Anil Kumar Gupta (scientist)

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Prof. Anil Kumar Gupta (IIT KGP) 22GM 176.jpg
Prof. Anil Kumar Gupta (IIT KGP)

Anil Kumar Gupta (born 1960) is a scientist and researcher from India who served as a Professor in the departments of geology and geophysics at the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur. [1] He was also the director of the Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, in Dehradun, India, from 2010 to 2017. His teaching interests include applied micropaleontology, paleoceanography, and marine geosciences.

Contents

Early life and career

Gupta was born in Budaun district of Uttar Pradesh in 1960. He graduated as a Bachelor of Science with Honors (B.Sc. [Hons]) from Aligarh Muslim University in 1980 and as a Master of Science (M.Sc.) from Banaras Hindu University in 1982. [2]

Since 2003, Gupta has been working as a professor in the Department of Geology and Geophysics at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kharagpur. Prior to that, he worked as a lecturer (1987–1990), Assistant Professor (1990–1999), and Associate Professor (1999–2003) in the same institution. He was also the department's head during 2006–2009. In 2010, he became the Director of the Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun, where he served for seven years. Thereafter, he retired from the post of Professor in the Department of Geology and Geophysics at the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur in March 2025.

From 1982 to 1987, he was a research fellow at the Banaras Hindu University. In 1990, he visited Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, USA, for a year to do his post-doctoral research. Gupta also worked as a senior NRC, USA Research Scientist at National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, USA in 2001. [2]

Honors and achievements

Anil Kumar Gupta receiving TWAS Prize 2010 from The World Academy of Sciences PGupta.jpg
Anil Kumar Gupta receiving TWAS Prize 2010 from The World Academy of Sciences

Gupta has received several awards for his work in geology. In 2010, he received TWAS Prize from the World Academy of Sciences, Trieste. In 2012, he was granted the “J.C. Bose National Fellowship” by the Department of Science and Technology (DST), New Delhi, India. In 1990, the Indian Science Congress Association honored him with the “Young Scientist Award” for his remarkable contribution to Indian scientific research. In 2001, the National Research Council (NRC) of the United States of America awarded him a Senior Research Fellowship Award to work at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Lab in Boulder, Colorado. In 1999, Gupta received Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Fellowship to work at Shimane University, Matsue, Japan. [1]

His honors and achievements include:

Research

Gupta on the 22nd annual meeting of The World Academy of Sciences in Trieste, Italy 22GM 101.jpg
Gupta on the 22nd annual meeting of The World Academy of Sciences in Trieste, Italy

With a focus on the Indian monsoon, Gupta has made contributions to the fields of micropaleontology, paleoclimatology, and pale-oceanography with special reference to the Indian monsoon system. Gupta assisted in the publication of "Inventory of Glacial Lakes of Uttarakhand". [5] More than 176 of his articles have been published in high-impact journals like Nature, Science, Nature Geoscience , Scientific Reports , Geology, Geophysical Research Letters , and Palaeo3.

Gupta's work focuses on decadal to century and millennial scale changes in the South Asian/Indian monsoon system and their teleconnection with climatic shifts in the North Atlantic based on proxy records from the Arabian Sea, Indian Himalaya, and Ganga Basin. He and his team have made new insights in utilizing microfossil foraminifera from the Arabian Sea to identify both short- and long-term shifts in the South Asian/Indian monsoon during the Quaternary. [6] [7] [8] His studies have made advances in linking Asian/Indian monsoon failures to societal collapses, [9] [10] human migrations, and changes in agricultural practices in South Asia during the Holocene. His recent studies from the Himalayan and Ganga Basin lakes indicate a long arid phase during 4,350-2,900 years BP that led to the displacement of Indus settlements and a major change in agricultural practices including land use pattern. [11] Furthermore, his studies foresee more extreme events in the Asian/Indian monsoon behavior in future as the Earth will warm owing to both natural forcing and human intervention. These research findings provide means to better perform climate modeling efforts.

