Android Studio

Last updated

Android Studio
Developer(s) Google, JetBrains
Stable release
2024.2.2 Patch 1 [1]   OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg / 13 February 2025;14 days ago (13 February 2025)
Preview release
2024.3.2 Canary 5 [2]   OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg / 13 February 2025;14 days ago (13 February 2025)
Written in Java, Kotlin and C++
Operating system Windows, macOS, Linux (including ChromeOS) [3]
Size 8.1 to 9.5 GB [3]
Type Integrated development environment (IDE)
License Binaries: Freeware, [4] Source code: [5] [6] Apache License (except SDK updates with proprietary license)[ citation needed ]
Website developer.android.com/studio

Android Studio is the official [7] integrated development environment (IDE) for Google's Android operating system, built on JetBrains' IntelliJ IDEA software and designed specifically for Android development. [8] This is available for download on Windows, macOS and Linux based operating systems. [9] It is a replacement for the Eclipse Android Development Tools (E-ADT) as the primary IDE for native (local) Android application development. Android Studio is licensed under the Apache license but it also ships with some SDK updates that are under a non-free license, making it not an open source. [10]

Contents

Android Studio was announced on May 16, 2013, at the Google I/O conference. It was in early access preview stage starting from version 0.1 in May 2013, then entered beta stage starting from version 0.8 which was released in June 2014. [11] The first stable build was released in December 2014, starting from version 1.0. [12] At the end of 2015, Google dropped support for Eclipse ADT, making Android Studio the only officially supported IDE for Android development. [13]

On May 7, 2019, Kotlin replaced Java as Google's preferred language for Android app development. [14] Java is still supported, as is C++. [15]

Features

Plugin Ecosystem and Extensibility

Android Studio's architecture is designed to be highly extensible, allowing developers to tailor the IDE to their specific needs through a robust plugin ecosystem. Plugins can introduce new functionalities, integrate external tools, and enhance existing features, thereby streamlining the development process.

Built-in Plugins: Essential tools integrated into Android Studio, such as Android Support, Kotlin Support, and Git Integration.

Third-Party Plugins: Popular community-driven extensions like Firebase Assistant, ButterKnife Zelezny, and SQLDelight, which expand functionality.

Developing Custom Plugins: The process of building new plugins using the IntelliJ Platform SDK and Gradle pluginsfor automation and customization.

Managing Plugins: Best practices for installing, updating, and optimizing plugins to maintain performance and compatibility.

Built-in Plugins

Out of the box, Android Studio includes a set of built-in plugins that support essential development tasks:

Third-Party Plugins

Beyond the built-in options, developers can access a vast array of third-party plugins to extend Android Studio's capabilities:

These plugins, among many others, are available through the JetBrains Plugin Repository and can be easily installed via Android Studio's plugin manager. [16]

Developing Custom Plugins

For specialized requirements, developers have the option to create custom plugins:

Comprehensive documentation and community resources are available to guide developers through the process of plugin development, ensuring that even complex extensions can be implemented effectively. [18]

Managing Plugins

Effective management of plugins is crucial to maintain an optimal development environment:

By leveraging the plugin ecosystem, developers can customize Android Studio to align with their workflows, integrate preferred tools, and enhance productivity, making it a versatile environment for Android application development.

The following features are provided in the current stable version: [19] [20]

Android Studio supports all the same programming languages of IntelliJ (and CLion) e.g. Java, C++, and with more extensions, such as Go; [23] and Android Studio 3.0 or later supports Kotlin, [24] and "Android Studio includes support for using a number of Java 11+ APIs without requiring a minimum API level for your app". [25] External projects backport some Java 9 features. [26] While IntelliJ states that Android Studio supports all released Java versions, and Java 12, it's not clear to what level Android Studio supports Java versions up to Java 12 (the documentation mentions partial Java 8 support). At the very least some new language features up to Java 12 are also usable in Android. [27]

Once an app has been compiled with Android Studio, it can be published on the Google Play Store. The application has to be in line with the Google Play Store developer content policy.

Version history

The following is a list of Android Studio's major releases: [28]

VersionRelease date
1.0December 2014
1.1February 2015
1.2April 2015
1.3July 2015
1.4September 2015
1.5November 2015
2.0April 2016
2.1April 2016
2.2September 2016
2.3March 2017
3.0October 2017
3.1March 2018
3.2September 2018
3.3January 2019
3.4April 2019 [29]
3.5August 2019
3.6February 2020
4.0May 2020
4.1Oct 2020 [30]
4.2May 2021 [31]
Arctic Fox (2020.3.1)July 2021 [32]
Bumblebee (2021.1.1)January 2022 [33]
Chipmunk (2021.2.1)May 2022 [34]
Dolphin (2021.3.1)September 2022 [35]
Electric Eel (2022.1.1)January 2023 [36]
Flamingo (2022.2.1)April 2023 [37]
Giraffe (2022.3.1)July 2023 [38]
Hedgehog (2023.1.1)November 2023 [39]
Iguana (2023.2.1)February 2024 [40]
Jellyfish (2023.3.1)April 2024 [41]
Koala (2024.1.1)June 2024 [42]
Koala Feature Drop (2024.1.2)August 2024 [43]
Ladybug (2024.2.1)September 2024
Meerkat (2024.3.1)TBD

System requirements

Basic system requirements for Android Studio [44]
Microsoft WindowsmacOSLinux
Operating System VersionMicrosoft Windows 8/10 (64-bit)macOS 10.14 Mojave or newerAny 64-bit Linux distribution that supports GNOME, KDE, or Unity; GNU C Library (glibc) 2.31 or later
Required RAM8 GB or more
Free space8 GB of available disk space minimum
Minimum screen resolution1280 x 800 minimum screen resolution

These features includes requirements for IDE + Android SDK + Android Emulator. [44]

The use of hardware acceleration has additional requirements on Windows and Linux:

For an attached webcam to work with Android 8.1 (API level 27) and higher system images, it must have the capability to capture 720p frames. [45]

References

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  2. "Android Studio Meerkat Feature Drop | 2024.3.2 Canary 5 now available".
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