Ashley E. Jardina

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Ashley E. Jardina
Associate Professor of Political Science at George Mason University [1]
Personal details
Alma mater University of Michigan (BA), (MA, PhD)
OccupationPolitical scientist, author [2]

Ashley E. Jardina is an associate professor of Political Science at George Mason University and author. [3] [4]

Contents

Studying for her undergraduate degree at the University of Michigan, she later became a doctoral student there, gaining her PhD. [5] She was hired by Duke University as a political scientist in 2014. In 2015, the American Political Science Association awarded her the best dissertation in race and ethnic politics. [6]

Career

According to The New York Times , a 2017 study by Jardina found that naming Donald Trump or his policies "racist" turned off some white voters, whereas describing these same behaviors as "white supremacy" did not. [7] In 2018, The Economist covered her research into the difference between general white identity and specific racism or animus against other ethnicities, [8] and in 2019, when Newsweek discussed her analysis further, she said "There is a subset of people in the U.S. who feel their white race is important to them and feel the demographics are changing and the privileges and advantages that they have are under attack. That is different from 'I just don't like black people.'" [9]

In March 2019, Pacific Standard reported Jardina's research that "up to 40 percent of American whites feel solidarity with, and protective of, their racial group". [10] [11] Reviewing poll findings, [12] Jardina drew much of her research on the topic from the American National Election Studies, [13] and has said that white Americans began to show patterns of this behaviour since 2000. [1] In 2019, she authored White Identity Politics which examined the identity politics of white people. [14]

Selected publications

Related Research Articles

White supremacy is the belief that white people are superior to those of other races and thus should dominate them. The belief favors the maintenance and defense of any power and privilege held by white people. White supremacy has roots in the now-discredited doctrine of scientific racism and was a key justification for European colonialism.

White nationalism is a type of racial nationalism or pan-nationalism which espouses the belief that white people are a race and seeks to develop and maintain a white racial and national identity. Many of its proponents identify with the concept of a white ethnostate.

White guilt is a belief that white people bear a collective responsibility for the harm which has resulted from historical or current racist treatment of people belonging to other racial groups, as for example in the context of the Atlantic slave trade, European colonialism, and the genocide of indigenous peoples.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jared Taylor</span> American white supremacist author

Samuel Jared Taylor is an American white supremacist and editor of American Renaissance, an online magazine espousing such opinions, which was founded by Taylor in 1990.

In politics, a dog whistle is the use of coded or suggestive language in political messaging to garner support from a particular group without provoking opposition. The concept is named after ultrasonic dog whistles, which are audible to dogs but not humans. Dog whistles use language that appears normal to the majority but communicates specific things to intended audiences. They are generally used to convey messages on issues likely to provoke controversy without attracting negative attention.

Racism has been reflected in discriminatory laws, practices, and actions at various times in the history of the United States against racial or ethnic groups. Throughout American history, white Americans have generally enjoyed legally or socially sanctioned privileges and rights, which have been denied to members of various ethnic or minority groups at various times. European Americans have enjoyed advantages in matters of education, immigration, voting rights, citizenship, land acquisition, and criminal procedure.

Covert racism is a form of racial discrimination that is disguised and subtle, rather than public or obvious. Concealed in the fabric of society, covert racism discriminates against individuals through often evasive or seemingly passive methods. Covert, racially biased decisions are often hidden or rationalized with an explanation that society is more willing to accept. These racial biases cause a variety of problems that work to empower the suppressors while diminishing the rights and powers of the oppressed. Covert racism often works subliminally, and much of the discrimination is done subconsciously.

Reverse racism, sometimes referred to as reverse discrimination, is the concept that affirmative action and similar color-conscious programs for redressing racial inequality are forms of anti-white racism. The concept is often associated with conservative social movements and reflects a belief that social and economic gains by black people and other people of color cause disadvantages for white people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bradley effect</span> Theory about discrepancies between opinion polls and election results in the United States

The Bradley effect is a theory concerning observed discrepancies between voter opinion polls and election outcomes in some United States government elections where a white candidate and a non-white candidate run against each other. The theory proposes that some white voters who intend to vote for the white candidate would nonetheless tell pollsters that they are undecided or likely to vote for the non-white candidate. It was named after Los Angeles mayor Tom Bradley, an African-American who lost the 1982 California gubernatorial election to California attorney general George Deukmejian, a white person, despite Bradley being ahead in voter polls going into the elections.

Stereotypes of European Americans in the United States are misleading generalizations about the character, behavior, or appearance of European Americans by other Americans in the United States. For stereotypes about Americans by people of other nationalities, see Stereotypes of Americans.

Laissez-faire racism is closely related to color blindness and covert racism, and is theorised to encompass an ideology that blames minorities for their poorer economic situations, viewing it as the result of cultural inferiority. The term is used largely by scholars of whiteness studies, who argue that laissez-faire racism has tangible consequences even though few would openly claim to be, or even believe they are, laissez-faire racists.

White backlash, also known as white rage or whitelash, is related to the politics of white grievance, and is the negative response of some white people to the racial progress of other ethnic groups in rights and economic opportunities, as well as their growing cultural parity, political self-determination, or dominance.

This is a list of nationwide public opinion polls that have been conducted relating to the Democratic primaries for the 2016 United States presidential election. The persons named in the polls are declared candidates, are former candidates, or have received media speculation about their possible candidacy.

