Banksia armata var. armata

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Banksia armata var. armata
Banksia armata gnangarra 02.JPG
Habit in the Beelu National Park
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Proteales
Family: Proteaceae
Genus: Banksia
Species:
Variety:
B. a. var. armata
Trinomial name
Banksia armata var. armata
Synonyms [1]

Banksia armata var. armata is a variety of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It differs from the other variety (Banksia armata var. ignicida) in having a lignotuber, narrower leaves with more side lobes and shorter flowers. It is also usually a shorter plant.

Contents

Description

Banksia armata var. armata is a shrub that typically grows to a height of 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in) and forms a lignotuber. It has leaves that are 20–80 mm (0.79–3.15 in) long and 8–20 mm (0.31–0.79 in) wide and deeply serrated with between six and thirteen triangular, sharply pointed lobes on each side. The perianth is yellow, 25–32 mm (0.98–1.26 in) long and the pistil 28–39 mm (1.1–1.5 in) long. [2] [3] [4]

Taxonomy and naming

Specimens of B. armata were first collected at King George Sound in December 1801 by Robert Brown. Brown published a description of the species in 1810, naming it Dryandra armata in the Transactions of the Linnean Society of London . [5] [6] The specific epithet (armata) is from the Latin armatus meaning "armed", in reference to the sharply serrated leaves. [7]

Thirty years later, John Lindley published a purported new species, which he named Dryandra favosa, published in A Sketch of the Vegetation of the Swan River Colony . [8] [9] Dryandra favosa was accepted as a species by Carl Meissner in 1845, [10] but declared a taxonomic synonym of D. armata by him in 1856. [11] The latter view was taken by George Bentham his 1870 Flora Australiensis . [12]

In 1996, Alex George published Dryandra armata var. ignicida, thereby invoking the autonym D. armata var. armata. George also refined the synonymy of D. favosa to this subspecies. [3] In 2007, all Dryandra species were transferred to Banksia by Austin Mast and Kevin Thiele and the change is accepted by the Australian Plant Census. [1] [13] [14]

Distribution and habitat

This variety is widespread in the south-west, mainly between Mount Lesueur, Walpole and the Cape Arid National Park. It grows amongst open woodland and kwongan, usually on rocky soils. [2] [3] [4]

Conservation status

This variety of B. armata is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife. [2]

Related Research Articles

<i>Banksia elegans</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Banksia elegans, commonly known as the elegant banksia, is a species of woody shrub that is endemic to a relatively small area of Western Australia. Reaching 4 m (13 ft) high, it is a suckering shrub that rarely reproduces by seed. The round to oval yellow flower spikes appear in spring and summer. Swiss botanist Carl Meissner described Banksia elegans in 1856. It is most closely related to the three species in the subgenus Isostylis.

<i>Banksia nutans</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae native to the south coast of Western Australia

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<i>Banksia armata</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Banksia armata, commonly known as prickly dryandra, is a species of often sprawling shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has deeply serrated leaves with sharply pointed lobes and spikes of about 45 to 70 yellow flowers.

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<i>Banksia rufa</i> Species of prostrate shrub

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<i>Banksia fraseri</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Banksia fraseri is a species of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has hairy stems, broadly linear pinnatisect leaves with between four and eighteen sharply-pointed lobes on each side, between eighty and one hundred pink to cream-coloured flowers and wedge-shaped follicles.

<i>Banksia kippistiana</i> Shrub endemic to Western Australia

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<i>Banksia undata</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia.

Banksia undata, commonly known as urchin dryandra, is a species of shrub that is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It has sessile, wedge-shaped, wavy, serrated leaves, pale yellow flowers in heads of between 80 and 160, and later up to eight follicles in each head.

Banksia acuminata is a rare prostrate shrub endemic to south-west Western Australia. It was published in 1848 as Dryandra preissii, but transferred into Banksia as B. acuminata in 2007.

<i>Banksia proteoides</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Banksia proteoides, commonly known as king dryandra, is a shrub endemic to Western Australia. It was known as Dryandra proteoides until 2007, when all Dryandra species were transferred to Banksia by Austin Mast and Kevin Thiele.

