Apache CloudStack

Last updated
CloudStack
Original author(s) Cloud.com, Citrix
Developer(s) Apache Software Foundation
Stable release
4.21.x (LTS)4.21.0.0 / August 24, 2025;33 days ago (2025-08-24) [1]
4.17.x (LTS)4.17.2.0 / December 16, 2022;2 years ago (2022-12-16) [1]
Repository CloudStack Repository
Written in Java (primarily), Python
Platform Java
Type Cloud computing
License Apache License 2.0
Website cloudstack.apache.org

CloudStack is open-source Infrastructure-as-a-Service cloud computing software for creating, managing, and deploying infrastructure cloud services. It uses existing hypervisor platforms for virtualization, such as KVM, VMware vSphere, including ESXi and vCenter, XenServer/XCP and XCP-ng. In addition to its own API, CloudStack also supports the Amazon Web Services (AWS) API [2] and the Open Cloud Computing Interface from the Open Grid Forum. [3]

Contents

History

CloudStack was originally developed by Cloud.com, formerly known as VMOps. [4]

VMOps was founded by Sheng Liang, Shannon Williams, Alex Huang, Will Chan, and Chiradeep Vittal in 2008. [5] [6] The company raised a total of $17.6M in venture funding [7] from Redpoint Ventures, Nexus Ventures and Index Ventures (Redpoint and Nexus led the initial Series A funding round). The company changed its name from VMOps to Cloud.com on May 4, 2010, when it emerged from stealth mode by announcing its product. [8] [4] [9] Cloud.com was based in Cupertino, California.

In May 2010, Cloud.com released most of CloudStack as free software under the GNU General Public License, version 3 (GPLv3). [10] They kept about 5% proprietary. [11] Cloud.com and Citrix both supported OpenStack, another Apache-licensed cloud computing program, at its announcement in July 2010. [12] [13] [14]

In October 2010, Cloud.com announced a partnership with Microsoft to develop the code to provide integration and support of Windows Server 2008 R2 Hyper-V to the OpenStack project. [15]

Citrix Systems purchased Cloud.com on July 12, 2011, for approximately $200 million. [16] [17] [18] In August 2011, Citrix released the remaining code under the Apache Software License with further development governed by the Apache Foundation. [11] In February 2012, Citrix released CloudStack 3.0. Among other features, this added support for Swift, OpenStack's S3-like object storage solution. [19]

In April 2012, Citrix donated CloudStack to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF), where it was accepted into the Apache Incubator; Citrix changed the license to the Apache License version 2. As part of this change, Citrix also ceased their involvement in OpenStack. [20] On November 6, 2012, CloudStack 4.0.0-incubating was announced, [21] the first stable release after joining ASF. On March 20, 2013, CloudStack graduated from Apache Incubator and became a Top-Level Project (TLP) of ASF. [22] The first stable (maintenance) release after graduation is CloudStack 4.0.2. [23]

Key features

[24]

Supported Hypervisors

Hypervisor [25] VersionEOL (End Of Life)
VMware vSphere6.515/10/2022 [26]
VMware vSphere6.715/10/2022 [26]
VMware vSphere7.002/04/2025 [26]
VMware vSphere8.011/10/2029
Citrix Hypervisor7.112/12/2023 [27]
Citrix Hypervisor7.212/12/2023 [27]
Citrix Hypervisor7.412/12/2023 [27]
Citrix Hypervisor7.512/12/2023 [27]
Citrix Hypervisor8.025/07/2025 [28]
XCP-ng7.431/12/2018 [28]
XCP-ng7.630/03/2020 [28]
XCP-ng8.013/11/2020 [28]
XCP-ng8.131/03/2021 [28]
XCP-ng8.225/06/2025 [28]
Centos / Red Hat  KVM730/08/2021 [29]
Centos / Red Hat  KVM831/05/2029 [29]
Rocky/Alma Linux / Red Hat KVM931 May 2034
Ubuntu / KVM182028 [30]
Ubuntu / KVM202030 [30]
Ubuntu / KVM222027
Opensuse Leap / KVM1504/01/2022 [31]
Suse Linux Enterprise Server1531/07/2028 [32]
Rocky Linux82029 [33]
Red Hat / LXC730/08/2021 [29]
Microsoft Hyper-V2012 R210/10/2023 [34]

BareMetal hosts

Deployment architecture

The minimum production installation consists of one machine running the CloudStack Management Server and another machine to act as the cloud infrastructure (in this case, a very simple infrastructure consisting of one host running hypervisor software). In its smallest deployment, a single machine can act as both the Management Server and the hypervisor host (using the KVM hypervisor). [35]

Multiple management servers can be configured for redundancy and load balancing, all pointing to a common MySQL database.

Users

In July 2012 it was reported that Datapipe launched the largest international public cloud to be built on CloudStack, which included 6 data centers in the US, Britain, and Asia. [36]

