Atuna racemosa

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Atuna racemosa
Parinarium glaberrimum-Atuna racemosa.jpg
Flowers of Atuna racemosa from Tonga, where it is known as the pipi tree
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Chrysobalanaceae
Genus: Atuna
Species:
A. racemosa
Binomial name
Atuna racemosa
Subspecies

A. racemosa subsp. excelsa A. racemosa subsp. racemosa

Contents

Synonyms [1]
List
  • Atuna elata(King) Kosterm.
  • Atuna scabra(Hassk.) Kosterm.
  • Chrysobalanus racemosus Roxb.
  • Cyclandrophora elata(King) Kosterm.
  • Cyclandrophora glaberrimaHassk.
  • Cyclandrophora laurina(A.Gray) Kosterm.
  • Cyclandrophora scabra(Hassk.) Kosterm.
  • Ferolia glaberrima(Hassk.) Kuntze
  • Ferolia scabra(Hassk.) Kuntze
  • Parinari curranii Merr.
  • Parinari elataKing
  • Parinari glaberrima(Hassk.) Hassk.
  • Parinari hahlii Warb.
  • Parinari laurinaA.Gray
  • Parinari margarataA.Gray
  • Parinari mindanaensis Perkins
  • Parinari scabraHassk.
  • Parinari scabra var. lanceolata Koord. & Valeton
  • Parinari scabra var. macrophyllaKoord. & Valeton
  • Parinari warburgiiPerkins ex Merr.
  • Petrocarya glaberrima(Hassk.) Miers
  • Petrocarya scabra(Hassk.) Miers

Atuna racemosa is a tree in the family Chrysobalanaceae. The specific epithet racemosa is from the Latin meaning "clustered", referring to the inflorescence. [2] The tree is widely known as tabon-tabon in the Philippines, where the fruits have been traditionally used for the preparation of kinilaw (a local dish of raw fish in vinegar or citrus juices) for almost a thousand years. [3]

Description

Atuna racemosa grows up to 35 metres (110 ft) tall. The smooth bark is grey to black. The flowers are blue or white. The fruits are ellipsoid, roundish or pear-shaped and measure up to 7.5 cm (3 in) long. [2]

Distribution and habitat

Atuna racemosa is found widely in Thailand, Malesia and the South Pacific islands of Oceania. Its habitat is mixed dipterocarp forests, also in swamps and along rivers, from sea level to 750 metres (2,500 ft) altitude. [2]

Uses

The fruit is made into a putty for sealing canoes in the Pacific islands. Oil from the seeds is used as a scent. Leaves are used as thatch in Fiji. [2]

In the Philippines, where the tree is known as tabon-tabon, juice from the grated flesh of the fruits is used to neutralize the fishy taste and the acidity of the raw seafood dish kinilaw. The remains of halved tabon-tabon fruits alongside cut fish bones have been recovered from the Balangay archeological excavation site in Butuan (dated c. 10th to 13th century AD) indicating that this cooking practice is almost a thousand years old. [3] [4] [5]

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Ota ika is a Polynesian dish consisting of raw fish marinated in citrus juice and coconut milk. The Tongan, Tahitian, and Samoan variants are essentially identical in that the raw fish is briefly marinated in lemon or lime juice until the surface of the flesh becomes opaque. The fish is then mixed with coconut milk and diced vegetables. This is the national dish of Tonga.

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References

  1. 1 2 "Atuna racemosa Raf". The Plant List . Retrieved 1 June 2014.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Prance, Ghillean T. (1995). "Atuna racemosa Raf.". In Soepadmo, E.; Wong, K. M. (eds.). Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak. (free online from the publisher, lesser resolution scan PDF versions). 1. Forest Research Institute Malaysia. pp. 160–161. ISBN   983-9592-34-3. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2013. Retrieved 1 June 2014.
  3. 1 2 "Tabon Tabon Fruit". Market Manila. 8 January 2008. Retrieved 16 January 2017.
  4. Alan Davidson (2014). The Oxford Companion to Food. OUP Oxford. pp. 445–446. ISBN   9780191040726.
  5. Ninah Villa (27 June 2015). "Kinilaw History, Origin and Evolution – Into the Heart of Freshness". Pinoy Wit. Retrieved 16 January 2017.