Boden Garrison | |
---|---|
Bodens garnison | |
Boden, Norrbotten in Sweden | |
Coordinates | 65°50′N21°41′E / 65.83°N 21.69°E |
Type | Garrison |
Site information | |
Owner | Swedish Fortifications Agency |
Operator | Swedish Armed Forces |
Boden Garrison (Swedish : Bodens garnison) is a major garrison in Sweden, located in and around Boden in Norrbotten County. The garrison has during the 20th century been, and still is, the largest garrison in Sweden, [1] consisting of several units of the Swedish Armed Forces as well as Boden Fortress.
Before the decision to construct Boden Fortress, there was no permanently stationed military unit in Boden. The main military presence were the four tenement soldiers of Bodens kompani (Boden Company)—part of Norrbotten Regiment (I 19)—that lived in the locality. [2] To provide men for the fortress, several units were either created in, or moved to the newly built garrison. The first unit garrisoned in Boden was Boden Engineer Corps, and engineering battalion, in 1905 (even though the official move was not made until in 1908). [3] [4] Soon to follow were infantry and artillery units that had wartime stationing in and around the fortress, and other supporting units.
From 1910 and on, the garrison was developed from a pure fortress garrison to a training centre for troops serving in the whole of upper Norrland. [5] More than 60 percent of Norrbotten Regiment were to be used for the field army in case of mobilisation right before the First World War. [6] On 1 January 1914, 709 permanently employed soldiers and officers were stationed in Boden, and 4,710 conscripts were trained in the garrison during the year, [7] this in a locality with a population of 4,952. [8]
During the Second World War, the mission of Norrbotten Regiment changed from manning the fortress to guarding the northern borders, and the infantry unit supposed to protect the fortress was instead Värmland Regiment that would be transported from southwestern Sweden up to Boden in case of mobilisation. A further move from fortress garrison was taken in 1957 when the armoured unit Norrbotten Armoured Battalion was created. [9] The first air unit was stationed in Boden already in 1916, when a small detachment of three aircraft and 29 personnel was moved there from the army air force station in Malmslätt. During the years, further detachments were located in Boden garrison from time to time, but it was not until 1959 that Boden got its own flying unit, through the helicopter unit Arméns helikopterskola. [10]
The massive cutdowns of the Swedish Armed Forces in the 1990s and 2000s saw several old regiments disband, merge, or move, which affected Boden as well. Several independent regiments and battalions stationed in the garrison were reduced in size and merged into Norrbotten Regiment. Even after the cutdowns, Boden Garrison retained the position as the largest garrison in Sweden [11] and the main training centre for conscripts. [12] The garrison houses the only remaining artillery regiment of the armed forces and is the only remaining garrison housing more than one Swedish Army regiment.
Conscripts and personnel of Boden Garrison 1920–2007 [13] [12] | |||
---|---|---|---|
Year | Personnel | Conscripts | |
1920 | 931 | 5,047 | |
1930 | 772 | 6,191 | |
1939 | — | 5,669 | |
1940 | 889 | — | |
1950 | 981 | 1,810 | |
1960 | 768 | 2,407 | |
1970 | 899 | 3,250 | |
1980 | 1,480 | 2,000 | |
2006/07 | — | 1,800 |
Name | Designation | Type | From | To | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Northern Military Region | MR N | Command | 2013-01-01 | ||
Artillery Regiment | A 9 | Artillery regiment | 2006-01-01 | ||
Norrbottensgruppen | G 63 | Command | 2000-07-01 | ||
Norrbotten Regiment | I 19 | Armoured regiment | 2000-07-01 | ||
Norrbotten Armoured Battalion | Pbat/I 19 | Armoured battalion | 2000-07-01 | ||
Norrland Engineer Company | Ingkomp/I 19 | Engineer company | 2006-01-01 | 2011-06-21 | |
Norrland Artillery Battalion | Artbat/I 19 | Artillery battalion | 2000-07-01 | 2005-12-31 | |
Norrland Engineer Battalion | Ingbat/I 19 | Engineer battalion | 2000-07-01 | 2005-12-31 | |
Norrland Signal Battalion | Signbat/I 19 | Communications regiment | 2000-07-01 | 2005-12-31 | |
Norrland Anti-Aircraft Battalion | Lvbat/I 19 | Air defence battalion | 2000-07-01 | 2005-06-30 | |
Norrlands helikopterskvadron | 1. hkpskv | Helicopter squadron | 2000-07-01 | 2005-06-30 | |
Norrbottens försvarsområde | Fo 63 | Command | 1998-01-01 | 2000-06-30 | |