<i>Banksia bella</i> Species of shrub endemic to Western Australia

Banksia bella, commonly known as the Wongan dryandra, is a species of dense shrub that is endemic to a restricted area of Western Australia. It has narrow, deeply serrated leaves covered with white hairs on the lower surface, heads of yellow flowers and few follicles in the fruiting head.

<i>Banksia splendida</i> Species of shrub in the genus Banksia native to Western Australia

Banksia splendida, commonly known as shaggy dryandra, is a species of shrub that is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It has sharply-pointed linear leaves that are woolly on the lower surface, cream-coloured and maroon or yellow flowers in heads of between 65 and 115, and later up to eight egg-shaped follicles in each head.

<i>Banksia stuposa</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

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Banksia tortifolia is a small, spreading, prostrate shrub that is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It has short underground stems, pinnatipartite leaves with sharply-pointed, linear lobes on each side, greenish-cream, yellow and pink flowers in heads of about eighty, and glabrous, egg-shaped follicles.

<i>Banksia armata <span style="font-style:normal;">var.</span> ignicida</i> Variety of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Banksia armata var. ignicida is a variety of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It differs from the autonym in not having a lignotuber. It is also usually a taller plant with leaves that are longer with fewer side lobes, and longer flowers.

Robert Brown's taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra was the first arrangement of what is now Banksia ser. Dryandra. His initial arrangement was published in 1810, and a further arrangement, including an infrageneric classification, followed in 1830. Aspects of Brown's arrangements can be recognised in the later arrangements of George Bentham and Alex George.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bentham's taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra</span> 1870 arrangement of the Australian endemic plant series Dryandra in the genus Banksia

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Carl Meissner's taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra, now Banksia ser. Dryandra, was published in 1856 as part of his chapter on the Proteaceae in A. P. de Candolle's Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis. It replaced the 1830 arrangement of Robert Brown, and remained current until superseded by the 1870 arrangement of George Bentham.

<i>Banksia spinulosa <span style="font-style:normal;">var.</span> spinulosa</i> Variety of shrub in the family Proteaceae from the east coast of Australia

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<i>Banksia sessilis <span style="font-style:normal;">var.</span> cordata</i> Variety of plant in the family Proteaceae from the extreme south-west corner of Western Australia

Banksia sessilis var. cordata is a variety of Banksia sessilis, with unusually large leaves and flower heads. It is a rare variety that is restricted to the extreme south-west corner of Western Australia.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Banksia aurantia var. armata". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
  2. 1 2 3 "Banksia armata var. armata". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  3. 1 2 3 George, Alex S. (1999). Flora of Australia (PDF). Vol. 17B. Canberra: Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. pp. 268–269. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
  4. 1 2 Cavanagh, Tony; Pieroni, Margaret (2006). The Dryandras. Melbourne: Australian Plants Society (SGAP Victoria); Perth: Wildflower Society of Western Australia. ISBN   1-876473-54-1.
  5. "Dryandra armata". APNI. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
  6. Brown, Robert (1810). "On the Proteaceae of Jussieu". Transactions of the Linnean Society of London. 10 (1): 213. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
  7. Short, Emma; George, Alex (2013). A Primer of Botanical Latin with Vocabulary. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. p. 124. ISBN   9781107693753.
  8. "Dryandra favosa". APNI. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
  9. Lindley, John (1840). A Sketch of the Vegetation of the Swan River Colony. London: James Ridgway. p. xxxiii. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
  10. Meissner, Carl; Lehmann, Johann G.C. (ed.) (1845). Plantae Preissianae. Hamburg: Sumptibus Meissneri. p. 593. Retrieved 30 March 2020.{{cite book}}: |first2= has generic name (help)
  11. Meissner, Carl; de Candolle, Augustin P. (ed.) (1856). Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis. Paris: Sumptibus Sociorum Treuttel et Würtz. p. 469. Retrieved 30 March 2020.{{cite book}}: |first2= has generic name (help)
  12. Bentham, George; von Mueller, Ferdinand (1870). Flora Australiensis. Vol. 5. London: Lovell Reeve & Co. pp. 567–568. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
  13. Mast, Austin R.; Thiele, Kevin (2007). "The transfer of Dryandra R.Br. to Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany . 20 (1): 63–71. doi:10.1071/SB06016.
  14. "Banksia armata var. armata". APNI. Retrieved 30 March 2020.