Google Cloud Platform

Last updated

Google Cloud Platform
Google Cloud logo.svg
Owner Google
CEO Thomas Kurian
Industry Web service, cloud computing
Revenue Increase2.svgUS$33.1 billion (2023) [1]
Operating income Increase2.svgUS$1.72 billion (2023) [1]
URL cloud.google.com
LaunchedApril 7, 2008;16 years ago (2008-04-07)
Current statusActive
Written in
ASN 396982 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
Google Cloud App
Stable release(s) [±]
Android1.24 (Build 682222677) / 4 October 2024;2 months ago (2024-10-04) [2] [3]
iOS1.28.349 / 5 October 2024;2 months ago (2024-10-05)
Platform Android, iOS
Website cloud.google.com/app

Google Cloud Platform (GCP) is a suite of cloud computing services offered by Google that provides a series of modular cloud services including computing, data storage, data analytics, and machine learning, alongside a set of management tools. [4] It runs on the same infrastructure that Google uses internally for its end-user products, such as Google Search, Gmail, and Google Docs, according to Verma et al. [5] Registration requires a credit card or bank account details. [6]

Contents

Google Cloud Platform provides infrastructure as a service, platform as a service, and serverless computing environments.

In April 2008, Google announced App Engine, a platform for developing and hosting web applications in Google-managed data centers, which was the first cloud computing service from the company. The service became generally available in November 2011. Since the announcement of App Engine, Google added multiple cloud services to the platform.

Google Cloud Platform is a part [7] of Google Cloud, which includes the Google Cloud Platform public cloud infrastructure, as well as Google Workspace (G Suite), enterprise versions of Android and ChromeOS, and application programming interfaces (APIs) for machine learning and enterprise mapping services. Since at least 2022, [8] Google's official materials have stated that "Google Cloud" is the new name for "Google Cloud Platform," which may cause naming confusion.

Challenges

Like other cloud computing solutions, applications hosted on Google Cloud Platform are subject to the fallacies of distributed computing, a series of misconceptions that can lead to significant issues in software development and deployment. [9]

Products

Conference presentation on Google Container Engine/Kubernetes Kubernetes talk at Google Cloud Summit.jpg
Conference presentation on Google Container Engine/Kubernetes

Google lists over 100 products under the Google Cloud brand. Some of the key services are listed below.

Compute

Storage and databases

Networking

Google Cloud Network Topology - External Load Balancer Architecture.png

Big data

Cloud AI

Management tools

Identity and security

Internet of things (IoT)

API platform

Regions and zones

A region is a specific geographical location where users can deploy cloud resources. Each region is an independent geographic area that consists of zones.

A zone is a deployment area for Google Cloud Platform resources within a region. Zones should be considered a single failure domain within a region. Most regions have three zones.

As of Q1 2024, Google Cloud Platform is available in 40 regions and 121 zones. This is a list of those regions and zones: [45] [46]