Norrland Artillery Regiment | A 8 | Artillery regiment | 1998-01-01 | 2000-06-30 | |
Norrlands helikopterbataljon | 1. hkpbat | Helicopter battalion | 1998-07-01 | 2000-06-30 | |
Norrland Engineer Corps | Ing 3 | Engineer battalion | 1994-07-01 | 2000-06-30 | |
Norrland Anti-Aircraft Corps | Lv 7 | Air defence battalion | 1994-07-01 | 2000-06-30 | |
Norrbotten Regiment and Norrbotten Brigade | MekB 19 | Mechanised regiment/brigade | 1994-10-01 | 2000-06-30 | |
Norrland Signal Corps | S 3 | Communications regiment | 1994-07-01 | 2000-06-30 | |
Norrbottens arméflygbataljon | AF 1 | Helicopter battalion | 1980-01-01 | 1998-06-30 | |
Bodens försvarsområde | Fo 63 | Command | 1994-07-01 | 1997-12-31 | |
Boden Artillery Regiment | A 8 | Artillery regiment | 1994-07-01 | 1997-12-31 | |
Luleå Anti-Aircraft Regiment | Lv 7 | Air defence regiment | 1992-05-01 | 1994-06-30 | |
Norrland Signal Regiment | S 3 | Communications regiment | 1987-07-01 | 1994-06-30 | |
Norrbotten Regiment and Norrbotten Armoured Battalion | I 19/P 5 | Infantry/armoured battalion | 1975-07-01 | 1994-06-30 | |
Boden Artillery Regiment | A 8/Fo 63 | Artillery regiment | 1975-07-01 | 1994-06-30 | |
Boden Engineer Regiment | Ing 3 | Engineer regiment | 1975-07-01 | 1994-06-30 | |
Norrland Signal Battalion | S 3 | Communications battalion | 1957-04-01 | 1987-06-30 | |
Arméns helikopterskola | HkpS | Helicopter school | 1959-11-01 | 1979-12-31 | |
Norrbotten Armoured Battalion | P 5 | Armoured battalion | 1957-04-01 | 1975-06-30 | |
Bodens försvarsområde | Fo 63 | Command | 1942-10-01 | 1975-06-30 | |
Boden Engineer Corps | Ing 3 | Engineer battalion | 1937-07-01 | 1975-06-30 | |
Boden Artillery Regiment | A 8 | Artillery regiment | 1919-09-10 | 1975-06-30 | |
Norrbotten Regiment | I 19 | Infantry regiment | 1907-10-01 | 1975-06-30 | |
Signal Battalion in Boden | S 3 | Communications battalion | 1955-12-07 | 1957-03-31 | |
Signal Battalion in Boden | S 1 B | Communications battalion | 1954-07-01 | 1955-12-06 | |
Signal Regiment's Company in Boden | S 1 B | Communications company | 1942-12-04 | 1954-06-30 | |
Norrbotten Artillery Corps | A 5 | Artillery battalion | 1928-01-01 | 1951-06-30 | |
Tredje intendenturkompaniet | Int 3 | Support company | 1928-01-01 | 1950-12-31 | |
Boden Signal Company | S 1 B | Communications company | 1937-07-01 | 1942-12-03 | |
Boden Engineer Corps | Ing 4 | Engineer battalion | 1905-04-01 | 1937-06-30 | |
Intendenturkompaniet i Boden | Int 3 | Support company | 1915-10-29 | 1927-12-31 | |
III. division/Norrland Artillery Regiment | A 4 B | Artillery battalion | 1910-04-01 | 1927-12-31 | |
Field Telegraph Corps' Detachment in Boden | Ing 4 det | Communications detachment | 1915-01-01 | 1925-10-31 | |
Boden Artillery Battalion | A 8 B | Artillery battalion | 1912-11-01 | 1919-09-09 | |
2nd Battalion/Boden-Karlsborg Artillery Regiment | A 8 B | Artillery battalion | 1906-10-24 | 1912-10-31 |
As the garrison only became an actual organisation in the armed forces in 1975, there was no official garrison commander until then, however the commandants of Boden Fortress had extended powers over the military units stationed in the garrison. [14] The position Commander Boden Garrison (Chef Bodens garnison) has since been occupied by: [15] [16]
Name | From | To |
---|---|---|
Sven Skeppstedt | 1975-07-01 | 1980-03-31 |
Reinhold Lahti | 1980-04-01 | 1983-03-31 |
Thure Wadenholt | 1983-04-01 | 1992-12-31 |
Göran Honkamaa | 1993-01-01 | 1999-09-30 |
Ulf Nordlander | 1999-10-01 | 2000-06-30 |
Per Lodin | 2000 | 2003 |
Ola Hansson | 2003 | 2004 |
Frank Westman | 2004 | 2006 |
Jan Mörtberg | 2006 | 2010 |
Olof Granander | 2010 |
Boden Fortress is a modern fortress consisting of several major and minor forts and fortifications surrounding the city of Boden, Norrbotten, in northern Sweden. The fortress was originally intended to stop or delay attacks from the east or coastal assaults, which at the time of construction meant Russian attacks launched from Finland. It was primarily the expansion of the railway net in Norrland, which in turn was a consequence of the rising importance of the northern iron ore fields, that led to the increased strategic value of northern Sweden and the construction of the fortress. Although the main forts were finished in 1908, many of the supporting fortifications were not completed until the start of the First World War. Improvements were also continuously made during, and between, both World Wars.
