The Nematocera are a suborder of elongated flies with thin, segmented antennae and mostly aquatic larvae. This group is paraphyletic and contains all flies but species from suborder Brachycera, which includes more commonly known species such as the housefly or the common fruit fly. Families in Nematocera include mosquitoes, crane flies, gnats, black flies, and multiple families commonly known as midges. The Nematocera typically have fairly long, fine, finely-jointed antennae. In many species, such as most mosquitoes, the female antennae are more or less threadlike, but the males have spectacularly plumose antennae.
Mycetophilidae is a family of small flies, forming the bulk of those species known as fungus gnats. About 3000 described species are placed in 150 genera, but the true number of species is undoubtedly much higher. They are generally found in the damp habitats favoured by their host fungi and sometimes form dense swarms.
The Sciaridae are a family of flies, commonly known as dark-winged fungus gnats. Commonly found in moist environments, they are known to be a pest of mushroom farms and are commonly found in household plant pots. This is one of the least studied of the large Diptera families, probably due to the small size of these insects and the similarity among species.
Sciaroidea is a superfamily in the infraorder Bibionomorpha. There are about 16 families and more than 15,000 described species in Sciaroidea. Most of its constituent families are various gnats.
Bolitophila is the sole living genus in the Bolitophilidae, a family of Diptera in the superfamily Sciaroidea, with around 40 Palaearctic and about 20 Nearctic species, and three species from the Oriental region (Taiwan). They are small (6–9 mm).
Bolitophila cinerea is a Palearctic species of 'fungus gnat' in the family Bolitophilidae.
Acnemia nitidicollis is a Palearctic species of 'fungus gnat' in the family Mycetophilidae. The larvae of Acnemia are mycetophagous in rotting wood.
Boletina griphoides is a Palearctic species of 'fungus gnat' in the family Mycetophilidae. The larvae of B. griphoides are thought to be mycetophagous in the ground litter. Adults sometimes appear in enormous numbers in spring in a wide variety of habitats.
Boletina trispinosa is a Palearctic species of 'fungus gnat' in the family Mycetophilidae. Members of this genus are found in a wider variety of habitats from wooded streams to wetlands and open moorland. They make use of diverse breeding sites from the more normal habitat of rotting wood to mosses and liverworts. The breeding biology of most species is largely unknown.
Coelosia tenella is a Palearctic species of 'fungus gnat' in the family Mycetophilidae. It is associated with Stereum.
Diadocidia ferruginosa is a Palearctic species of fungus gnat in the family Mycetophilidae. They live as larvae in long dry silken tubes under bark or in rotten wood and probably feed on fungal mycelia or spores. Also associated with Peniophora.
Boletina gripha is a Palearctic species of 'fungus gnats' in the family Mycetophilidae. It is found in a wide variety of habitats from wooded streams to wetlands and open moorland. Reared from brown rot of spruce stump, spruce log bearing loose bark and decaying wood of pine. Larvae have been on the surface of decaying wood covered with Resinicium bicolor, from soil in pine forest and from fruiting bodies of Suillus bovinus.
Brachypeza bisignata is a Palearctic species of 'fungus gnat' in the family Mycetophilidae. Reared from puffballs (Lycoperdales).
Brevicornu foliatum is a Palearctic species of 'fungus gnat' in the family Mycetophilidae. Members of this genus are found in a wider variety of habitats from wooded streams to wetlands and open moorland. Larvae develop in dead wood and in soil litter, feeding probably on microfungi.
Sciophilinae is a subfamily of fungus gnats. There are at least 40 genera and 340 described species in Sciophilinae.
Boletina is a genus of fungus gnats in the family Mycetophilidae. There are at least 30 described species in Boletina.
Mycetophilinae is a subfamily of fungus gnats in the family Mycetophilidae. There are more than 30 genera and 2,000 described species in Mycetophilinae. There are two tribes, Exechiini and Mycetophilini.
Exechia is a genus of fungus gnats in the family Mycetophilidae. There are more than 180 described species in Exechia.
Aglaomyia is a genus of fungus gnats in the family Mycetophilidae. There are at least two described species in Aglaomyia.
Ditomyia is a genus of fungus gnats in the family Ditomyiidae.
