myself, I'm hard of hearing ... I [began to lose] my hearing about eight years ago and eventually I am going to end up being completely deaf and I realize that.
  14. ↑ "Obituary of Elijah Alan Goertz". San Saba News & Star. 14 March 2018. Retrieved 7 November 2018.
  15. 1 2 Crockett, Zachary (3 June 2015). "The Sign Language Interpreter of the Rappers". Priceonomics. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
  16. ↑ Clay, Mike; Florance, Loretta (27 May 2016). "Imagine translating a rapper live on stage in real time". ABC News. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
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