Arcadia Formation | |
---|---|
Stratigraphic range: Miocene | |
Type | Geological formation |
Unit of | Hawthorn Group |
Sub-units | Tampa Member |
Overlies | Ocala Limestone and Avon Park Formation |
Thickness | 600 feet |
Lithology | |
Primary | limestones, dolomite, sand, clay |
Location | |
Region | Central Florida |
Country | United States |
Extent | Pasco-Sarasota counties |
Type section | |
Named for | Arcadia, Florida |
Named by | T. M. Scott, 1988 |
The Arcadia Formation and its sub-unit, the Tampa Member, are Late Oligocene geologic formations in North Florida, United States. It is part of the Hawthorn Group.
Period : Paleogene to Neogene
Epoch : Early Late Oligocene through Pliocene
Faunal stage : Chattian through early Blancan ~28.4 to ~2.588 mya, calculates to a period of 25.512 million years
The Arcadia Formation and Tampa Member is located southwestern flank of the Ocala Platform from Pasco County and southward in to Hillsborough, Manatee, and Sarasota County, Florida. The Tampa Member and the lower part of the Arcadia Formation form the upper part of the Floridan Aquifer system in parts of southern Florida. [1] [ failed verification ]
The Arcadia Formation is composed of limestones and dolomites which are yellowish gray to light olive gray to light brown in color. The texture is micro to finely crystalline with varying sandy, clayey limestones and dolomites containing phosphate. The clays are yellowish gray to light olive gray in color. They are moderately hard as well as sandy, silty, phosphatic and dolomitic. Silicified carbonates and opalized claystone have also been found. [2]
The Tampa Member consists predominantly of limestone with subordinate dolomite, sand and clay very similar to that of the subsurface limestone part of the Arcadia Formation. There is considerably less phosphate. The color is white to yellowish gray. It is fossil bearing and variably sandy and clayey mudstone, wackestone, and packstone with little to no phosphate grains. Sand and clay beds are like those in the undifferentiated sediments of the Arcadia Formation. [3]
The Arcadia Formation proper contains molds and casts in dolomite containing mollusks. The Tampa Member contains mollusks and corals in molds and casts with silicified pseudomorphs and shell material.
The Floridan aquifer system, composed of the Upper and Lower Floridan aquifers, is a sequence of Paleogene carbonate rock which spans an area of about 100,000 square miles (260,000 km2) in the southeastern United States. It underlies the entire state of Florida and parts of Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi, and South Carolina.
The Cody Scarp or Cody Escarpment is located in north and north central Florida United States. It is a relict scarp and ancient persistent topographical feature formed from an ancient early Pleistocene shorelines of ~1.8 million to 10,000 years BP during interglacial periods. The Cody Scarp has a slope of 5% to 12%.
The Torreya Formation is a Miocene geologic formation with an outcrop in North Florida. It is within the Hawthorn Group.
The Ocala Limestone is a late Eocene geologic formation of exposed limestones near Ocala, Marion County, Florida.
The Suwannee Limestone is an Early Oligocene geologic formation of exposed limestones in North Florida, United States.
The Avon Park Formation is a Middle Eocene geologic formation and is the oldest exposed sediments in Florida, United States.
The Coosawhatchie Formation is a Miocene geologic formation with an outcrop in North Florida. It is within the Hawthorn Group.
The Hawthorn Group is a stratigraphic unit of Miocene age in South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida, in the United States. It is known for its phosphate rock resources, and for its rich assemblages of Neogene vertebrate fossils.
The St. Marks Formation is a Miocene geologic formation in the eastern Florida Panhandle.
The Chipola Formation is a Late Oligocene to Early Miocene geologic formation in the Florida Panhandle and member of the Alum Bluff Group.
The Peace River Formation is a Late Oligocene to Early Miocene geologic formation in the west-central Florida peninsula.
The Tamiami Formation is a Late Miocene to Pliocene geologic formation in the southwest Florida peninsula.
The Phosphoria Formation of the western United States is a geological formation of Early Permian age. It represents some 15 million years of sedimentation, reaches a thickness of 420 metres (1,380 ft) and covers an area of 350,000 square kilometres (140,000 sq mi).
The Statenville Formation is a geological formation of northern Florida, USA.
The Alum Bluff Group is a geologic group in the states of Georgia, Florida, and Alabama. It preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene period.
The Bridport Sand Formation is a formation of Toarcian age found in the Worcester and Wessex Basins of central and southern England. It forms one of the reservoir units in the Wytch Farm oilfield in Dorset. The sandstone is very-fine grained to fine-grained and contains regular narrow bands that are calcite-cemented and more resistant to weathering, giving it a characteristic banded appearance at outcrop, such as in the cliffs between Bridport and Burton Bradstock in Dorset. It is named for Bridport and has previously been known as the Midford Sand(s), Cotteswold Sands, Yeovil Sands and Upper Lias Sand(s). It forms a locally important aquifer, particularly around Yeovil.
The geology of Lebanon remains poorly studied prior to the Jurassic. The country is heavily dominated by limestone, sandstone, other sedimentary rocks, and basalt, defined by its tectonic history. In Lebanon, 70% of exposed rocks are limestone karst.
The geology of Tunisia is defined by the tectonics of North Africa, with large highlands like the Atlas Mountains as well as basins such as the Tunisian Trough. Geologists have identified rock units in the country as much as a quarter-billion years old, although most units date to the Mesozoic and Cenozoic, in the past 250 million years. Tunisia has a small but active mining industry and a significant oil and natural gas sector.
The geology of Morocco formed beginning up to two billion years ago, in the Paleoproterozoic and potentially even earlier. It was affected by the Pan-African orogeny, although the later Hercynian orogeny produced fewer changes and left the Maseta Domain, a large area of remnant Paleozoic massifs. During the Paleozoic, extensive sedimentary deposits preserved marine fossils. Throughout the Mesozoic, the rifting apart of Pangaea to form the Atlantic Ocean created basins and fault blocks, which were blanketed in terrestrial and marine sediments—particularly as a major marine transgression flooded much of the region. In the Cenozoic, a microcontinent covered in sedimentary rocks from the Triassic and Cretaceous collided with northern Morocco, forming the Rif region. Morocco has extensive phosphate and salt reserves, as well as resources such as lead, zinc, copper and silver.
The geology of Bahrain is poorly studied before the Cenozoic. Extensive sedimentary formations from the Eocene through recent times cover much of the island.