In order to understand the history of Indian monsoon variability, as well as oceanic changes in the Indian Ocean, Gupta has studied benthic and planktic foraminifera as well as their stable isotopes from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) cores. [2] At time scales ranging from decadal to millennial and orbital, he has made contributions to the knowledge of the past behavior of the Indian monsoon system and ocean circulation. His research includes the first description of the Indian Ocean Dipole in a paleo record, and the documentation of Bond cycles [12] in the paleo record of the Indian monsoon over the Holocene. To understand precipitation variations in the region, Gupta has initiated new research projects on lake deposits and cave carbonates (speleothems) from different parts of the Indian landmass. He has produced the longest speleothem record from India that documents important shifts in the intensity of the Indian monsoon for the first time. [13] At the Indian Institute of Technology in Kharagpur, he has created laboratories that meet international standards with the equipment necessary to do high resolution paleo-monsoonal research utilizing marine sediments, lake deposits, and cave carbonates. Gupta has also mentored twenty doctoral students.

Books and publications

Gupta has authored multiple peer-reviewed research papers in high impact-factor journals including Nature, Science, Nature Geoscience, Nature Scientific Reports, Geology and Geophysical Research Letters, etc. [14] He has published a book entitled, "Neogene Deep Water Benthic Foraminifera from the Indian Ocean – A Monograph" on Nova publishers. Some of his notable publications are listed below:

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thar Desert</span> Arid region in India and Pakistan

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Himalayas</span> Mountain range in Asia, separating Indo-Gangetic plain from Tibetan Plateau

The Himalayas, or Himalaya is a mountain range in Asia, separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The range has several peaks exceeding an elevation of 8,000 m (26,000 ft) including Mount Everest, the highest mountain on Earth. The mountain range runs for 2,400 km (1,500 mi) as an arc from west-northwest to east-southeast at the northern end of the Indian subcontinent.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Monsoon</span> Seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology</span> Research institution in Dehradun, India

Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun is an autonomous Natural Resources research institute for the study of Geology of the Himalaya under the Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India. It was established in June 1968 in the Botany Department, Delhi University, the Institute was shifted to Dehradun, Uttarakhand during April 1976.