This page lists nationwide public opinion polls that have been conducted relating to the 2016 United States presidential election. The two major party candidates were chosen at the Democratic National Convention and Republican National Convention in July 2016.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">White genocide conspiracy theory</span> White supremacist conspiracy theory

The white genocide, white extinction, or white replacement conspiracy theory is a white supremacist conspiracy theory that states that there is a deliberate plot to promote miscegenation, interracial marriage, mass non-white immigration, racial integration, low fertility rates, abortion, pornography, LGBT identities, governmental land-confiscation from whites, organised violence, and eliminationism in white-founded countries in order to cause the extinction of whites through forced assimilation, mass immigration, and/or violent genocide. Under some theories, Black people, Hispanics, and Muslims are blamed for the secret plot, but usually as more fertile immigrants, invaders, or violent aggressors, rather than as the masterminds. A related, but distinct, conspiracy theory is the Great Replacement theory.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign</span> 2016 presidential campaign

The 2016 presidential campaign of Donald Trump was formally launched on June 16, 2015, at Trump Tower in New York City. Trump was the Republican nominee for President of the United States in the 2016 election, having won the most state primaries, caucuses, and delegates at the 2016 Republican National Convention. He chose Mike Pence, the sitting governor of Indiana, as his vice presidential running mate. On November 8, 2016, Trump and Pence were elected president and vice president of the United States. Trump's populist positions in opposition to illegal immigration and various trade agreements, such as the Trans-Pacific Partnership, earned him support especially among voters who were male, white, blue-collar, working class, and those without college degrees. Many voters in the Rust Belt, who gave Trump the electoral votes needed to win the presidency, switched from supporting Bernie Sanders to Trump after Hillary Clinton won the Democratic nomination.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Racial views of Donald Trump</span> Review of the racial opinions of Donald Trump

Donald Trump, former president of the United States, has a history of speech and actions that have been viewed by scholars and the public as racist or white supremacist. Journalists, friends, family, and former employees have accused him of fueling racism in the United States. Trump has repeatedly denied accusations of racism.

<i>White Fragility</i> 2018 book by Robin DiAngelo

White Fragility: Why It's So Hard for White People to Talk About Racism is a 2018 book written by Robin DiAngelo about race relations in the United States. An academic with experience in diversity training, DiAngelo coined the term "white fragility" in 2011 to describe what she views as any defensive instincts or reactions that a white person experiences when questioned about race or made to consider their own race. In White Fragility, DiAngelo views racism in the United States as systemic and often perpetuated subconsciously by individuals. She recommends against viewing racism as committed intentionally by "bad people".

White identity is the objective or subjective state of perceiving oneself as a white person and as relating to being white. White identity has been researched in data and polling, historically and in social sciences. There are however polarized positions in media and academia as to whether a positive white racial identity which does not diminish other racial groups is plausible or achievable in the Western world's political climate.

White demographic decline is a decrease in the self-identified White populace as a percentage of the total population in a city, state, subregion, or nation. It has been recorded in a number of countries and smaller jurisdictions. For example, according to national censuses, White Americans, White Canadians, White Latin Americans, and White people in the United Kingdom are in demographic decline in the United States, Canada, Latin America, and the United Kingdom, respectively. White demographic decline can also be observed in other countries including Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Germany, Spain, Italy, and Zimbabwe.

References

  1. 1 2 "What does white identity mean in American politics today? Professor's new book delves into topic". Duke Chronicle . 2019-03-15.
  2. ↑ ""White Identity Politics" and white backlash: How we wound up with a racist in the White House". Salon . 2019-07-17.
  3. ↑ "'Whites feel threatened': Why Trump's race tweet is a preview of his re-election strategy". The Sydney Morning Herald . 2019-07-19.
  4. ↑ Sean Illing (2019-04-27). "White identity politics is about more than racism". Vox Media, Inc . Retrieved 20 October 2019.
  5. ↑ "Portrait of a birther: White conservatives with political knowledge more likely to believe Obama conspiracy". University of Michigan News. 2019-01-15.
  6. ↑ "Fear of a Changing America. Political scientist Ashley Jardina examines the rise in 'white voter identity'". Duke Today . 2019-02-27.
  7. ↑ "When White Nationalism Takes Center Stage". The New York Times . 2019-08-05.
  8. ↑ "Identity politics are stronger on the right than the left". The Economist. 2018-11-01.
  9. ↑ "How Donald Trump Played the (White) Race Card and Reshaped the Democratic Party". Newsweek . 2019-03-06.
  10. ↑ "How White Identity Shapes American Politics". Pacific Standard . 2019-03-25.
  11. ↑ "White identity politics drives Trump, and the Republican Party under him". The Washington Post . 2019-03-15.
  12. ↑ "For Trump, appeals to white fears about race may be a tougher sell in 2020: Reuters/Ipsos poll". Reuters. 2019-08-19.
  13. ↑ "The Disturbing, Surprisingly Complex Relationship Between White Identity Politics and Racism". The New Yorker . 2019-01-19.
  14. ↑ "Republican voters have become more xenophobic as Trump has normalized racist rhetoric". Business Insider . 2019-07-18.
  15. ↑ "Trump's White Identity Politics Appeals to Two Different Groups". The Atlantic . 2019-08-08.
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