GCP Regions & Zones
Region NameLaunch DateLocationZones
us-west12016-Q3The Dalles, Oregon, US
  • us-west1-a
  • us-west1-b
  • us-west1-c
us-west22018-Q3Los Angeles, California, US
  • us-west2-a
  • us-west2-b
  • us-west2-c
us-west32020-Q1Salt Lake City, Utah, US
  • us-west3-a
  • us-west3-b
  • us-west3-c
us-west42020-Q2Las Vegas, Nevada, US
  • us-west4-a
  • us-west4-b
  • us-west4-c
us-central1 [47] 2009Council Bluffs, Iowa, US
  • us-central1-a
  • us-central1-b
  • us-central1-c
  • us-central1-f
us-east12015-Q4Moncks Corner, South Carolina, US
  • us-east1-b
  • us-east1-c
  • us-east1-d
us-east42017-Q2Ashburn, Virginia, US
  • us-east4-a
  • us-east4-b
  • us-east4-c
us-east52022-Q2Columbus, Ohio, USA
  • us-east5-a
  • us-east5-b
  • us-east5-c
us-south12022-Q2Dallas, Texas, US
  • us-south1-a
  • us-south1-b
  • us-south1-c
northamerica-northeast12018-Q1Montréal, Canada
  • northamerica-northeast1-a
  • northamerica-northeast1-b
  • northamerica-northeast1-c
northamerica-northeast22021-Q3Toronto, Canada
  • northamerica-northeast2-a
  • northamerica-northeast2-b
  • northamerica-northeast2-c
southamerica-east12017-Q3São Paulo, Brazil
  • southamerica-east1-a
  • southamerica-east1-b
  • southamerica-east1-c
southamerica-west12021-Q3Santiago, Chile
  • southamerica-west1-a
  • southamerica-west1-b
  • southamerica-west1-c
europe-west1St. Ghislain, Belgium
  • europe-west1-b
  • europe-west1-c
  • europe-west1-d
europe-west22017-Q2London, UK
  • europe-west2-a
  • europe-west2-b
  • europe-west2-c
europe-west32017-Q3Frankfurt, Germany
  • europe-west3-a
  • europe-west3-b
  • europe-west3-c
europe-west42018-Q1Eemshaven, Netherlands
  • europe-west4-a
  • europe-west4-b
  • europe-west4-c
europe-west62019-Q1Zurich, Switzerland
  • europe-west6-a
  • europe-west6-b
  • europe-west6-c
europe-west82022-Q2Milan, Italy
  • europe-west8-a
  • europe-west8-b
  • europe-west8-c
europe-west92022-Q2Paris, France
  • europe-west9-a
  • europe-west9-b
  • europe-west9-c
europe-west102023-Q3Berlin, Germany
  • europe-west10-a
  • europe-west10-b
  • europe-west10-c
europe-west122023-Q1Turin, Italy
  • europe-west12-a
  • europe-west12-b
  • europe-west12-c
europe-central22021-Q2Warsaw, Poland
  • europe-central2-a
  • europe-central2-b
  • europe-central2-c
europe-north12018-Q2Hamina, Finland
  • europe-north1-a
  • europe-north1-b
  • europe-north1-c
europe-southwest12022-Q2Madrid, Spain
  • europe-southwest1-a
  • europe-southwest1-b
  • europe-southwest1-c
me-west12022-Q4Tel Aviv, Israel
  • me-west1-a
  • me-west1-b
  • me-west1-c
me-central12023-Q2Doha, Qatar
  • me-central1-a
  • me-central1-b
  • me-central1-c
me-central2 [48] 2023-Q4Dammam, Saudi Arabia
  • me-central2-a
  • me-central2-b
  • me-central2-c
asia-south12017-Q4Mumbai, India
  • asia-south1-a
  • asia-south1-b
  • asia-south1-c
asia-south22021-Q2Delhi, India
  • asia-south2-a
  • asia-south2-b
  • asia-south2-c
asia-southeast12017-Q2Jurong West, Singapore
  • asia-southeast1-a
  • asia-southeast1-b
  • asia-southeast1-c
asia-southeast22020-Q2Jakarta, Indonesia
  • asia-southeast2-a
  • asia-southeast2-b
  • asia-southeast2-c
asia-east1 [49] 2013-Q4Changhua County, Taiwan
  • asia-east1-a
  • asia-east1-b
  • asia-east1-c
asia-east22018-Q3Hong Kong
  • asia-east2-a
  • asia-east2-b
  • asia-east2-c
asia-northeast12016-Q4Tokyo, Japan
  • asia-northeast1-a
  • asia-northeast1-b
  • asia-northeast1-c
asia-northeast22019-Q2Osaka, Japan
  • asia-northeast2-a
  • asia-northeast2-b
  • asia-northeast2-c
asia-northeast32020-Q1Seoul, Korea
  • asia-northeast3-a
  • asia-northeast3-b
  • asia-northeast3-c
australia-southeast12017-Q3Sydney, Australia
  • australia-southeast1-a
  • australia-southeast1-b
  • australia-southeast1-c
australia-southeast22021-Q2Melbourne, Australia
  • australia-southeast2-a
  • australia-southeast2-b
  • australia-southeast2-c
africa-south1 [50] 2024-Q1Johannesburg, South Africa
  • africa-south1-a
  • africa-south1-b
  • africa-south1-c

Similarity to services by other cloud service providers

For those familiar with other notable cloud service providers, a comparison of similar services may be helpful in understanding Google Cloud Platform's offerings.

