RStudio

Last updated
RStudio
Developer(s) Posit PBC
Initial release28 February 2011;13 years ago (2011-02-28) [1]
Stable release
2024.09.1+394 [2]   OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg / 4 November 2024
Repository
Written in Java, C++, JavaScript [3]
Operating system Ubuntu, Fedora, Red Hat Linux, openSUSE, macOS, Windows NT
Platform IA-32, x86-64; Qt
License GNU Affero General Public License v3 [4]
Website posit.co/products/open-source/rstudio

RStudio IDE (or RStudio) is an integrated development environment for R, a programming language for statistical computing and graphics. It is available in two formats: RStudio Desktop is a regular desktop application while RStudio Server runs on a remote server and allows accessing RStudio using a web browser. The RStudio IDE is a product of Posit PBC (formerly RStudio PBC, formerly RStudio Inc.).

Contents

Reproducible analyses with vignettes

A strength of RStudio is its support for reproducible analyses [5] with R Markdown vignettes. These allow users to mix text with code in R, Python, Julia, shell scripts, SQL, Stan, JavaScript, C, C++, Fortran, and others, [6] similar to Jupyter Notebooks. R Markdown can be used to create dynamic reports that are automatically updated when new data become available. These reports can also be exported in various formats, including HTML, PDF, Microsoft Word, and LaTeX, with templates specific to the requirements of many scientific journals. [7]

R Markdown vignettes and Jupyter notebooks make the data analysis completely reproducible. R Markdown vignettes have been included as appendices with tutorials on Wikiversity. [8]

In 2022, Posit announced an R Markdown-like publishing system called Quarto. In addition to combining results of R, code and results using Python, Julia, Observable JavaScript, and Jupyter notebooks can also be used in Quarto documents. Compared to the file extension .Rmd that R Markdown has, Quarto documents have the file extension .qmd. [9]

One difference between R Markdown files and Quarto documents is defining options in code chunks. In R Markdown, they would be inline within the curly brackets.

```{r chunk_name, echo=FALSE, warning=FALSE} print(42) ```

In contrast, Quarto documents define the chunk options below the curly brackets, prefixed using a pound character and vertical pipe (or "hash-pipe").

```{r} #| label: chunk_name #| echo: false #| warning: false print(42) ```

Licensing model

The RStudio integrated development environment (IDE) is available with the GNU Affero General Public License version 3. The AGPL v3 is an open source license that guarantees the freedom to share the code.

RStudio Desktop and RStudio Server are both available in free and fee-based (commercial) editions. OS support depends on the format/edition of the IDE. Prepackaged distributions of RStudio Desktop are available for Windows, macOS, and Linux. RStudio Server and Server Pro run on Debian, Ubuntu, Red Hat Linux, CentOS, openSUSE and SLES. [10]

Overview and history

The RStudio IDE is partly written in the C++ programming language and uses the Qt framework for its graphical user interface. [11] The bigger percentage of the code is written in Java. JavaScript is also used. [12]

Work on the RStudio IDE started around December 2010, [13] and the first public beta version (v0.92) was officially announced in February 2011. [1] Version 1.0 was released on 1 November 2016. [14] Version 1.1 was released on 9 October 2017. [15]

Addins

The RStudio IDE provides a mechanism for executing R functions interactively from within the IDE through the Addins menu. [16] This enables packages to include graphical user interfaces (GUIs) for increased accessibility. Popular R packages that use this feature include:

Development

The RStudio IDE is developed by Posit, PBC, a public-benefit corporation [17] founded by J. J. Allaire, [18] creator of the programming language ColdFusion. Posit has no formal connection to the R Foundation, a not-for-profit organization located in Vienna, Austria, [19] which is responsible for overseeing development of the R environment for statistical computing. Posit was formerly known as RStudio Inc. In July 2022, it announced that it changed its name to Posit, to signify its broadening exploration towards other programming languages such as Python. [20]

See also

Related Research Articles

An integrated development environment (IDE) is a software application that provides comprehensive facilities for software development. An IDE normally consists of at least a source-code editor, build automation tools, and a debugger. Some IDEs, such as IntelliJ IDEA, Eclipse and Lazarus contain the necessary compiler, interpreter or both; others, such as SharpDevelop and NetBeans, do not.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">R (programming language)</span> Programming language for statistics

R is a programming language for statistical computing and data visualization. It has been adopted in the fields of data mining, bioinformatics and data analysis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Markdown</span> Plain text markup language

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Knitr</span> Report generation engine with R

knitr is a software engine for dynamic report generation with R. It is a package in the programming language R that enables integration of R code into LaTeX, LyX, HTML, Markdown, AsciiDoc, and reStructuredText documents. The purpose of knitr is to allow reproducible research in R through the means of literate programming. It is licensed under the GNU General Public License.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hadley Wickham</span> New Zealand statistician

