Boophis popi

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Boophis popi
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Mantellidae
Genus: Boophis
Species:
B. popi
Binomial name
Boophis popi
Köhler, Glaw, Rosa, Gehring, Pabijan, Andreone, and Vences, 2011 [2]
Boophis popi relief map.svg
Approximate distribution (Madagascar)
  Range

Boophis popi is a nocturnal species of skeleton frog endemic to the forests of Madagascar. [3] It is characterized by its red irises and distinctly elevated reticulations on the dorsum. It is brown and gray, has slender limbs, a pulsating call, and is slightly larger than similar frogs in its genus. The species was described in 2011 and is named after the company "pop-interactive GmbH".

Contents

Taxonomy

B. popi is one of many species in the genus of skeleton frogs, and is in the B. goudoti group. It was described by Jörn Köhler, Frank Glaw, Gonçalo M. Rosa, Philip-Sebastian Gehring, Maciej Pabijan, Franco Andreone, and Miguel Vences in their 2011 paper titled "Two new bright-eyed treefrogs of the genus Boophis from Madagascar", and named after the German company "pop-interactive GmbH", which has supported biodiversity research and conservation. [2] Through molecular genetics, it was found to be closely related to Boophis fayi and Boophis boehmei . [2] [4]

Description

B. popi has distinct bright red outer irises, [2] beige inner irises (with a brown vessel-like pattern) surrounded by a black ring, with blue in the iris periphery. The frog is brown-colored with several black and beige spots on its body, and the flanks have brown and yellow marks as well. The throat and chest are beige and gray, and the belly is light brown with small brown spots. Its limbs are gray with brown patterns. Preserved specimens tend to be lighter in color. Its throat and chest are smooth, its belly is granular, and it has white tubercles around its cloaca. Its arms are somewhat slender, its lower arms have fringes, and there is a pointed dermal appendage on the elbow. The fingers follow a 1<2<4<3 pattern of length, with the second finger being distinctly shorter than the fourth. It has slender hind limbs as well as a dermal appendage on its heel. It has five toes, which follow the pattern of length 1<2<3=5<4. Females are larger in size than males. [2] [4]

Though it appears to be morphologically similar to the other frogs in Boophis, there are several key differences that make B. popi a different species. Visually, B. popi is most similar to B. axelmeyeri , but is smaller in size (it has a smaller SVL, or snout-vent length) and has a less pointed snout when viewed from above. It typically has a larger SVL than B. boehmei. [4]

When compared to B. rufioculis, B. popi has smaller cloacal tubercles and shorter hindlimbs. B. popi also has distinct elevated reticulations on the dorsum, while similar frogs do not. It is placed in the genus Boophis because of the intercalary element in between its last two fingers and toes, nupital pads, and the lack of femoral glands in males. [1] [2]

Behavior

B. popi is a nocturnal tree frog and is active on vegetation near slow-flowing streams during the rainy season. [2]

B. popi calls contain two short series of pulsating notes, one with three notes and the other with two notes. Note duration varies from 18 to 29 ms and the pauses between notes range from 97 to 120 ms. Its pitch is similar to B. boehmei and B. quasiboehmei , but is slightly lower as its larger body size predicts. However, the calls of those in the B. goudoti group are very similar and are not unique to B. popi in particular. [2]

Habitat and distribution

B. popi can be found in the montane rainforest in central Madagascar. [3] Its population is decreasing, and common threats include development, agriculture, mining, logging, fire, and invasive species and diseases. [1]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mantellidae</span> Family of amphibians

The Mantellidae are a family of the order Anura. These frogs are endemic to the islands of Madagascar and Mayotte.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cophylinae</span> Subfamily of amphibians

Cophylinae is a subfamily of microhylid frogs endemic to Madagascar. It has over 100 species in eight genera. Members of this subfamily range from minute to fairly large, and they are highly ecologically diverse. DNA barcode research has revealed a significant taxonomic gap in this subfamily, and an estimated 70+ candidate species were identified. Many of these have subsequently been described, as well as numerous new discoveries.

<i>Cophyla</i> Genus of amphibians

Cophyla is a genus of microhylid frogs endemic to Madagascar.

<i>Stumpffia</i> Genus of amphibians

Stumpffia is a genus of microhylid frogs that are endemic to Madagascar. They are mostly brown frogs that typically live among leaf litter. S. contumelia has a snout–vent length of about 8–9 mm (0.31–0.35 in), making it one of the world's smallest frogs, and several others in the genus are only slightly larger. The largest species is no more than 28 mm (1.1 in).