Google Cloud Platform Amazon Web Services [51] Microsoft Azure [52] Oracle Cloud [53]
Google Compute Engine Amazon EC2 Azure Virtual Machines Oracle Cloud Infra OCI
Google App Engine AWS Elastic Beanstalk Azure App ServicesOracle Application Container
Google Kubernetes EngineAmazon Elastic Kubernetes ServiceAzure Kubernetes ServiceOracle Kubernetes Service
Google Cloud Bigtable Amazon DynamoDB Azure Cosmos DB Oracle NoSQL Database
Google BigQuery Amazon Redshift Azure Synapse AnalyticsOracle Autonomous Data Warehouse
Google Cloud Functions AWS Lambda Azure FunctionsOracle Cloud Fn
Google Cloud Datastore Amazon DynamoDB Azure Cosmos DB Oracle NoSQL Database
Google Cloud Storage Amazon S3 Azure Blob StorageOracle Cloud Storage OCI

Timeline

Google Cloud Summit in 2017 GoogleCloudSummitKeynote.jpg
Google Cloud Summit in 2017

Public Customers

Customers announced in 2023 include: Kingfisher plc, [99] the Government of Kuwait, [100] Deutsche Börse Group, [101] Unity Technologies, [102] Uber, [103] FanCode, [104] and Daimler. [105]

See also

Related Research Articles

Data engineering refers to the building of systems to enable the collection and usage of data. This data is usually used to enable subsequent analysis and data science, which often involves machine learning. Making the data usable usually involves substantial compute and storage, as well as data processing.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud</span> Cloud computing platform

Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) is a part of Amazon's cloud-computing platform, Amazon Web Services (AWS), that allows users to rent virtual computers on which to run their own computer applications. EC2 encourages scalable deployment of applications by providing a web service through which a user can boot an Amazon Machine Image (AMI) to configure a virtual machine, which Amazon calls an "instance", containing any software desired. A user can create, launch, and terminate server-instances as needed, paying by the second for active servers – hence the term "elastic". EC2 provides users with control over the geographical location of instances that allows for latency optimization and high levels of redundancy. In November 2010, Amazon switched its own retail website platform to EC2 and AWS.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Google App Engine</span> Cloud-based web application hosting service

Google App Engine is a cloud computing platform used as a service for developing and hosting web applications. Applications are sandboxed and run across multiple Google-managed servers. GAE supports automatic scaling for web applications, allocating more resources to the web application as the amount of requests increases. It was released as a preview in April 2008 and launched officially in September 2011.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Microsoft Azure</span> Cloud computing platform by Microsoft

Microsoft Azure, or just Azure, is the cloud computing platform developed by Microsoft. It has management, access and development of applications and services to individuals, companies, and governments through its global infrastructure. It also provides capabilities that are usually not included within other cloud platforms, including software as a service (SaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), and infrastructure as a service (IaaS). Microsoft Azure supports many programming languages, tools, and frameworks, including Microsoft-specific and third-party software and systems.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">AppScale</span> American cloud infrastructure software company

AppScale is a software company that offers cloud infrastructure software and services to enterprises, government agencies, contractors, and third-party service providers. The company commercially supports one software product, AppScale ATS, a managed hybrid cloud infrastructure software platform that emulates the core AWS APIs. In 2019, the company ended commercial support for its open-source serverless computing platform AppScale GTS, but AppScale GTS source code remains freely available to the open-source community.

A cloud database is a database that typically runs on a cloud computing platform and access to the database is provided as-a-service. There are two common deployment models: users can run databases on the cloud independently, using a virtual machine image, or they can purchase access to a database service, maintained by a cloud database provider. Of the databases available on the cloud, some are SQL-based and some use a NoSQL data model.

SingleStore is a distributed, relational, SQL database management system (RDBMS) that features ANSI SQL support, it is known for speed in data ingest, transaction processing, and query processing.