Hadley Alexander Wickham is a New Zealand statistician known for his work on open-source software for the R statistical programming environment. He is the chief scientist at Posit PBC and an adjunct professor of statistics at the University of Auckland, Stanford University, and Rice University. His work includes the data visualisation system ggplot2 and the tidyverse, a collection of R packages for data science based on the concept of tidy data.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Joseph J. Allaire</span> American software engineer and entrepreneur

Joseph J. Allaire, better known professionally as J. J. Allaire, is an American-born software engineer and Internet entrepreneur. He created the ColdFusion programming language and web application server, founded Allaire Corporation, OnFolio, FitNow, and RStudio, and created LoseIt! and Windows Live Writer. Allaire is currently the founder and CEO of statistical computing company Posit.

Yihui Xie (谢益辉) is a Chinese software developer who previously worked for Posit PBC. He is the principal author of the open-source software package Knitr for data analysis in the R programming language, and has also written the book Dynamic Documents with R and knitr.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Notebook interface</span> Programming tool blending code and documents

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Mine Çetinkaya-Rundel is a Turkish-American statistician and professor of the practice at Duke University, and a professional educator at RStudio. She is the author of several open source statistics textbooks and is an instructor for Coursera. She is the chair-elect of the Statistical Education Section of the American Statistical Association. Previously, she was a senior lecturer at University of Edinburgh.

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Posit PBC is an open-source data science software company. It is a public-benefit corporation founded by J. J. Allaire, creator of the programming language ColdFusion.

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 "RStudio, new open-source IDE for R | RStudio Blog". Blog.rstudio.org. 28 February 2011. Archived from the original on 2015-01-24. Retrieved 2015-05-01.
  2. ↑ "RStudio & Posit Workbench Release Notes".
  3. ↑ "rstudio/rstudio". GitHub . RStudio. Archived from the original on 5 April 2019. Retrieved 18 December 2016.
  4. ↑ Pylvainen, Ian (2016-03-24). "What license is RStudio available under? – RStudio". rstudio.com. Archived from the original on 2018-05-26. Retrieved 2018-05-25.
  5. ↑ Reproducibility is key in science. In The Logic of Scientific Discovery , Karl Popper wrote, "non-reproducible single occurrences are of no significance to science." But a theory is "falsified only if we discover a reproducible effect which refutes the theory". Popper (1968, p. 86). However, reproducibility is not easy to obtain. In a 2016 survey of over 1,500 scientists, 52% agreed that there was "a significant crisis" in the reproducibility of scientific results. Another 38% said there was "a slight crisis"; 7% "didn't know", and only 3% said there was no crisis. Worse, "more than 70% of researchers had tried and failed to reproduce another scientist's experiments, and more than half had failed to reproduce their own experiments (emphasis added). See Baker (2016).
  6. ↑ Xie et al. (2023, esp. sec. 2.7).
  7. ↑ Xie, Allaire, and Grolemund (2023).
  8. ↑ e.g., v:US Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and v:Forecasting nuclear proliferation, accessed 5 January 2024. Many more examples are included in Xie, Dervieux, and Riederer (2023).
  9. ↑ Machlis, Sharon (2022-07-28). "What is Quarto? RStudio rolls out next-generation R Markdown". InfoWorld. Retrieved 2024-05-17.
  10. ↑ "RStudio". rstudio.com. Archived from the original on 30 October 2015. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  11. ↑ Verzani, John (23 September 2011). Getting Started with RStudio. O'Reilly Media, Inc. p. 4. ISBN   9781449309039.
  12. ↑ "rstudio/rstudio". GitHub. Archived from the original on 2018-06-10. Retrieved 2018-09-13.
  13. ↑ "portable download of java dependencies · rstudio/rstudio@484cb88 · GitHub". Github.com. 2010-12-07. Archived from the original on 2019-04-05. Retrieved 2015-05-01.
  14. ↑ "Announcing RStudio v1.0!". RStudio Blog. 1 November 2016. Archived from the original on 30 June 2017. Retrieved 1 November 2016.
  15. ↑ "RStudio v1.1 Released". RStudio Blog. 9 October 2017. Archived from the original on 28 October 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2017.
  16. ↑ "RStudio Addins". RStudio. Archived from the original on 2018-09-10. Retrieved 2018-09-16.
  17. ↑ "Posit Benefit Corporation Annual Report". Archived from the original on 2023-01-19. Retrieved 2023-01-19.
  18. ↑ "About". Posit.co. Archived from the original on 2022-11-02. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
  19. ↑ ""Statutes of "The R Foundation for Statistical Computing""" (PDF). The R Foundation. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-04-03. Retrieved 2019-08-12.
  20. ↑ "RStudio is becoming Posit". Posit.co. 27 July 2022. Archived from the original on 2022-11-02. Retrieved 2022-07-28.
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