Serrate-leaved dryandra | |
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Illustration of Banksia serra by Philippa Nikulinsky. | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Order: | Proteales |
Family: | Proteaceae |
Genus: | Banksia |
Subgenus: | Banksia subg. Banksia |
Series: | Banksia ser. Dryandra |
Species: | B. serra |
Binomial name | |
Banksia serra | |
Synonyms [1] | |
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Banksia serra, commonly known as serrate-leaved dryandra, [2] is a species of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has broadly linear, serrated leaves, pale yellow flowers in heads of about thirty and egg-shaped follicles.
Banksia serra is a shrub that typically grows to a height of 6 m (20 ft) but does not form a lignotuber. It has slender stems and broadly linear leaves 30–150 mm (1.2–5.9 in) long and 5–15 mm (0.20–0.59 in) wide on a petiole 4–10 mm (0.16–0.39 in) long. There are between eight and twenty broadly triangular serrations on each side of the leaves. Between twenty and thirty-six pale yellow flowers are arranged in heads with narrow egg-shaped to lance-shaped involucral bracts 6–8 mm (0.24–0.31 in) long at the base of each head. The perianth is 16–19 mm (0.63–0.75 in) long and more or less straight, and the pistil is 19–21 mm (0.75–0.83 in) long with a green pollen presenter. Flowering occurs from July to October and the follicles are egg-shaped but curved, 12–18 mm (0.47–0.71 in) long. [2] [3]
This species was first formally described in 1830 by Robert Brown who gave it the name Dryandra serra and published the description in the Supplementum primum Prodromi florae Novae Hollandiae from specimens collected by William Baxter near King George's Sound in 1829. [4] [5] The specific epithet (serra) is a Latin word meaning "saw", referring to the leaves. [6]
In 2007, Austin Mast and Kevin Thiele transferred all the dryandras to the genus Banksia and this species became Banksia serra. [7] [8]
Banksia serra grows in woodland, forest and mallee-kwongan from the Bow River to Mount Manypeaks. [3]
An assessment of the potential impact of climate change on this species found that its range is likely to contract by between 30% and 80% by 2080, depending on the severity of the change. [9]
This banksia is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife. [2]
Grevillea longifolia, commonly known as fern-leaf spider flower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the Sydney Basin in New South Wales. It is an erect to spreading shrub with narrowly egg-shaped to almost linear leaves, and toothbrush-like groups of pinkish-fawn flowers with a pink to red style. It is fairly readily grown in gardens.
Banksia subg. Isostylis is a subgenus of Banksia. It contains three closely related species, all of which occur only in Southwest Western Australia. Members of subgenus Isostylis have dome-shaped flower heads that are superficially similar to those of B. ser. Dryandra, but structurally more like reduced versions of the "flower spikes" characteristic of most other Banksia taxa.
Banksia arctotidis is a species of prostrate shrub that is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It has leaves that are pinnately divided to the midrib, cream-coloured flowers and hairy, egg-shaped fruit.
Banksia biterax is a species of dense shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has hairy stems, deeply serrated leaves and spikes of up to 200 pale to dark brown flowers.
Banksia bipinnatifida is a species of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It is a prostrate shrub with a lignotuber, an underground stem, only a few divided leaves, large cream-coloured to pale yellow flowers and large fruit.
Banksia calophylla is a species of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has a fire-tolerant, underground stem, pinnatifid leaves that have woolly hairs on the lower surface and heads of thirty to forty-five yellowish brown flowers surrounded by hairy bracts.
Banksia concinna is a species of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has elliptical leaves with between five and twenty triangular teeth on each side, hairy heads of yellow flowers and hairy, egg-shaped fruit.
Banksia foliolata is a species of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has hairy stems, pinnatifid leaves, heads of about sixty cream-coloured and maroon flowers and oblong to elliptical follicles. It grows on rocky slopes in dense shrubland in the Stirling Range National Park.
Banksia fraseri is a species of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has hairy stems, broadly linear pinnatisect leaves with between four and eighteen sharply-pointed lobes on each side, between eighty and one hundred pink to cream-coloured flowers and wege-shaped follicles.
Banksia seneciifolia is a species of column-shaped shrub that is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has linear, pinnatifid leaves, yellow flowers in heads of about twenty-five, and narrow egg-shaped follicles.
Banksia squarrosa, commonly known as pingle, is a species of prickly shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has linear to narrow lance-shaped leaves with up to ten sharply-pointed teeth on each side, yellow flowers in heads of about sixty and later, up to seven oblong to egg-shaped follicles in each head.
Dryandra subg. Diplophragma is an obsolete subgenus within the former genus Dryandra. It was first published by Robert Brown in 1830, but was discarded by George Bentham in 1870. It was reinstated with a new circumscription by Alex George in 1996, but was ultimately discarded again in 2007 when Austin Mast and Kevin Thiele sunk Dryandra into Banksia.
Robert Brown's taxonomic arrangement of Dryandra was the first arrangement of what is now Banksia ser. Dryandra. His initial arrangement was published in 1810, and a further arrangement, including an infrageneric classification, followed in 1830. Aspects of Brown's arrangements can be recognised in the later arrangements of George Bentham and Alex George.
Dryandra subg. Hemiclidia is an obsolete plant taxon that encompassed material that is now included in Banksia. Published at genus rank as Hemiclidia by Robert Brown in 1830, it was set aside by George Bentham in 1870, but reinstated at subgenus rank by Alex George in 1996. In 2007, all Dryandra species were transferred into Banksia at series rank, and the infrageneric Dryandra taxa, including D. subg. Hemiclidia, were set aside.
Grevillea agrifolia, the blue grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is native to the north of Western Australia and parts of the Northern Territory. It is a shrub or tree with narrowly oblong leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and creamy-yellow flowers.
Hakea cristata, commonly known as the snail hakea, is a shrub in the family Proteaceae native to Western Australia. An ornamental prickly shrub with attractive foliage and creamy white rounded flowers appearing in profusion in the winter months.
Grevillea floribunda, commonly known as seven dwarfs grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a spreading shrub with oblong to egg-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base and groups of six to twenty flowers covered with rusty brown hairs.
Stenocarpus cunninghamii, commonly known as little wheel bush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to northern Australia. It is a shrub or small tree with simple, narrow elliptic or lance-shaped adult leaves, groups of pale yellow or white flowers and woody, linear follicles.
Grevillea depauperata is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a low, dense, spreading shrub with oblong or egg-shaped leaves and clusters of red to orange flowers.
Grevillea cunninghamii is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the north of Western Australia. It is a shrub with egg-shaped leaves with sharply-pointed teeth on the edges, and clusters of red flowers.