Backend as a service (BaaS), sometimes also referred to as mobile backend as a service (MBaaS), is a service for providing web app and mobile app developers with a way to easily build a backend to their frontend applications. Features available include user management, push notifications, and integration with social networking services. These services are provided via the use of custom software development kits (SDKs) and application programming interfaces (APIs). BaaS is a relatively recent development in cloud computing, with most BaaS startups dating from 2011 or later. Some of the most popular service providers are AWS Amplify and Firebase.

Docker is a set of platform as a service (PaaS) products that use OS-level virtualization to deliver software in packages called containers. The service has both free and premium tiers. The software that hosts the containers is called Docker Engine. It was first released in 2013 and is developed by Docker, Inc.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">DigitalOcean</span> American cloud infrastructure provider

DigitalOcean Holdings, Inc. is an American multinational technology company and cloud service provider. The company is headquartered in New York City, New York, US, with 15 globally distributed data centers. DigitalOcean provides developers, startups, and SMBs with cloud infrastructure-as-a-service platforms.

Kubernetes is an open-source container orchestration system for automating software deployment, scaling, and management. Originally designed by Google, the project is now maintained by a worldwide community of contributors, and the trademark is held by the Cloud Native Computing Foundation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mirantis</span> Cloud computing software and services company

Mirantis Inc. is a Campbell, California, based B2B open source cloud computing software and services company. Its primary container and cloud management products, part of the Mirantis Cloud Native Platform suite of products, are Mirantis Container Cloud and Mirantis Kubernetes Engine. The company focuses on the development and support of container and cloud infrastructure management platforms based on Kubernetes and OpenStack. The company was founded in 1999 by Alex Freedland and Boris Renski. It was one of the founding members of the OpenStack Foundation, a non-profit corporate entity established in September, 2012 to promote OpenStack software and its community. Mirantis has been an active member of the Cloud Native Computing Foundation since 2016.

Autoscaling, also spelled auto scaling or auto-scaling, and sometimes also called automatic scaling, is a method used in cloud computing that dynamically adjusts the amount of computational resources in a server farm - typically measured by the number of active servers - automatically based on the load on the farm. For example, the number of servers running behind a web application may be increased or decreased automatically based on the number of active users on the site. Since such metrics may change dramatically throughout the course of the day, and servers are a limited resource that cost money to run even while idle, there is often an incentive to run "just enough" servers to support the current load while still being able to support sudden and large spikes in activity. Autoscaling is helpful for such needs, as it can reduce the number of active servers when activity is low, and launch new servers when activity is high. Autoscaling is closely related to, and builds upon, the idea of load balancing.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Apache Flink</span> Framework and distributed processing engine

Apache Flink is an open-source, unified stream-processing and batch-processing framework developed by the Apache Software Foundation. The core of Apache Flink is a distributed streaming data-flow engine written in Java and Scala. Flink executes arbitrary dataflow programs in a data-parallel and pipelined manner. Flink's pipelined runtime system enables the execution of bulk/batch and stream processing programs. Furthermore, Flink's runtime supports the execution of iterative algorithms natively.

"Serverless computing is a cloud service category in which the customer can use different cloud capabilities types without the customer having to provision, deploy and manage either hardware or software resources, other than providing customer application code or providing customer data. Serverless computing represents a form of virtualized computing." according to ISO/IEC 22123-2 Function as a service and serverless database are two forms of serverless computing.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oracle Cloud</span> Cloud computing service

Oracle Cloud is a cloud computing service offered by Oracle Corporation providing servers, storage, network, applications and services through a global network of Oracle Corporation managed data centers. The company allows these services to be provisioned on demand over the Internet.

Google Cloud Dataflow is a fully managed service for executing Apache Beam pipelines within the Google Cloud Platform ecosystem. Dataflow provides a fully managed service for executing Apache Beam pipelines, offering features like autoscaling, dynamic work rebalancing, and a managed execution environment.

TiDB is an open-source NewSQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional and Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. Designed to be MySQL compatible, it is developed and supported primarily by PingCAP and licensed under Apache 2.0. It is also available as a paid product. TiDB drew its initial design inspiration from Google's Spanner and F1 papers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IBM Cloud</span> Cloud computing services provided by IBM

IBM Cloud is a set of cloud computing services for business offered by the information technology company IBM.

The Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF) is a Linux Foundation project that was started in 2015 to help advance container technology and align the tech industry around its evolution.

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