Apache Wicket, commonly referred to as Wicket, is a component-based web application framework for the Java programming language conceptually similar to JavaServer Faces and Tapestry. It was originally written by Jonathan Locke in April 2004. Version 1.0 was released in June 2005. It graduated into an Apache top-level project in June 2007. [2]
Traditional model-view-controller (MVC) frameworks work in terms of whole requests and whole pages. In each request cycle, the incoming request is mapped to a method on a controller object, which then generates the outgoing response in its entirety, usually by pulling data out of a model to populate a view written in specialized template markup. This keeps the application's flow-of-control simple and clear, but can make code reuse in the controller difficult.
In contrast, Wicket is closely patterned after stateful GUI frameworks such as Swing. Wicket applications are trees of components, which use listener delegates to react to HTTP requests against links and forms in the same way that Swing components react to mouse and keystroke events. Wicket is categorized as a component-based framework.
Wicket uses plain XHTML for templating (which enforces a clear separation of presentation and business logic and allows templates to be edited with conventional WYSIWYG design tools [3] ). Each component is bound to a named element in the XHTML and becomes responsible for rendering that element in the final output. The page is simply the top-level containing component and is paired with exactly one XHTML template. Using a special tag, a group of individual components may be abstracted into a single component called a panel, which can then be reused whole in that page, other pages, or even other panels.
Each component is backed by its own model, which represents the state of the component. The framework does not have knowledge of how components interact with their models, which are treated as opaque objects automatically serialized and persisted between requests. More complex models, however, may be made detachable and provide hooks to arrange their own storage and restoration at the beginning and end of each request cycle. Wicket does not mandate any particular object-persistence or ORM layer, so applications often use some combination of Hibernate objects[ citation needed ], EJBs or POJOs as models.
In Wicket, all server side state is automatically managed. You should never directly use an HttpSession object or similar wrapper to store state. Instead, state is associated with components. Each server-side page component holds a nested hierarchy of stateful components, where each component's model is, in the end, a POJO (Plain Old Java Object)
Wicket aims for simplicity. There are no configuration files to learn in Wicket. Wicket is a simple class library with a consistent approach to component structure.
A Hello World Wicket application, with four files:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><htmlxmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"xmlns:wicket="http://wicket.apache.org/dtds.data/wicket-xhtml1.3-strict.dtd"xml:lang="en"lang="en"><body><spanwicket:id="message"id="message">Messagegoeshere</span></body></html>packageorg.wikipedia.wicket;importorg.apache.wicket.markup.html.WebPage;importorg.apache.wicket.markup.html.basic.Label;publicclassHelloWorldextendsWebPage{/** * Constructor */publicHelloWorld(){add(newLabel("message","Hello World!"));}}packageorg.wikipedia.wicket;importorg.apache.wicket.protocol.http.WebApplication;publicclassHelloWorldApplicationextendsWebApplication{/** * Constructor. */publicHelloWorldApplication(){}/** * @see org.apache.wicket.Application#getHomePage() */publicClassgetHomePage(){returnHelloWorld.class;}}<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-appxmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"id="WebApp_ID"version="2.5"><display-name>WicketExample</display-name><filter><filter-name>HelloWorldApplication</filter-name><filter-class>org.apache.wicket.protocol.http.WicketFilter</filter-class><init-param><param-name>applicationClassName</param-name><param-value>org.wikipedia.wicket.HelloWorldApplication</param-value></init-param></filter><filter-mapping><filter-name>HelloWorldApplication</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping></web-app>Basic components like form, links, repeaters, and so on are built-in.
| Series | Description | Latest release | Latest release date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10.x | Migrated from Javax APIs to Jakarta APIs. Depedencies upgraded to support Spring Framework 6 and therefore moving to Java 17 as the required minimum platform, and compatible with Java 21. CGLib is replaced with ByteBuddy. [4] | 10.0.0 | 2024-03-11 |
| 9.x | Moving to Java 11 as the required minimum platform, migrated from JUnit 4 to 5, support for Java 12 and 13, rework page and data storage and other improvements. [5] | 9.16.0 | 2023-11-23 |
| 8.x | Moving to Java 8 as the required minimum platform. Support for Lambdas, required Servlet API version moving to 3.1, support for the new types for handling dates and other improvements. [6] Recommended to upgrade to 9.x version. | 8.14.0 | 2022-01-29 |
| 7.x | Moving to Java 7 as the required minimum platform, cross site request forgery prevention, support for inline images. The release consist of almost 300 features, improvements and fixes. [7] Only security fixes, recommended to upgrade to 9.x version. | 7.18.0 | 2021-04-02 |
| 6.x | Moving to Java 6 as the required minimum platform. Out-of-the box jQuery integration, complete control over AJAX requests, improved event registration in browsers, support for large datasets, dependency management for client side JavaScript libraries, experimental support for websockets. [8] | 6.30.0 | 2018-12-05 |
| 1.5.x | Improvements of the Wicket features. [9] | 1.5.16 | 2016-08-05 |
| 1.4.x | Moving to Java 5 as the required minimum platform. [10] | 1.4.23 | 2014-02-06 |
| 1.3.x | 1.3.7 | 2009-07-30 | |
| 1.2.x | 1.2.7 | 2008-03-23 | |
| 1.1.x | 1.1.1 | TBD | |
| 1.0.x | 1.0.3 | TBD | |
Old version Older version, still maintained Latest version Latest preview version | |||
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