<i>Mantidactylus</i> Genus of amphibians

Mantidactylus is a frog genus in the mantellid subfamily Mantellinae. This genus is restricted to Madagascar. The genus is divided into several subgenera that form monophyletic genetic clusters and are ecologically similar.

<i>Aglyptodactylus</i> Genus of amphibians

Aglyptodactylus is a genus of frogs in the family Mantellidae. These frogs, sometimes known as the Madagascar jumping frogs, are endemic to Madagascar. Systematic revisions of the groups were published in 1998 and 2015. Six species are currently recognized.

<i>Boophis</i> Genus of amphibians

Boophis is the only genus in the mantellid frog subfamily Boophinae. They are commonly known as bright-eyed or skeleton frogs. They show typical 'tree frog' traits, and are a good example of convergent evolution with morphologically similar species in the families Hylidae and Rhacophoridae, among others. This genus can only be found on Madagascar and Mayotte Island (Comoros).

<i>Boophis occidentalis</i> Species of frog

Boophis occidentalis is a species of frog in the family Mantellidae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, rivers, pastureland, urban areas, and heavily degraded former forest. It is threatened by habitat loss.

<i>Rhombophryne</i> Genus of amphibians

Rhombophryne is a genus of microhylid frogs endemic to Madagascar. It is currently estimated to include more than 23 species, but only 20 of these are currently described. The common name 'diamond frog' has been proposed and used for members of this genus.

<i>Gephyromantis</i> Genus of amphibians

Gephyromantis is a frog genus in the mantellid subfamily Mantellinae. This genus is restricted to Madagascar. At present it contains 45 species divided into six subgenera.

<i>Guibemantis</i> Genus of amphibians

Guibemantis is a frog genus in the mantellid subfamily Mantellinae. This genus is restricted to Madagascar. At present it contains 16 species divided into two subgenera.

<i>Brookesia minima</i> Species of reptile

Brookesia minima,, is a diminutive chameleon that was regarded as the smallest lizard of the Chamaeleonidae until a smaller species, Brookesia nana, was described in 2021.

Boophis baetkei is a species of frog in the family Mantellidae. It is endemic to northern Madagascar and only known from its type locality on the eastern edge of the Fôret d'Ambre Special Reserve in the Antsiranana Province. It is an arboreal species that was found in a heavily disturbed transitional forest. It is threatened by severe habitat loss occurring in the area of its type locality.

<i>Boophis lilianae</i> Species of amphibian

Boophis lilianae is a species of frogs in the family Mantellidae. It is endemic to Madagascar and only known with certainty from its type locality near Tolongoina. There is also a possible record from the Ranomafana National Park.

Boophis ulftunni is a species of frogs in the family Mantellidae. It is endemic to Madagascar.

Boophis calcaratus is a species of treefrog found in Madagascar. It has large tubercles on its heels, especially noticeable in females, that distinguish it from most other Boophis species; it is distinguished among the tubercle-bearing Boophis by the lack of webbing on its hands.

Spinomantis microtis is a species of frog in the Mantellid subfamily Mantellinae, endemic to Madagascar.

<i>Boophis fayi</i> Species of amphibian

Boophis fayi is a nocturnal species of skeleton frog endemic to the forests and wetlands or Madagascar with unusual greenish eyes. It is considered to be vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.

<i>Boophis entingae</i> Species of amphibian

Boophis entingae is a species of skeleton frog endemic to northern Madagascar.

Boophis haingana is an endangered species of skeleton frog endemic to southeastern Madagascar. It is characterized by its advertisement call, which has shorter note durations and faster note repetitions compared to other frogs in its genus. It is pale green in color and translucent at certain parts of the body, such as the dorsal and ventral skin.

References

  1. 1 2 3 IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2015). "Boophis popi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2015: e.T49543547A49543610. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T49543547A49543610.en . Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Köhler, Jörn; Glaw, Frank; Rosa, Gonçalo M; Gehring, Philip-Sebastian; Pabijan, Maciej; Andreone, Franco & Vences, Miguel (2011). "Two new bright-eyed treefrogs of the genus Boophis from Madagascar" (PDF). Salamandra. 47 (4): 207–221.
  3. 1 2 Frost, Darrel R. (2019). "Boophis popi Köhler, Glaw, Rosa, Gehring, Pabijan, Andreone, and Vences, 2011". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 31 October 2019.
  4. 1 2 3 "AmphibiaWeb - Boophis popi". amphibiaweb.org. Retrieved 2019-10-03.
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