The Norrbotten Regiment, designation I 19, is a Swedish Army arctic armoured, light infantry and commando regiment that traces its origins back to the 19th century. The regiment's soldiers were originally recruited from the province of Norrbotten, and it is currently garrisoned in Boden, Norrbotten. The regiment has the responsibility for training two armoured and one special recon battalion, as well as number of Arctic light infantry battalions from the home guard as well as running the army's winter unit.
The Norrbotten Armoured Battalion, designation Pbat/I 19 or P 5, is a Swedish Army armoured battalion, one of the few new formations raised in the 20th century. It is still in active service, and is currently garrisoned in Boden, Norrbotten as part of Norrbotten Regiment.
The Artillery Regiment was an artillery regiment of the Swedish Army based in Boden Garrison in Boden, Sweden. The regiment was formed as the Artillery Regiment by bringing together all the artillery regiments of the Swedish Army, and it took its designation A 9 from the Bergslagen Artillery Regiment. The regiment carried the battle honours of all past Swedish artillery regiments. Its new organisation was founded in 2000 in Kristinehamn and in 2005 the regiment was moved to Boden. Due to the re-raising of Bergslagen Artillery Regiment in 2022, the Artillery Regiment was renamed Boden Artillery Regiment and took the designation A 8 from the old Boden Artillery Regiment which was active from 1906 to 1997.
The Norrland Signal Battalion, designated Signbat/I 19, originally Norrland Signal Corps, designated S 3, was a Swedish Army signal unit, one of the few new formations raised in the 20th century. It was disbanded in 2005. The unit was garrisoned in Norrbotten.
The Svea Artillery Regiment, designation A 1, was a Swedish Army artillery regiment that traced its origins back to the 17th century. It was disbanded in 1997. The regiment's soldiers were originally recruited from Svealand, and it was also garrisoned there.
The Wendes Artillery Regiment, designation A 3, was a Swedish Army artillery regiment that traced its origins back to the 17th century. The regiment's soldiers were originally recruited from Scania, where it was garrisoned. The unit was disbanded as a result of the disarmament policies set forward in the Defence Act of 2000.
The Norrbotten Brigade, also NMekB 19, is a Swedish Army mechanized brigade located in the province of Norrbotten, active since 2022. It was previously active from 1949 to 2000. The brigade is located at Boden Garrison, Norrbotten Regiment in Boden.
Degerberget Fort is a modern fort, part of Boden Fortress, outside the city of Boden, Norrbotten, in northern Sweden. The fort was finished in 1908 but improvements were also continuously made during, and between, both World Wars. Besides its military role, the fort also served as storage for part of the Swedish gold reserve for over 40 years. Degerberget Fort was decommissioned in 1992.
Boden Fortress Radio Bunker is a communications bunker, part of Boden Fortress, outside the city of Boden, Norrbotten, in northern Sweden. It was used for the first radio broadcast in Swedish history.
Vaxholm Artillery Corps was an artillery unit of the Swedish Army which operated between 1889 and 1901. The unit was based in Vaxholm in Uppland.
Vaxholm Grenadier Regiment, also I 26, was a Swedish Army infantry regiment that was active in various forms 1902–1927. The unit was based on Rindö in Vaxholm.
Norrbotten Artillery Corps, designation A 5, was a Swedish Army artillery unit which operated between 1928 and 1951. The unit was based in Boden Garrison in Boden, Sweden.
Boden-Karlsborg Artillery Regiment, designation A 8, was a Swedish Army artillery unit which operated between 1893 and 1919. The unit was based in Boden Garrison in Boden, Sweden.
Uppland Artillery Regiment, designation A 5, was a Swedish Army artillery unit which operated between 1894 and 1927. The unit was based in Uppsala Garrison in Uppsala, Sweden.
Nils Johan Teodor Odhner was a Swedish zoologist. Odhner was born in Lund, Sweden. He was the son of the historian and archivist Clas Theodor Odhner and the father of the agronomist Clas-Erik Odhner.
The Marine Regiment was a naval artillery unit within the Swedish Navy that operated from 1824 to 1886. The unit was created in 1845 from the former Naval Artillery Regiment and was intended for garrison and guard duty at naval stations and fortifications, as well as for landing operations on ships. In 1871, the Marine Regiment was put on the list for disbandment but was revived again when it was transferred to the army as part of the Blekinge Battalion in 1886.
All sources in (in Swedish) unless otherwise noted.
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