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References

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  2. 1 2 3 4 "INSA :: Indian Fellow Detail". www.insaindia.res.in. Retrieved 2022-09-19.
  3. ↑ "Gupta, Anil Kumar". TWAS. Retrieved 2022-09-19.
  4. ↑ "Indian Academy of Sciences". fellows.ias.ac.in. Retrieved 2022-09-19.
  5. ↑ Bhamri, Rakesh; Mehta, Manish; Dobhal, Dwarika P; Gupta, Anil (September 2015). Glacial Lake Inventory of Uttarakhand. Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun 248001, India.
  6. 1 2 Gupta, Anil K.; Anderson, David M.; Overpeck, Jonathan T. (January 2003). "Abrupt changes in the Asian southwest monsoon during the Holocene and their links to the North Atlantic Ocean". Nature. 421 (6921): 354–357. Bibcode:2003Natur.421..354G. doi:10.1038/nature01340. ISSN   1476-4687. PMID   12540924. S2CID   4304234.
  7. 1 2 Anderson, David M.; Overpeck, Jonathan T.; Gupta, Anil K. (2002-07-26). "Increase in the Asian Southwest Monsoon During the Past Four Centuries". Science. 297 (5581): 596–599. Bibcode:2002Sci...297..596A. doi:10.1126/science.1072881. ISSN   0036-8075. PMID   12142536. S2CID   22269659.
  8. ↑ Gupta, Anil K.; Thomas, Ellen (2003). "Initiation of Northern Hemisphere glaciation and strengthening of the northeast Indian monsoon: Ocean Drilling Program Site 758, eastern equatorial Indian Ocean". Geology. 31 (1): 47–50. Bibcode:2003Geo....31...47G. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031<0047:ionhga>2.0.co;2 . Retrieved 2022-09-19.
  9. ↑ Singh, Shweta; Gupta, Anil K.; Rawat, Suman; Bhaumik, Ajoy K.; Kumar, Pankaj; Rai, Santosh K. (2022-08-20). "Paleomonsoonal shifts during ~13700 to 3100 yr BP in the central Ganga Basin, India with a severe arid phase at ~4.2 ka". Quaternary International. Understanding the Late Quaternary Paleomonsoon and Paleoenvironmental Shifts of Asia. 629: 65–73. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2021.01.015. ISSN   1040-6182. S2CID   234065517.
  10. ↑ Kathayat, Gayatri; Cheng, Hai; Sinha, Ashish; Yi, Liang; Li, Xianglei; Zhang, Haiwei; Li, Hangying; Ning, Youfeng; Edwards, R. Lawrence (December 2017). "The Indian monsoon variability and civilization changes in the Indian subcontinent". Science Advances. 3 (12): e1701296. Bibcode:2017SciA....3E1296K. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1701296. ISSN   2375-2548. PMC   5733109 . PMID   29255799.
  11. ↑ Dutt, Som; Gupta, Anil K.; Wünnemann, Bernd; Yan, Dada (2018-07-20). "A long arid interlude in the Indian summer monsoon during ~4,350 to 3,450 cal. yr BP contemporaneous to displacement of the Indus valley civilization". Quaternary International. 482: 83–92. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2018.04.005. ISSN   1040-6182. S2CID   134976355.
  12. ↑ Gupta, Anil K.; Das, Moumita; Anderson, David M. (September 2005). "Solar influence on the Indian summer monsoon during the Holocene: INDIAN SUMMER MONSOON-SOLAR LINK". Geophysical Research Letters. 32 (17). doi: 10.1029/2005GL022685 . S2CID   18954963.
  13. ↑ Dutt, Som; Gupta, Anil K.; Clemens, Steven C.; Cheng, Hai; Singh, Raj K.; Kathayat, Gayatri; Edwards, R. Lawrence (2015-07-16). "Abrupt changes in Indian summer monsoon strength during 33,800 to 5500 years B.P.: Indian Summer Monsoon". Geophysical Research Letters. 42 (13): 5526–5532. doi: 10.1002/2015GL064015 . S2CID   128389396.
  14. ↑ "Anil K. Gupta". scholar.google.co.in. Retrieved 2022-10-19.
  15. ↑ Gornitz, Vivien, ed. (2009). Encyclopedia of paleoclimatology and ancient environments. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer. ISBN   978-1-4020-4411-3. OCLC   318545637.
  16. ↑ Lucia Cerri Triques, Adriana (1992). Amplificação e compressão de pulsos laser de femtossegundos (Thesis). Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Repositorio Institucional. doi: 10.47749/t/unicamp.1992.63909 .
  17. ↑ A.B., Singhvi, A.K. Rupakumar, K. Thamban, M. Gupta, A.K. Kale, V.S. Yadav, R.R. Bhattacharya, A. Phadtare, N.R. Roy, P.D. Chauhan, M.S. Chauhan, O.S. Chakravorty, S. Sheikh, M.M. Manzoor, N. Adnan, M. Ashraf, J. Khan, A.M. Quadir, D.A. Devkota, L.P. Shrestha (2010-03-08). Instrumental, terrestrial and marine records of the climate of South Asia during the Holocene: Present status, unresolved problems and societal aspects. Capital Publishing Co. OCLC   713272918.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  18. ↑ De, Soma; Sarkar, Sudipta; Gupta, Anil K. (January 2010). "Orbital and suborbital variability in the equatorial Indian Ocean as recorded in sediments of the Maldives Ridge (ODP Hole 716A) during the past 444 ka". Geological Society, London, Special Publications. 342 (1): 17–27. Bibcode:2010GSLSP.342...17D. doi:10.1144/sp342.3. ISSN   0305-8719. S2CID   129034965.