References

  1. 1 2 "Releases · apache/cloudstack". github.com. Archived from the original on 2025-01-15. Retrieved 2025-09-26.
  2. ↑ "Supported AWS API Calls". Archived from the original on June 26, 2013. Retrieved May 17, 2013.
  3. ↑ "OCCI Interface to CloudStack". 5 November 2013. Archived from the original on 8 March 2014. Retrieved Feb 26, 2014.
  4. 1 2 Timothy Prickett Morgan (May 4, 2010). "Cloud.com takes on virty infrastructure". The Channel. Archived from the original on August 13, 2016. Retrieved December 12, 2017.
  5. ↑ John Fontana (January 28, 2009). "Start-up VMOps aims to ease cloud deployments". Network World. Archived from the original on December 13, 2017. Retrieved June 1, 2013.
  6. ↑ "Company Overview". VMOps web site. Archived from the original on January 22, 2009. Retrieved June 1, 2013.
  7. ↑ "More Cash for Hot New Cloud Startup, VMOps". Gigaom.com. February 18, 2010. Archived from the original on February 21, 2010. Retrieved June 18, 2012.
  8. ↑ "Cloud.com Launches, Extends Leadership Team and Announces New Funding" (Press release). Cloud.com. May 4, 2010. Archived from the original on September 19, 2010.
  9. ↑ Dave Rosenberg (May 4, 2010). "Cloud.com software stack goes open source". Software, Interrupted. CNET News. Archived from the original on October 26, 2012. Retrieved June 18, 2012.
  10. ↑ "Cloud.com launches, announces funding, open source" (Press release). May 4, 2010. Archived from the original on September 18, 2010.
  11. 1 2 "CloudStack Process Changes: Working the Apache Way". CloudStack. April 17, 2012. Archived from the original on April 29, 2012.
  12. ↑ "NASA and Rackspace open source cloud fluffer". The Register. July 19, 2010. Archived from the original on November 25, 2017. Retrieved May 27, 2012.
  13. ↑ Peder Ulander (July 22, 2010). "You Are Now Free to Move About in the Cloud". OpenStack blog. Archived from the original on March 13, 2012. Retrieved June 1, 2013.
  14. ↑ Clark, Jack (July 19, 2010). "Nasa, Rackspace launch OpenStack cloud interoperability scheme | Cloud | ZDNet UK". Zdnet.co.uk. Archived from the original on March 19, 2012. Retrieved June 18, 2012.
  15. ↑ Harris, Derrick Harris (October 22, 2010). "Microsoft Joins OpenStack to Add Hyper-V Support." Archived 2021-08-03 at the Wayback Machine Gigaom.com Archived 2011-09-18 at the Wayback Machine . Retrieved November 2011.
  16. ↑ "Citrix & Cloud.com". Citrix.com. July 12, 2011. Archived from the original on March 13, 2012. Retrieved June 18, 2012.
  17. ↑ "Citrix Makes a Run at the Cloud". BusinessWeek. July 14, 2011. Archived from the original on July 18, 2011. Retrieved May 27, 2012.
  18. ↑ "Citrix Buys Cloud.com for More Than $200 Million; Redpoint Is on a Roll". TechCrunch. July 12, 2011. Archived from the original on July 14, 2011. Retrieved May 27, 2012.
  19. ↑ "Citrix CloudStack 3 Brings the Power of Amazon-Style Clouds to Customers of All Sizes". Citrix. February 13, 2012. Archived from the original on May 11, 2012. Retrieved May 27, 2012.
  20. ↑ "Citrix Splits With OpenStack, Takes Cloud to Apache". Wired. April 4, 2012. Retrieved May 27, 2012.
  21. ↑ "Apache CloudStack 4.0.0-incubating Released". Apache Software Foundation. November 6, 2012. Archived from the original on May 12, 2013. Retrieved May 17, 2013.
  22. ↑ "CloudStack Project Incubation Status". Apache Software Foundation. March 20, 2013. Archived from the original on May 20, 2013. Retrieved May 17, 2013.
  23. ↑ "Apache CloudStack 4.0.2 Released". Apache Software Foundation. April 24, 2013. Archived from the original on May 12, 2013. Retrieved May 17, 2013.
  24. ↑ "Features". CloudStack. Archived from the original on 2022-03-30. Retrieved 2016-09-02.
  25. ↑ "Compatibility Matrix — Apache CloudStack 4.16.0.0 documentation". docs.cloudstack.apache.org. Archived from the original on 2022-02-22. Retrieved 2022-02-22.
  26. 1 2 3 "Product Lifecycle Matrix". lifecycle.vmware.com. Archived from the original on 2022-03-02. Retrieved 2022-02-22.
  27. 1 2 3 4 "Citrix Hypervisor and XenServer | Legacy Documentation". docs.citrix.com. Archived from the original on 2022-02-22. Retrieved 2022-02-22.
  28. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Releases | XCP-ng documentation". xcp-ng.org. Archived from the original on 2022-02-22. Retrieved 2022-02-22.
  29. 1 2 3 "Red Hat Enterprise Linux Life Cycle". Red Hat Customer Portal. Archived from the original on 2022-03-10. Retrieved 2022-02-22.
  30. 1 2 "Ubuntu release cycle". Ubuntu. Archived from the original on 2019-10-09. Retrieved 2022-02-22.
  31. ↑ "Lifetime - openSUSE Wiki". en.opensuse.org. Archived from the original on 2010-07-26. Retrieved 2022-02-22.
  32. ↑ "Product Support Lifecycle | SUSE". www.suse.com (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2022-02-22. Retrieved 2022-02-22.
  33. ↑ "What is EOL of RL8". Rocky Linux Forum. 2021-10-12. Archived from the original on 2022-02-22. Retrieved 2022-02-22.
  34. ↑ GitHub-Name. "Windows Server 2012 R2 - Microsoft Lifecycle". docs.microsoft.com. Archived from the original on 2022-02-22. Retrieved 2022-02-22.
  35. ↑ "Deployment Architecture Overview". CloudStack. Archived from the original on May 4, 2013. Retrieved May 17, 2013.
  36. ↑ "Datapipe launches largest CloudStack deployment". NetworkWorld. July 17, 2012. Archived from the original on June 23, 2013. Retrieved Jan 31, 2013.
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