  19. ↑ Rawat, U. S.; Semwal, V. P.; Suman, Dev, eds. (2014). Uttarakhand disaster : contemporary issues of climate change and development with holistic approach: Proceeding of the National Seminar on Uttarakhand Disaster: Contemporary Issues of Climate Change and Development with Holistic Approach. Dehradun, Uttarakhand. ISBN   978-81-86844-58-8. OCLC   934581858.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  20. ↑ Bhambri, Rakesh. Glacier lake inventory of Uttarakhand. OCLC   1017963495.
  21. ↑ Mehta, Manish; Dobhal, D. P.; Shukla, Tanuj; Gupta, Anil K. (2016), Singh, Rb; Schickhoff, Udo; Mal, Suraj (eds.), "Instability Processes Triggered by Heavy Rain in the Garhwal Region, Uttarakhand, India", Climate Change, Glacier Response, and Vegetation Dynamics in the Himalaya, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 219–234, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-28977-9_12, ISBN   978-3-319-28975-5 , retrieved 2022-09-19
  22. ↑ Jayangondaperumal, R.; Thakur, V. C.; Joevivek, V.; Singh Rao, Priyanka; Gupta, Anil K. (2018). Active tectonics of Kumaun and Garhwal Himalaya. Singapore. ISBN   978-981-10-8243-6. OCLC   1029075205.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  23. ↑ Mehta, Manish; Bhambri, Rakesh; Perumal, J.; Srivastava, Pradeep; Gupta, Anil K. (2018), Pal, Indrajit; Shaw, Rajib (eds.), "Uttarakhand Calamity: A Climate Revelation in the Bhagirathi River Valley Uttarakhand, India", Disaster Risk Governance in India and Cross Cutting Issues, Disaster Risk Reduction, Singapore: Springer Singapore, pp. 193–207, doi:10.1007/978-981-10-3310-0_10, ISBN   978-981-10-3309-4 , retrieved 2022-09-19
  24. ↑ Dong, Xiyu; Kathayat, Gayatri; Rasmussen, Sune O.; Svensson, Anders; Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.; Li, Hanying; Sinha, Ashish; Xu, Yao; Zhang, Haiwei; Shi, Zhengguo; Cai, Yanjun; Pérez-Mejías, Carlos; Baker, Jonathan; Zhao, Jingyao; Spötl, Christoph (2022-10-04). "Coupled atmosphere-ice-ocean dynamics during Heinrich Stadial 2". Nature Communications. 13 (1): 5867. Bibcode:2022NatCo..13.5867D. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-33583-4. ISSN   2041-1723. PMC   9532435 . PMID   36195764.
  25. ↑ Kumar Gupta, Anil (2022). Neogene Deep Water Benthic Foraminifera from the Indian Ocean – A Monograph. Nova Science Publishers. doi:10.52305/hppf1438. ISBN   979-8-88697-385-3.
  26. ↑ Kaushik, Arun; Gupta, Anil K.; Clemens, Steven C.; Kumar, Pankaj; Sanyal, Prasanta; Gupta, Priyantan; Jaiswal, Manoj Kumar; Maurya, Abhayanand S.; Sengupta, Sreya; Sharma, Rajveer; Pawar, Rahul (2023-06-01). "Paleoclimatic reconstruction of northwest Himalaya since CE 475 using lake sediments from Tadag Taal, Kumaun, India". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 619: 111544. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2023.111544. ISSN   0031-0182.
  27. ↑ Podder, Raj S. I. S.; Gupta, Anil K.; Clemens, Steven; Sanyal, Prasanta; Panigrahi, M. K. (2024-01-01). "Changes in the Indian Ocean surface hydrography driven by the seaway closure and monsoonal circulation since the late Oligocene". Global and Planetary Change. 232: 104335. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2023.104335. ISSN   0921-8181.
  28. ↑ Podder, Raj S. I. S.; Gupta, Anil K.; Sanyal, Prasanta; Clemens, Steven (2023-12-01). "Changes in surface hydrography of the western equatorial Indian Ocean during the Pleistocene: Implications for East African climate variability". Global and Planetary Change. 231: 104322. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2023.104322. ISSN   0921-8181.
  29. ↑ Mohanty, Rudra Narayan; Clemens, Steven C.; Gupta, Anil K. (2024-07-01). "Dynamic shifts in the southern Benguela upwelling system since the latest Miocene". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 637: 118729. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2024.118729. ISSN   0012-821X.
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